Lapho abaseSpain nabasePutukezi benqoba izwekazi laseMelika, babevame ukucindezela ngesihluku intando yabomdabu. Kulokhu, izinja ezazithukuthele, zinolaka futhi zinamandla, amaBulldogs noma amaMolossian Great Danes (inzalo yezinja zokulwa nokuzingela ezahambisana nebutho lika-Alexander the Great) zasiza.
Babizwa ngokuthi yiMolossian ngoba endaweni yokubukeka kwabo - izwe lasendulo lamaGrikhi i-Epirus, inani elikhulu labantu kwakunguMolossians. Futhi lo mhlobo waqanjwa ngama-bulldogs ngokwenhloso yawo yokusebenza. Bakhuliswa njengezinja ezikhethiwe nezilwayo. Ngokwezwi nezwi elihunyushwe ngokuthi "inja yenkunzi", okungukuthi, inja yokubhaka inkunzi ngensimbi.
Eminyakeni edlule, eCuba naseJamaica, abatshali basebenzise lezi zinja ukulandela umkhondo wezigqila ezibalekile. Lezo zinja zazingabalindi bangempela emasimini aseMelika, ezinikele kumnikazi oyedwa kuphela. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, umfuyi waseMelika uBuck Lane wanquma ukuvuselela lolu hlobo olukhazimulayo oluvela e-Old English Bulldog.
Bese e-United States baqala ukusebenzisa uhlelo lokubuyiselwa kanye nokuzalanisa izinja ezidumile ezivela e-Old South of America. Ngakho-ke lolu hlobo lwaqala indlela yalo ekhazimulayo I-Alldakh bulldog. Namuhla, lolu hlobo lubhekwa njengokungajwayelekile, izinja zingabalwa ngazodwana ngomqondo ongokoqobo, kunabantu abangaba ngu-170.
Ukhokho walezi "zinja zokutshala" ezivuselelwe kwaba bulldog Alapakhsky Otto... Kwakuyinja eyangena emlandweni ingunaphakade ngenxa yokuthembeka kwayo okuthinta umnikazi wayo wokuqala. Lapho uBuck Lane edlula emhlabeni, u-Otto akazange akwamukele lokhu futhi weza ethuneni lakhe nsuku zonke ukuvikela ukuthula kwenkosi yakhe ayithandayo.
Enkumbulweni yakhe, lolu hlobo lubizwa ngokuthi "u-Otto Bulldog". Eminyakeni edlule, umzukulu kaBuck Lane, uLana Lu Lane, wanquma ukuqhubeka nokuzalanisa lezi zinja. Okokuqala, wazama ukugcina ikhwalithi esemqoka kulolu hlobo - uthando oluyingqayizivele nokuzinikela kumnikazi.
Ngenxa yendlalifa kaLane, lolu hlobo lwabonwa yi-American Organisation Yezilwane ngo-1986. Ngemuva kokushona kukaLana ngo-2001, umndeni waqhubeka nomsebenzi wokhokho babo. Kodwa-ke, ngokuzayo, ayikho inhlangano eyodwa enkulu eseyikuqinisekisile ngokusemthethweni lolu hlobo.
Incazelo nezici
I-Alldakh bulldog esithombeni kubukeka kusongela ngokwanele. Ubukhulu bayo abunakubizwa ngokuthi bukhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho, inja ikhombisa ukubambezeleka okukhohlisayo ne-phlegm. Kodwa-ke, unomzimba oqinile, onemisipha, futhi yonke imisipha ibonakala ngathi - "Ngihlale ngiphapheme njalo." Unamandla, uyashesha futhi uqine. Amapharamitha ohlobo alulinganiselwe, ngakho-ke sizothatha njengesisekelo incazelo yommeleli ohlanzekile.
- Isisindo esimaphakathi sisuka ku-35 kuye ku-45 kg. Ukuphakama lapho kubuna - kufika ku-60 cm. "Ama-Cavaliers" ngokuvamile makhulu kunama "ladies".
- Inhloko inkulu, inesikwele ngokuma, izihlathi ziyabizwa. Kukhona isikhumba esibabazekayo esivela emakhaleni, nasentanyeni.
