Inja kaSulimov iyi-Quarteron emangalisayo
Zimbalwa kakhulu izinhlobo zezilwane ezivele ngentando yomuntu. Esinye sezidalwa ezinjalo Inja kaSulimov - i-hybrid yenja yasekhaya kanye nejakalasi. Kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi yiQuarteron, ngenxa yegazi lesine lejakalasi ku-hybrid. Kusetshenziswa amagama athi jackalayka nelithi shalaika, okukhombisa inhlanganisela yempungushe ne-husky. Igama lesidlaliso elithi shabaka liyasetshenziswa.
Ukuvela kweQuarteron kunqunywe yizici eziningana.
- Ukuthuthukiswa kwesayensi ye-odorology.
- Umuzwa ocijile wephunga ezinjeni kanye nomuzwa opholile ophindwe kaningi ezihlotsheni zakhe zasendle.
- Amacala aphindaphindiwe wokuthola inzalo yenja yasekhaya ngempisi, i-coyote namanye ama-canine.
- Amacala obugebengu: ukusabalala kwezidakamizwa nezikhali.
Maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, zonke lezi zinto ezingenhla sezakhiwe. Kwakukhona isinqumo sokudala inja (i-hybrid) ene-supernose. Umsebenzi waqanjwa futhi waqala ukwenziwa ngusosayensi, isazi sezinkanyezi uSulimov Klim Timofeevich. Ngokuqondile, waba umholi kanye nomgqugquzeli wenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yesayensi nenhlangano.
Imiphumela yale nqubo yathakaselwa ngekhulu elidlule. Kepha ukuqinisekiswa okusemthethweni kwemiphumela emihle yomsebenzi kwenzeka ngoDisemba 2018. Iqembu lokuzalwa lafakwa kwirejista yeRussian Federation of Dog Handlers Shalaika - Inja kaSulimov.
I-Aeroflot ingumsunguli walo mcimbi. Abezokuphepha bakwa-Aeroflot kanye nabakwaSheremetyevo Security basebenzisa lezi zinja ngenkuthalo ukuxazulula izinkinga zokusesha esikhumulweni sezindiza, ezindaweni eziseduze nasezindizeni zezindiza.
Incazelo nezici
Impungushe ejwayelekile yaba yilungu lokuqala elizobamba iqhaza ekuhlanganisweni kwe-hybridization. Uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi impungushe yase-Asia. Isilwane sicishe silingane nenja ejwayelekile. Ekubuneni, ubude abudluli ngamasentimitha angama-40-50, isisindo sifinyelela kuma-8-10 kilograms. Ngaphandle ifana nempisi encane. Ngenxa yemilenze ephakeme futhi ayiminyene kakhulu, kubukeka kucishe kube mncane.
Ububanzi bempungushe yase-Asiya busuka e-Indochina buye eBalkan. Muva nje, kube nokwanda kwezindawo zokuhlala ezisenyakatho, kufaka phakathi iKazakhstan kanye nezifunda eziseningizimu neRussia. Ukunwetshwa okuyimpumelelo kwendawo yokuhlala ngokwengxenye kungenxa yokuntuleka kokwesaba izindawo ezi-anthropogenic: amadolobhana, amadolobha, izindawo zezimboni.
Impungushe idla ukudla okuhlukahlukene: kusuka kwesidumbu kuya kwezithelo namajikijolo. Leli qiniso lisikisela ukuthi umuzwa wesilwane wokuhogela awukhethekile; uphendula iphunga lezinto ezinemvelaphi ehlukile.
Umuntu ophakanyiselwe okwesibili i-hybrid kwakungu-husky onyawo lwe-Nenets. Inja yayihlala nabantu isikhathi eside eFar North. Indawo yayo eyinhloko yiNhlonhlo Yamal.
