I-hedgehog yehlathi iya ngokuya iba yisilwane sabathandi abangaphandle. Injabulo yokuhlangana nesilwane esihle, ohlala emadlelweni notshani, ngifuna ukunweba ngokukhoselisa isilwane esinameva. Kepha indlu hedgehog akulula kangako ukunakekela. Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo ngokusungulwa kwesidalwa sasebusuku, udinga ukukala okuhle nokubi, ukuze uqaphele umthwalo wempilo encane yesilwane.
Uhlobo luni lwe-hedgehog elifanele ukugcinwa ekhaya
Abantu abaningi, okungenani kanye, mhlawumbe babenesifiso sokuthatha i-hedgehog yehlathi, bayilethe endlini, bashiye isilwane njengesilwane esifuywayo. Kodwa ngisho nokuhlala isikhashana kwesivakashi sehlathi kudala izinkinga eziningi: ukusebenza ebusuku, ukungathandi ukuxhumana, imikhuba yokudla. Imizamo yokuthatha isilwane ingaholela ekulunyweni okukhulu.
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi kuzokwazi ukuguqula isilwane esidala esikhule sakhululeka ekuthunjweni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-hedgehogs asendle athwala izifo eziyingozi (amarabi, i-leptospirosis, i-helminthiasis, njll.), Ngakho-ke ingozi yangempela yokutheleleka ngamagciwane kanye nama-bacteria imisa abaningi ekuthatheni isinyathelo sokuqubuka.
Indaba ehluke ngokuphelele ukuthenga isilwane enkulisa efakazelwe, isitolo sezilwane ezikhethekile. Ama-hedgehogs aphilile avela kubazali abafuyisiwe, abanofuzo oluhle kusukela ekuzalweni, ahloselwe ekuxhumaneni nabantu.
Ukuxhumana okujwayelekile nomuntu, i-hedgehog idinga ukuxhumana njalo naye
Isizukulwane esithunjiwe se-hedgehogs asibesabi nakancane abantu. Umsebenzi womthengi ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lwe-hedgehog yomphefumulo nendlela yokuphila. Uma i-hedgehog ejwayelekile yasendle esenkingeni ithathwa, kufanele nakanjani ukhombise isilwane kudokotela wezilwane.
Ngesikhathi sokunakekelwa, ukondliwa, ukwelashwa, kufanele ulandele ngokuqinile izincomo zochwepheshe, qaphela ekubhekaneni nomzingeli omncane. Ihlathi lehlathi ekhaya akufanele kube ithoyizi ezandleni zengane, ukulunywa isilwane kubuhlungu, kuyingozi nemiphumela. Ababelethi banikela ngokugcinwa kwekhaya lohlobo lwama-hedgehogs:
- i-eared - ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokuncipha kwabo. Ukuzivikela okuqinile kwehlukanisa zonke izinhlobo: i-Indian, ikhola, i-Ethiopia, inaliti emnyama, i-head-bellied;
- I-Eurasian - isakazeke kakhulu ngenxa yokuzivumelanisa ngempumelelo nezimo zezulu zaseRussia. Bakhetha ama-subspecies we-East European, European, Amur hedgehogs. Kubanikazi abangenalwazi lwezilwane ezifuywayo ezinameva, zifaneleke kangcono, ngoba izilwane zine-omnivorous, azithobeki kokuqukethwe;
- i-steppe - engavamile ukutholwa, ngoba ukufunwa okuphezulu kuhlotshaniswa nobuningi bezilwane ukuhola indlela yokuphila yansuku zonke, kulula ukuyakha kabusha. Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi iDaurian, izinhlobo zamaShayina zingama-hedgehogs e-thermophilic, akhetha izinga eliphansi lomswakama womoya;
- I-Afrika - ethandwa kakhulu ukugcina izilwane ezifuywayo ngenxa yokuzalaniswa okukhethekile kohlobo lwasekhaya. Izilwane ziyancipha, isilwane singena kalula entendeni yesandla sakho.
I-African hedgehog - isilwane esihlanzekile kakhulu nesine-thermophilic, esingashintshelwa ezimweni zasendle. Isilwane esicwebezelayo sino-16-20 cm ubude kuphela, isisindo saso asikho ngaphezu kwama-500 g. Izinaliti ze-pygmy hedgehog, ngokungafani nezinhlobo ezihlobene, azibukhali kangako futhi ziqinile.