- Ibunzi elinemisipha futhi liyisicaba elingabizwa ngokuthi "ligxile" ngenxa yemigoqo yesikhumba nolayini ohlukanisayo phakathi kwamehlo. Isitobhu (umngcele wethambo elingaphambili nebhuloho lamakhala) kuyabonakaliswa, kubukhali futhi kujulile.
- Isifonyo sinwetshiwe, futhi siseduze kwesikwele esimweni. Umhlathi ongezansi ukhuliswe kahle. Abafuyi bayayikhuthaza uma umhlathi ongezansi mfushane kancane kunomhlathi ongaphezulu, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "overshot".
- Ikhala limnyama, nsundu noma limnyama. Kulokhu kokugcina, izindebe nazo kufanele zibe mnyama; kungahle kube namabala amancane abomvana kuzo.
- Amehlo osayizi ophakathi nendawo, enengxenye enkulu ye-iridescent. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaprotheni akufanele abonakale nakancane. Umbala wamehlo ungaba yinoma yikuphi, kukhona velvety brown, ophuzi okhazimulayo, okwesibhakabhaka okumangalisayo, umthunzi ogcwele kanye nemibala ehlukene. Kepha umbala wamajwabu amehlo uvunyelwe kuphela omnyama. Uma amajwabu amehlo epinki, lokhu kubhekwa njengesici. Ukubukeka kuyanaka futhi kuhlakaniphile.
- Izindlebe azisikiwe, azigoqeki ku- "rosette", ziphakeme futhi zisethwe zibanzi, zigoqwe kancane emuva.
- Ikhwalithi eyinhloko yalolu hlobo yintamo enamandla, kungenxa yokuthi banesilonda esinamandla futhi bagcina isisulu sabo.
- Umsila awudokhiwe, mkhulu phezulu, futhi umncane ekugcineni. Isikhathi eside ngokwanele, singakhuphuka lapho sihamba.
- Ama-paaw kungathiwa mancane. Noma kunjalo, hhayi mncane, kepha unamandla futhi unamandla. Amapayipi awugqinsi, ayindilinga ngokuma.
- Ijazi elilingana kahle likhulu futhi liluhlaza.
- Umbala ungahluka, kusuka kokumhlophe, omnyama nonsundu ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, onamabala, nemabula. Endabeni yokumhlophe okumsulwa, i-pigmentation yesikhumba iyahlolwa ukugwema izinkinga enzalweni (isb. Ukungezwa). Amabala angaba ngosayizi, umumo nombala. Abazalisi bakhetha imibala yingwe noma yemabula, bayadingeka kakhulu. Yize, ngenxa yeqiniso, kufanelekile ukusho ukuthi u-Otto bulldog wacishe waba mhlophe (okungenani ama-50%) enamabala ansundu nonsundu.
Lezi zinja zizalwa njengabangane nabaqaphi. Lesi silwane singummeleli ocacile wenja ethembekile yangempela. Esiyingini somndeni, unomusa, uzolile futhi ulinganisile, kepha uma kukhona ilungu lomndeni elisongelwayo, ngeke anqikaze ukulivikela. Uthembekile kumnikazi futhi uzinikele "ekugcineni kwomsila wakhe."
Futhi akabethembi nakancane abantu angabazi, engabavumeli ukuba bangene endaweni yakhe. Uhlakaniphe kakhulu, futhi angamukela ingane enkampanini yakhe, futhi inja efundiswe kahle ayisoze yacasula ingane, izodlala nayo amahora amaningi, ngokucophelela nangokunembile.
I-Alapakh Bulldog ayizalwanga njengohlobo olunolaka. Wakhulelwa njengomngane ophelele womnikazi. Kungemva nje kuphela lapho le bulldog yaqala ukubizwa ngokuthi yizinja ezilwayo, ngoba inesibindi, inamandla, inesibindi, futhi inomkhawulo wobuhlungu obukhulu impela.
Iminyaka eminingi yokusebenzisa inja njengenja enesihluku (enonya) ishiye uphawu lwayo. Ngakho-ke, awukwazi ukushiya isilwane sakho sodwa nezingane noma ezinye izilwane. Kufanele ubheke, njengomuntu onenkani futhi onenhloso, angahle angaziqondi izimo zomdlalo.