Ukungafinyeleleki kwendawo okuhlala kuyo kwasiza ekulondolozeni ubumsulwa begazi lesilwane. Ukuxhumana nabantu eNyakatho kuthuthukise isimilo esikhethekile. Kukhona ukuzimisela ukubambisana kuye, kepha akukho thando olukhethekile, uthando, olutholakala kwezinye izinja ezifuywayo.
Ngenxa ye-anthropophobia esobala nosayizi ongafanele, iNenets Laika ekuqaleni yawela ne-Wire-haired Fox Terrier. Lezi zinja zinekhono elihle lokufunda, ukuthanda umnikazi, inani elifanele lobudedengu.
Ngokukhethwa okulandelayo, kunqunywe isethi yezimpawu zezinhlamvu ezidingekayo kanye nemingcele yangaphandle. Ama-Metis, atholakala kumakhoba okukhwelana kanye ne-fox terriers, ahambelana nawo ngokuphelele.
Ukuwela ujakalasi ne-laika kwenziwa. I-hybrid eyaba umphumela yaba yisisekelo sokuqhubeka nokuzalaniswa kweQuarteron kaSulimov. Bazuza njengefa zonke izimfanelo ezinhle zohlobo oluhilelekile ekuzaleni. Inja kaSulimov esithombeni ayikhapheli imvelaphi yayo engaphelele futhi ibukeka iphucuzekile.
Kuze kube manje, i-hybrid isalokhu iyi-bastard. Lokho wukuthi, akazange athole ukuqashelwa njengohlobo oluzimele lwezinja, ngaphandle kwezimfanelo zomuntu ngamunye ezihleliwe ezizukulwaneni eziningi.
Izinja zisebenza ngempumelelo emakhazeni nasekushiseni. Ububanzi bokushisa obungu -30 ° C kuye ku-40 ° C buyamukeleka ngokuphelele ku-hybrid. Ama-jackalikes anempilo enhle futhi angasebenza kanzima iminyaka eyi-10-12. Umuzwa wabo wokuhogela ungaphezulu kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinja zokusesha ezaziwayo.
Izinhlobo
Kuze kube manje, iqembu elibhalisiwe kuphela elibhalisiwe, okubandakanya inja eyingqayizivele Sulimov... Lokhu kusho ukuthi inqubo yokuzalanisa isaqhubeka. Kodwa umphumela omuhle wokuhlanganiswa kwenja nojakalasi watholwa.
Abantu kudala benza inzalo enjalo. Imizamo yenziwa ngabazalisi ngabodwa kanye namaqembu ososayensi abavela ezikhungweni ezikhethekile zesayensi. Ngaphezu kwenja yasekhaya, izimpungushe, izimpisi, namanye ama-canine angaba umlingani ongaba khona ekutholeni i-hybrid. Inja yasekhaya ivame ukukhethwa eqenjini lakwaSpitz.
Lapho kuzalaniswa izinhlobo ezingavamile zezinja, ukuhlangana komalusi waseJalimane nempisi kwaba yinto edingekayo. Inzalo yale nyunyana yaba yisisekelo sokudala okungenani ama-hybridi amathathu. Bobathathu badalwa njengezinja zensizakalo.
Impisi uSarlos yazalelwa eHolland. Inqubo yokuzalanisa yaqala ngama-30s wekhulu lamashumi amabili, yaphela ngokwaziwa kohlobo eminyakeni yama-80s yekhulu lamashumi amabili. Umhlobo lo wazalwa njengomhlobo wensizakalo. Kepha ubukhulu bezimpawu zempisi ngesimilo kwenza ukusetshenziswa kwayo kulinganiselwe kakhulu.
Maphakathi nekhulu lamashumi amabili, ukuhlolwa okufanayo kwaqala eCzechoslovakia. Abelusi nezimpisi eziphakeme zaseJalimane, ababanjwa eCarpathians, baba abasunguli bohlobo olusha: i-Wolfdog yaseCzechoslovakian. Umphumela uba yinja eguquguqukayo, eqinile, nenesibindi esebenzisana kahle nabantu. Kwabonwa njengohlobo oluzimele ngo-1999.