Isilwane esifuywayo asilali ebusuku, sihamba kancane ebusuku, asenzi msindo omkhulu njengezihlobo zaso. Zonke izinhlobo ezingaphansi komhlaba - iSomalia, i-Algeria, iWhite-bellied, iNingizimu Afrika - zizwela kakhulu ku-microclimate yasendlini. Kubalulekile ukugcina ukushisa okungama-22-25 ° C ukuze baphile ngokunethezeka. Ukupholisa ngaphansi kwe-15 ° C kubalulekile kuma-hedgehogs entekenteke - izilwane ezilala ubusika, kungenzeka zingavuki.
I-hedgehog yase-Afrika inobuntu obunobungane futhi obuphumayo.
I-hedgehog eyenziwe ekhaya, encane okhiqizelwe izinketho zombala ezahlukahlukene:
- "Usawoti kanye nopelepele" - imaski emnyama, ikhala, amehlo, izinaliti eziningi. Amabala amnyama esiswini esikhanyayo;
- grey - inhlanganisela yemibala ekhanyayo nemnyama mpunga, amehlo amnyama, impumulo, amabala emilenzeni nasesiswini;
- nsundu - inhlanganisela yemibala yesikhumba, izinaliti kusuka ku-grey-pink kuya kushokoledi. Amehlo amnyama anokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka;
- "I-Champagne" umbala okhanyayo we-beige wombala ofanayo. Isifihla-buso asivezwanga. Amehlo kaRuby. Impumulo ibomvana;
- "I-Cinacote" - izinaliti ezikhanyayo ezikhanyayo zihambisana ne-beige ephaphathekile. Ikhala elibomvana limbozwe ama-specks ansundu. Isikhumba ngemuva, izindlebe naso sibomvana;
- "I-Cinnamon" umbala omnyama ofanayo onsundu nekhala elibomvana. Amehlo amnyama noma i-ruby.
Kunezilwane ezingama-albino ezinesembozo esimhlophe esifana nenaliti, amehlo abomvu, nesikhumba esiphinki. Ama-hedgehogs amancane anothando kakhulu, alula. Abanye abanikazi bafundisa izilwane ukuphendula igama lesidlaliso, ukulandela imiyalo elula. Okunamathiselwe kumuntu kuphakeme kakhulu.
Ungayondla kanjani i-hedgehog yesilwane
Ezincwadini nakopopayi, ama-hedgehogs avame ukuphatha ukuphatha izikhonkwane nezinaliti. Kepha ezilwaneni zasendle, isithelo singathola indawo engemuva kwesilwane kuphela ngemuva kwezinqubo zenhlanzeko - ama-hedgehogs agingqika ngaphansi kwezihlahla zama-apula asendle ukuze ijusi lezithelo ezimuncu libhubhise izimuncagazi esikhunjeni. Ukudla kufaka ikakhulukazi ukudla kwezilwane, ingxenye eyodwa kuphela kwezintathu imifino nezithelo.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, izilwane zizingela izintethe, iminenke, amaphela, izikelemu, amacimbi, izibankwa, amasele, namagundane. Emanzini angajulile, izidalwa ezinameva zibamba gazinga, izinhlanzi ezincane. Ukwehlukaniswa kwesilwane nakho kubonakala ezimweni zasekhaya, kepha ngombandela owodwa - ukudla kufanele kube okusha, mhlawumbe kuphile.
Kunconywa ukondla i-hedgehog izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngosuku. Ingxenye akufanele yeqe ama-50 g wokuphakelayo, yize i-hedgehog izodla noma yini enikelwayo. Imvamisa, kusala kuphela ukudla okungasifanele isilwane. Ukwenqaba ukudla, ukungathandi ukudla kubonisa izinkinga zempilo yezilwane ezifuywayo, ukuvakashelwa kudokotela wezilwane kuyadingeka.
Uma kungeniswa endlini i-hedgehog encane, iminyaka yayo iyizinsuku ezimbalwa nje, khona-ke ingane ingafakwa ifomula losana, futhi lapho ingekho ubisi buhlanjululwe ngamanzi afudumele. Ingxube ifakwa ngamapayipi njalo emahoreni ama-2-3, ngemuva kwalokho isisu sengane sibhucungwa kancane ukwenza ngcono ukugaya. Lapho unenyanga eyodwa ubudala, ukudla kwesilwane kufuyiswa okusanhlamvu, inyama emuncu egingqwe nge-grinder yenyama, iqanda elibilisiwe.