I-Alapakh incike ngokuphelele kubanikazi bayo. Inja ayishintshiwe ukuthi ibe yodwa. Eshiywe yedwa, uyacindezeleka futhi abe nengcindezi enkulu. Uma ushiya isilwane sakho isikhathi eside futhi kaningi, sizokhonkotha futhi sihhewule futhi sicasuke kalula. Kungakhombisa nokuhlukumeza noma ukwenza isenzo esingalungile.
Izinhlobo
I-Breed Alapakhsky Bulldog, ngaphandle kokuqashelwa ngabalimi nabanikazi, akuqinisekisiwe yi-International Kennel Federation (ICF). Izinga elingazinzile liholela ezingxabanweni phakathi kwezinhlangano ezaziwayo zokuzalela izinja, ngayinye ekholelwa ukuthi wuhlobo lwayo oluthathwa njengolungazaliswanga.
Iqhawe lethu alithathwa ngeze njengelithi "blue bulldog", igama lakhe elingekho emthethweni ngu- "Alapaha Blue Blood Bulldog". Ukutholakala kwayo kanye nohlu lozalo oluhle kwaveza isihloko esinjalo. Futhi i-bulldog endala yaseNgilandi ne-American bulldog kungathathwa njengezihlobo kuye.
1. I-Old English Bulldog wuhlobo lwenja lwesiNgisi olungasekho olusashabalala. Inja enemisipha, icwecwe enosayizi ophakathi, enesisindo esifinyelela ku-40 kg, kuze kufike kubude obungu-52 cm. Babebonakala ngesibindi esikhulu, ulaka nemihlathi eqinile. Zasetshenziswa eNgilandi njengabahlanganyeli "ekulweni izinja".
Ngemuva kokuzalela inja entsha yohlobo lweBull neTerrier, eyahlukaniswa ngejubane nokukhula okuthuthukile, i-Old English Bulldog yaqala ukuphela kancane kancane. Futhi ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 yanyamalala. Kodwa-ke, ngo-1971, umphathi wezinja waseMelika uDavid Levitt wazimisela ukubuyisela lolu hlobo lwenganekwane. Ngemuva kokuzalela izinhlobo eziningi ezahlukahlukene: I-American Bulldog, iBullmastiff, i-American Pit Bull Terrier ne-English Bulldog, i-Old English Bulldog yanamuhla yenziwa kabusha.
2. I-American Bulldog. Izinhlobo zezinja ezaziwa kusukela ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Lesi esinye sezihlobo eziseduze kakhulu ze-Old English Bulldog, igatsha elicishe lingathintwa. Inja inokuphakama okulingene, kepha inamandla futhi inemisipha, umzimba wonke uyimisipha ephonswayo. Inhloko inkulu, inkulu maqondana nomzimba.
Inja ehlakaniphile, eqotho, engenabugovu, eqeqeshiwe, noma kunjalo, ihlukaniswa nenkani nokusola. Unomkhuba ongathandeki "wokuvuza amathe". Isetshenziswa njengomzingeli wezilwane ezinkulu, umsizi kamalusi nomqaphi, noma nje umngane.
Ukudla okunomsoco
I-Alapakh bulldog - inja, ethambekele ekuzuzeni ngokweqile. Ukudla ngokweqile akufanele kuvunyelwe, uzokhuluphala ngokushesha. Futhi lokhu akunampilo. Ungamphakela ukudla kwemvelo noma ukudla okulungiselelwe. Ukudla okuthengiswayo kukhethwa njenge-super premium noma okuphelele (kusuka kumikhiqizo yemvelo) yesilwane esisebenzayo.
Kulokhu, kufanele ulandele ngokuqinile imiyalo esephakeji. Uma ukhetha ukudla kwemvelo, yondla inja kuphela ngesisekelo sezincomo zesazi se-canine noma udokotela wezilwane. Uzokwenzela isilwane ukudla okufanele. Sizoklelisa imikhiqizo okufanele isetshenziswe kunoma yikuphi:
- inyama engenamafutha;
- isibindi nokunye okungu-offal;
- imifino nezithelo;
- i-cottage shizi, i-kefir neminye imikhiqizo yobisi evutshiwe;
- iphalishi le-cereal (i-buckwheat, i-millet, ilayisi);
- amaqanda.