E-Italy ngo-1966, kwahlanganiswa ingxubevange yempisi i-Apennine nomalusi waseJalimane wegazi elimsulwa. ILupo yase-Italy yakhuliswa njengenja yokusebenza. Manje edolobheni laseCumyan (esifundazweni sasePiedmont) kukhona indawo yokuzalanisa umbuso. Izinja zikhombise uhlangothi lwazo oluhle ekutholeni abantu emfucumfucwini ngemuva kwama-avalanches nokuzamazama komhlaba.
Ukuthanda izwe Uhlobo lweSulimov - inhlanganisela yempungushe ne-husky kuzimpawu eziningi idlula inzalo yomalusi waseJalimane nempisi, futhi ekuxazululeni izinkinga zokusesha ayinakulingana.
Imizamo yokwakha ama-hybrids ama-canines angenamathambo nezinja ezifuywayo iyaqhubeka. Kwesinye isikhathi lokhu kwenzeka kuphambene nentando yomuntu, ezimweni zemvelo. Kepha ukuhlolwa okunjalo kwemvelo akunikezi imiphumela ezinzile.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
Izinja zabantu abadala futhi imidlwane yenja uSulimov zigcinwa ngokuhambisana nemithetho esebenza ezindlini zezinja zezinsizakalo. Inja ihlala endaweni ebiyelwe, enengxenye evaliwe nokuhambahamba.
Ingxenye evaliwe - ikhabini - igumbi elinendawo engama-4 sq. amamitha anephansi lamapulangwe nomgodi. Izindonga ezingemuva neziseceleni kwendlela yokuhamba ngezinkuni noma ngezitini. Udonga lokugcina lumbozwe ngenetha. Izindiza eziningana zihlanganiswe zaba yisigaba ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa.
Imidlwane igcinwa endaweni ebiyelwe nonina cishe izinsuku ezingama-45. Esimweni ngasinye, ukulunyulwa kumama kunqunywa ngqo ngudokotela wezifo zomzimba nodokotela wezilwane. Indawo okuvalelwe kuyo inika inja ukuphumula okuhle, ingafaki umsindo omkhulu, iphunga elinamandla elingaphandle, ukudlidliza nokunye ukucasula.
Ngaphezu kokulungiswa okufanele ezindaweni ezivalekile, ukusebenza kwezinja kuthonywa: ukuzilungisa, ukuhamba, ukondla, ukwesekwa kwezilwane. Ingxenye elula yokunakekelwa ukuhlanza izindawo ezivalekile kanye nekennel iyonke, le nqubo ifaka phakathi ukubulala amagciwane kanye nokwenziwa kwendawo kube lula, ukushintshwa nokuhlanzwa kombhede wezinja.
Udinga ukuhlanza izinja uqobo. Le nqubo yenziwa nsuku zonke. Ithuluzi elilula lisetshenziselwa ukuhlanza: ikama, ibhulashi nendwangu. Amehlo nezindlebe kusulwa ngendwangu ethambile yendwangu.
Inja iyagezwa kanye njalo emavikini amabili. Ukwenza lokhu, sebenzisa amanzi afudumele nensipho yokuwasha. Ngemuva kokugeza, inja iyasulwa. Izinja zisusa umswakama uqobo ngokwazo ngokunyakaza kwesici okwenziwa ama-canine kuphela. Banomthwalo ikakhulukazi wokuhlanza nokuwasha ngesikhathi se-molting.
Uma usuku lokusebenza kwenja belungasebenzi kakhulu, isilwane siyahamba. Ukuhamba nokunyakaza okukhulu phakathi kwazo kuyadingeka hhayi kuphela ukugcina ukwakheka komzimba, kepha futhi nokugcina ukuxhumana kwengqondo phakathi kwesilwane nomfundisi.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ukudla kwezinja zikaSulimov kucabangela izintandokazi zemvelo zezinhlobo zokuqala: impungushe ne-husky. Impungushe yase-Asia icishe ibe omnivorous, ayideleli izidumbu kanye nemfucumfucu yokudla ezindaweni zokulahla udoti. INenets Laika incamela ukudla okuyimvelaphi yezilwane.