Lapho i-hedgehog yasekhaya izuza isisindo esingu-250-300 g, ubisi luyasuswa ekudleni kwakhe, ngoba ukumuncwa kwe-lactose kuba yinkinga. Ngamanani amancane unganikeza i-kefir, ubisi olubilisiwe olubilisiwe, i-cottage shizi. I-2/3 yokudla kufanele ichotswe izinkukhu, inyama yenkomo, isibindi esibilisiwe, okuphakelayo okubukhoma okukhethekile okuvela esitolo sezilwane. Indawo ekhethekile inikezwa izinhlanzi, ezibaluleke kakhulu ekukhuleni okulungile kwesilwane.
Ngaphambi kokuphaka, inyama egayiwe inconywa ukuthi ibhunywe ngamanzi abilayo, ahlanganiswe nelayisi, i-buckwheat. Izinkinga ungayondla kanjani i-hedgehog yasekhaya, akuveli. Ngisho nokudla kwezinkukhu, okufanele kuhlanganiswe neqanda elibilisiwe, kuzosebenza. Izithasiselo zikavithamini ezinjengezaqathe ezigayiwe, izingcezu zezithelo, imifino zibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni we-hedgehog.
Amajusi amasha ahlanjululwe ngamanzi anganikelwa ngamanani alinganiselwe. Kungcono ukumanzisa isinkwa, abaqhekezi abachotshoziwe nabo. Ukudla okwanele kuqinisekisa impilo esebenzayo, enempilo yesilwane esifuywayo, inika amandla, futhi idale isimo esihle sokuxhumana namalungu omndeni.
Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa kwe-hedgehog yasekhaya
Abanikazi bama-hedgehogs asekhaya kufanele bakhumbule ukuthi kusebusuku lapho izilwane ezifuywayo zezinhlobo eziningi zizovuka, zigxumeke ngenkuthalo futhi zenze umsindo. Balala kakhulu emini. Ebusika, ama-hedgehogs alala amasonto ambalwa. Okuhlukile ngamahedgehogs amancane, angaguquguquki endaweni yawo yemvelo. Ungalungisa kancane umsebenzi wesilwane ngokondla kuphela ngesikhathi sasemini.
Udinga ukukhokhela isilwane sakho emgodini ovulekile noma uthango ekhoneni elifihlekile egumbini. Indawo ekhethiwe akufanele ifinyeleleke kuzinhlaka, ilanga eliqondile. Kuma-hedgehogs amancane, ikakhulukazi e-Afrika, imitha eyisikwele eyi-1 yanele, inqobo nje uma kwesinye isikhathi ezungeza igumbi. Uma kungalindelekile ukuhamba, lapho-ke indawo yokuhlala kwesilwane idinga ukuphindwa kabili.
Akunakwenzeka neze ukwengeza umbhangqwana ku-hedgehog. Izilwane azihlali ndawonye - emindenini noma emaqenjini. Ama-hedgehogs azelwe asuswa kunina ngemuva kwenyanga, ngemuva kwalokho awaphambani. Ukuvela kwesilwane sesibili ezimweni ezinqunyelwe zokuthunjwa kuholela ekulimaleni, ekufeni kwesinye sezilwane.
Esizalweni, i-pallet ephakeme iyadingeka, ngoba i-hedgehog ithanda ukumba udoti - i-sawdust, utshani obuvela phansi buzohlakazeka nxazonke. Ekhejini, udinga ukufaka indlu yokukhosela isilwane (zenzele noma usithenge esitolo sezilwane). Ukuvimbela ikheji, utshani, utshani, uthuli lwesaha, amaqabunga omile, umnikazi uqobo uzodlulisela endlini yakhe eyimfihlo.
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi i-hedgehog iyisilwane esidla ezinye futhi ihola indlela yokuphila yasebusuku esebenzayo
Ukudla kungabekwa ngqo emphemeni, ngakho i-hedgehog izohlala inokuthile ekwenzayo. Amanzi akufanele athelwe esosweni, ngoba isilwane sizogumbuqela noma yisiphi isiqukathi esinezidladla zaso. Kungcono ukusebenzisa isiphuzo segundane esixhunywe ngaphandle. Ukuhlanza ekhaya le-hedgehog kufanele kwenziwe njengoba kudingeka.