Cishe ama-80% wokudla yiqiniso, yinyama. Okunye kubalwa ngeminye imikhiqizo. Wena ngokwakho ungakhetha kuye izithasiselo zamavithamini nezamaminerali, ucabangela inkathi, izici zenja nesimo sempilo yakhe. Imidlwane kufanele bondliwe cishe izikhathi ezine ngosuku, ezingxenyeni ezincane, izinja ezindala zinikezwa ukudla kabili ngosuku. Imvamisa ngemuva kokuhamba.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Lolu hlobo alukhiqizwa eRussia. Uma ufuna umdlwane ongenawo amankentshane, funa amankentshane noma umfuyi onokwethenjelwa eMelika. Khumbula ukuthi lena akuyona inja yesilwane, ayibafanele ngokuphelele abantu abangenalo ulwazi.
Futhi ngaphambi kokuthenga, qiniseka ukuhlola amakhono akho - inja idinga ukuhamba nsuku zonke, imfundo, ukondla okufanele, ukuqeqeshwa. Imidlwane yase-Alapakh Bulldog kuyaqabukela ukuthi ungachithi isikhathi usesha nemali oyithengayo uma ungazizwa ulungele isilwane esibucayi kangaka.
Uma uthathe umdlwane lapho bekuvele kunezinye izilwane endlini, uzozijwayela futhi enze ubungani nazo. Kepha uma ikhula, bhekisisa "ingane", iseyisilwi, hhayi ithoyizi eliphambili. Uphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-12-15.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
I-Alapakh Bulldog ingahlala endlini yangasese noma efulethini ledolobha. Kuphela asikukhuthazi ukuthi uyiqale efulethini elincane - uhlobo luvame ukukhuluphala, isilwane sizoba yindlala, singabi nandaba futhi singagula. Udinga ukuhamba kakhulu, kokubili endlini nasesitaladini.
Thola ukuhamba okude njalo nokuzivocavoca umzimba. Indawo ekahle yokuboshwa yiveranda endlini enendawo yokungena. Kumele azi ukuthi noma ngasiphi isikhathi angambona umnikazi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inhliziyo yakhe yenja izocasulwa usizi.
Ukulungisa inja kulula - kanye noma kabili ngesonto, isule ngethawula elimanzi noma ngesandla sakho nje ukuqoqa izinwele ezikhululekile. Ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, ungathatha i-mitten enzima futhi uhlanganise noboya bakhe. Kokubili kuyasiza futhi kumnandi. Kuyaqabukela beyigeza, kanye ezinyangeni ezi-2-3 kwanele.
Bheka isimo samehlo akho, izindlebe namazinyo akho. Konke kufanele kucutshungulwe ngezikhathi ezithile: amehlo nsuku zonke, izindlebe kanye ngesonto, amazinyo - kanye ezinsukwini eziyishumi. Sika izinzipho zakho njengoba ukhula. Futhi-ke, vakashela udokotela wezilwane wakho njalo ukuthola ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa kobuhle.
Akuvunyelwe neze ukugcina inja iketangeni. Angaba nenkinga yengqondo nokuphazamiseka kwemizwa. Ama-Alapahs ngokuvamile ayizinja ezinempilo impela, kepha ezinye izifo zofuzo kwesinye isikhathi zenzeka:
- Ukusabela okweqile. Ama-bulldogs amhlophe avame ukubanjwa, izimpawu zivela ngesimo se-dermatitis.
- Ukuphenduka kwekhulu leminyaka. Kulokhu, ijwabu leso liphendukela ngaphandle noma ngaphakathi, kubhekwa njenge-pathology eyingozi emehlweni. Ukusebenza kuyadingeka.
- I-dysplasia yendololwane noma yamajoyini we-hip. Ilunga alithuthuki kahle, lokhu kuholela ekukhubazekeni, bese kuba ukungakwazi ukuhambisa le paw. Ukubona izimpawu zokuqala, thintana nodokotela wezilwane ngokushesha. Lokhu kwelashwa kusenesikhathi.