Isidlo esilinganiselayo silungiswa ekhishini endlini yenja yesevisi. Ukudla kwama-tetrapods kuqukethe inyama yemvelo, inhlanzi neminye imikhiqizo yamaprotheni. Imifino ingeziwe. Amavithamini namaminerali asetshenziswa njengezithasiselo ezingeziwe.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
I-hybrid kaSulimov yathuthukiswa futhi isetshenziswa kuphela ngenhloso yokuthola izinto ezingavunyelwe ngephunga. Ngaphezu komqondo ocashile wephunga, umfuyi unesifiso sempilo enhle, ukuzimisela ukubambisana nomuntu, ukuntuleka kokunamathela kumnikazi othile, ukungabi nolaka.
Yonke imisebenzi yokukhiqiza inzalo ye-shalika yenzeka esibayeni sezinja senkonzo ye-Aeroflot. Imidlwane ivela ngenxa yokuhlangana okuhleliwe. Inani lezilwane ezincane ezitholwa minyaka yonke lilinganiselwe kakhulu. Izinja zisebenza ngenkuthalo iminyaka eyi-10-12. Isikhathi sokuphila esiphelele yiminyaka eyi-14. Okuyinkomba enhle yezinja zensizakalo.
Intengo
Izinja zazo zonke izinhlobo zensizakalo zitholakala mahhala. Ngokuya ngozalo lwabazali, izimfanelo zenja uqobo lwayo, ukwanda kohlobo, intengo yesilwane ingabonakala.
Ngisho isilinganiso Intengo yenja Sulimov akumenyezelwe. IShalaika isengathathwa njengesilingo sesayensi esinemiphumela elinganiselwe yokulinganisa. Izindleko zangempela ezimweni ezinjalo kunzima ukuzibala.
Ukuqeqesha
Kusukela ngeminyaka yama-70s yekhulu lamashumi amabili, ukusebenza nge-hybrid yenja kanye nejackal ejwayelekile yase-Asia kwenziwa ngaphansi kwesandla nasezinkulisa zoMnyango Wezangaphakathi. Ekupheleni kwekhulu elidlule, impumelelo yokudala lohlobo ingalahleka.
I-Aeroflot ilondoloze imiphumela futhi yenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuqhubeka nokuhlolwa kwesayensi nokusebenziseka komphathi wezinja uK. Sulimov. Kusukela ngo-2001, zonke izilwane zigcinwa futhi ziqeqeshwe enkulisa ephethwe abezokuphepha bakwa-Aeroflot.
Umsebenzi wokuqeqesha ama-jackal-dog hybrids wehluke kakhulu ekuqeqesheni izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zensizakalo. Impumelelo yoqeqesho inqunywa yizimfanelo zenja ngazinye, hhayi izakhiwo zohlobo lonke.
Ukuqeqeshwa kuqala eneminyaka engu-2-3 izinyanga. Isisusa esinamandla salolu hlobo ukuvunywa nge-nibble. Izimo ezibekiwe eziseQuarteron zakhiwa ngokushesha futhi zilungiswa ngokushesha. Lokhu kusebenza hhayi kuphela kumakhono awusizo, kepha futhi nemikhuba emibi. Kunzima ukulungisa amaphutha okuqeqesha.
Izinhlamvu zikaSulimov ziyizilwane zokuxhumana. Zihlukaniswa ngokungabikho ngokuphelele kwezinhloso ezinolaka eziya kumqeqeshi. Kunemizamo yokucacisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu.
Ekugcineni, imiphumela yoqeqesho ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwabagibeli nabasebenzi kwezokuthutha, ukulwa ngempumelelo nokuthuthwa kwezinto ezingekho emthethweni, kubandakanya nezidakamizwa.