Njengomthetho, izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto zanele. Isilwane sasekhaya asikwamukeli ukuhlaselwa kwempahla yakhe, ngakho-ke angakhombisa ukungenami, alume isandla. Kuma-hedgehogs ase-Afrika, isondo eligijimayo livame ukufakwa emakhejini abo, lapho bejabulela khona isikhathi sabo. Ezinye izinhlobo zingase zingakunaki ukuzijabulisa okunjalo.
Ukugcina i-hedgehog yendlu ayenzi ngaphandle kokuxhumana namalungu omndeni. Isidalwa esihle singaphenduka isiqhwaga sangempela uma ungalandeleli isimilo saso ngaphandle kwekheji. Bazokhaliswa yizintambo ezilunyiwe, indawo eklwebhiwe, izinto eziguquliwe, kepha isilwane uqobo singalimaza izidladla zaso, silimale ngenkathi sifunda izinto ezingajwayelekile, sigwinye into engahloselwe ukudla.
Ukuxhumana kufanele kulawulwe futhi kuvikeleke. Kwesinye isikhathi isilwane singagezwa uma kunesidingo sokuhlanza ijazi loboya olunameva, isisu sesilwane. I-Hedgehog ekhaya izophila isikhathi eside uma ivikelwe kuma-parasites, imikhaza, kanye nazo zonke izinhlobo zezifo. Ukulala ubusika kuma-hedgehogs asekhaya kufushane kunemvelo yemvelo, ngoba asikho isidingo somzimba sokugcina impilo ezimweni ezibandayo ezingezinhle.
Isilwane siyilungiselela kusengaphambili. Ngaphambi kokulala ubuthongo, ukudla kwesilwane kuyakhuphuka - amafutha ayadingeka esikhathini sokuphumula. Izinga lokushisa komzimba wesilwane liyancipha, ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyehla. Akufanele uphazamise isilwane ngalesi sikhathi, ngoba umzimba uthambekele ekucindezelekeni, ikakhulukazi osengozini. Kungcono ukuhambisa ikheji endaweni epholile futhi ethule. Ungaphuma ebuthongweni ngokuvikela i-hedgehog ngokubeka ibhodlela lamanzi ashisayo lisongwe ngethawula eceleni kwalo.
Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani i-hedgehog yendlu
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, ubude bempilo ye-hedgehog buyiminyaka emi-3-5. Ukuba khona kwezitha zemvelo, indlala, inani elikhulu lezifo kuthinta impilo yezilwane zasendle. Akubona bonke abantu abathola ubuthongo basebusika lapho izinqolobane zabo ezibalulekile seziphelile. Uma uletha ikhaya le-hedgehog ekhaya, akunakwenzeka ukuthi azoba yisibindi eside ngenxa yengcindezi, isixha sezifo ezitholakele.
Izingane ezizalwe ekuthunjweni ziphilile kusukela ezinsukwini zokuqala zokuphila. Ukunakekelwa okufanele, ukuqondiswa kodokotela bezilwane, ukudla okunomsoco, ukudala indawo enethezekile kuqinisekisa ukuhlala isikhathi eside kwezilwane ezifuywayo eduze komuntu.
Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani i-hedgehog yendlu ekuthunjweni, kuncike engxenyeni yohlobo lwe-spiny predator. Kuye kwaqashelwa ukuthi ama-steppe (amaShayina), ama-hedgehogs ase-Afrika aqinile kakhulu. Ekhaya, isikhathi sabo sokuphila siyiminyaka eyi-10-12. Umnikazi werekhodi wayengu-hedgehog oneminyaka engu-16 ubudala.
Ungabunquma kanjani ubulili, ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-hedgehog
Kungcono ukunquma ubulili besilwane ezinganeni ezikhulile ezingaphezu kwezinsuku ezinhlanu ubudala, ukuze ungaphazami. Udinga ukubheka isisu se-hedgehog. Izitho zangasese zabesifazane zitholakala eduze kwendunu, isitho sangasese sowesilisa omncane sitholakala cishe maphakathi nesisu, lapho isilwane sikhula, sigudlukela ezansi.
Uma ehlobo kuba nesidingo sokuthatha isilwane siye naso ehlathini, khona-ke kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi owesifazane kufanele abe nenzalo eduzane. Ngaphandle kwe-hedgehog, izingane zizobulawa amakhaza nendlala. Ukungabi khona kowesilisa ngeke kuyiphazamise ingane leyo. Uma kungenzeka, isilwane kufanele sibuyiselwe endaweni efanayo lapho umhlangano wokuqala waba khona.