- Izifo zenhliziyo. Hhayi izakhi zofuzo, kepha kungadalwa ukukhuluphala ngokweqile.
Ukuqeqesha
I-Alldakh bulldog yangempela inenkani ngokwanele. Uma ethathe isinqumo, akakwazi ukuncengwa, qiniseka ukuthi uzofinyelela enhlosweni yakhe. Yingakho inja enjalo idinga ukuqeqeshwa isencane. Umfuyi ongenalwazi cishe ngeke akwazi ukubhekana nalesi silwane.
Sikukwazisa ukuthi uxhumane ngokushesha nomqeqeshi oqeqeshiwe. Inja kumele nakanjani ikwenze kucace ukuthi ngubani "umholi wepakethe." Ngaphandle kwalokho, uzozibona ekule ndima, futhi awusoze wabhekana naye. Ubuntu be-Alapakh Bulldog kufanele uzakhe.
Ngokukhuliswa okulungile, lena yinja elinganiselayo futhi eqondisiwe. Akanandaba namakati, ezihlotsheni zakhe nakwezinye izilwane. Kodwa-ke, ungakhohlwa ukuthi unemizwelo yokuzingela, izilwane ezincane kuye zingaba yisisulu. Futhi ukusabela kwe-Alapakh, yize kunamandla, kuyashesha kakhulu, futhi ijubane liphezulu.
Izifundo zokuzingela nokugada azimfanele, njengezinye izinja. Lo mfundi udinga "izifundo zokulalela". Kuyadingeka ukuthi alalele imiyalo, alalele futhi acoceke endlini. Izisekelo eziyisisekelo zokuqeqeshwa kufanele ziphothulwe kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Lapho-ke amakhono akhe "aqinisiwe", futhi ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala yezinyanga eziyi-12, ukufundiswa kabusha kwabanenkani ngeke kwenzeke, uzojwayela ukwenza lokho akufunayo.
Gwema ukuthuthukisa intukuthelo nokuzijabulisa kuye. Uma uhlela ukuba nezinye izinja, qaphela, i-alapah ingasungula ubukhulu bayo. Ukulwa phakathi kwezilwane kungagwenywa kuphela uma uba ngumholi ongenakuphikiswa wazo zonke izilwane ezifuywayo.
Intengo
Sesivele sishilo ukuthi lolu hlobo aluvamile, ngisho naseMelika (izwe elikhiqizayo) akunamakhanda angaba ngu-200. Intengo ye-Alapakh Bulldog umdlwane ubalwa kusuka ku- $ 800 kuya phezulu, kuya ngama-athikili awo.
Ithemba eliyinhloko ukuthi unembeza unjani. Ngakho-ke hlola yonke imibhalo. Kungcono uma uchwepheshe akusiza ekuthengeni. I-amateur ngeke ikwazi ukuhlukanisa le nja ne-American Bulldog, ngokwesibonelo.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Kusukela ngoMashi 2019, i-Alapakh Bulldog ibisohlwini loMnyango Wezangaphakathi njengohlobo lwezinja olungaba yingozi. Yingakho, lapho uthenga isilwane, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucacisa uzalo lwaso futhi ngokweqile ukungafaki ubudlova kuso lapho sikhulisa. Ngisho nendoda esikhulile ayikwazi ukubhekana nemihlathi yayo eqinile. Bathi ngokulunywa okunjalo - "bamba isicupho."
- Le nja enamandla futhi enamandla inomphefumulo osengozini kakhulu. Kufanele ahlale azi zonke izindaba zakho, akuphelezele yonke indawo, abe yilungu lomndeni langempela. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho i-alapah iyojabula ngempela.
- Kukhona umbono wokuthi ama-bulldogs e-Alapakh akhiqizwa avela eMelika. Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, lapho uBuck Lane eqala uhlelo lwakhe lokuzalela izinja ezinjalo, akekho owayazi ngama-American Bulldogs. Avele kuphela engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19.
- Le nja yathola igama elithi "Alapakhsky" kuphela ngo-1979. Leli gama walinikwa ngumzukulu womfuyi wokuqala, uLana Lu Lane, ngemuva kwegama loMfula i-Alapaha, ogeleza eduze kwempahla yabo.