Inzalo yokuqala evela kwi-hedgehog yasekhaya kufanele itholakale lapho iminyaka yayo ingaphansi konyaka, kepha ngaphezulu kwezinyanga ezinhlanu. Kungcono ukhethe owesilisa oneminyaka yobudala obuphakathi. Ukukhwelana akuvunyelwe ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezi-2 ngonyaka. Izithandani zitshalwe ehokweni elilodwa, izitsha eziphindwe kabili, izindlu zokugwema izimpi. Ngisho noma ukuhlangana kabusha kwezilwane kunganakwa, akukhuthazwa ukuzigcina ndawonye isikhathi esingaphezu kwesonto.
Owesifazane ubhekwa inyanga, ngoba akunakwenzeka ngaso sonke isikhathi ukusungula ukukhulelwa. Ukuzala kungathatha izinsuku ezingama-31-35. Ngemuva kokubeletha, umama akumele aphazanyiswe, angadla i-hedgehog ngokwesaba ukuthi umhume utholakele.
Ukuhlukanisa i-hedgehog yesilisa kowesifazane kulula kakhulu.
Izingane zizalwa zingenakuzisiza, zicishe zibe nqunu, kwesinye isikhathi zimbozwe izinaliti ezithambile. Umama uyazondla, uzifudumeza ngemfudumalo yakhe. Emasontweni amabili kamuva, uma i-hedgehog ingaphandle kwendlu, ungathatha ngokucophelela ingane eyodwa kuleyo brood okokuqala. Inzalo izozimela ezinyangeni ezingama-5-7, khona-ke i-hedgehog ingasuswa kunina.
Ubuhle nobubi bokugcina i-hedgehog ekhaya
Ngaphambi kokuthatha i-hedgehog njengesilwane sasekhaya, kufanele ucabangele izici zokuhlala ndawonye kusengaphambili. Uma kukhona izingane ezincane endlini, khona-ke isilwane esithanda ukuthula nokuzola sizohlushwa imidlalo enomsindo, ukunyakaza okungazelelwe, ukubamba, ukungena ngaphakathi ekhoneni elifihlekile lekheji.
Isilwane sikwazi ukuluma isivakashi esingamenyiwe endaweni yaso, okuzobangela ubuhlungu futhi kudale isithiyo ekuxhumaneni nesilwane. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi, ngokungafani namakati athandekayo, i-hedgehog ngeke ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nesigqi sempilo yabanikazi, izophazamisa umsebenzi wayo lapho wonke amalungu omndeni efuna ukulala.
Ukuthambisa isilwane kuthatha isikhathi, isifiso sokuxhumana nsuku zonke, kucatshangelwa izidingo zesilwane. Ukuphendula ukunakwa, ukunakekela isilwane esinameva, i-hedgehog izothokozisa umnikazi ngokuthembela nobungani. Isilwane esiyingqayizivele silungele umuntu onesizungu othola umngane omncane ku-hedgehog ongavusa imizwa eqotho kakhulu kuye.
Ukugcina i-hedgehog ekhaya kunikeza i-aviary enkulu noma ikheji
Intengo
Ungathenga isilwane esinameva esitolo sezilwane, enkulisa. Intengo yeHedgehog kuya ngezici eziningi, kufaka phakathi uhlobo lwesilwane, ubudala, umbala. Ama-hedgehogs ajwayelekile kakhulu - kusuka kuma-ruble ayi-3000. Ama-hedgehogs ase-Afrika angaphandle angabiza ama-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziyi-12-15.
Lapho uthenga, kubalulekile ukuthola isilwane esinempilo ngamehlo acacile, ngaphandle kwesikhumba esishwabanayo, amabala, izigaxa esikhunjeni. Amakhala engane kufanele omile, ngaphandle kwama-crust. Uphawu lwe-hedgehog egulayo yi- "staggering syndrome" lapho uhamba.
Abantu abane-gait yesici, njengomthetho, banezifo eziningana. Isisu sesilwane esiphilile simbozwe ngokulinganayo ngoboya, ngaphandle kwamabala anempandla nokuphazamiseka. Ukutholwa komngani onameva ngokuqinisekile kuzoletha imibala ekhanyayo empilweni ejwayelekile yasekhaya yanoma yimuphi umuntu.
