Incazelo nezici
Phakathi kwabamele umbuso wezilwane weplanethi, kunezinhlobo zezilwane ezingavamile kangangokuthi ososayensi abaqondi ngisho ngokushesha ukuthi bangazihlukanisa kanjani nokuthi izihlobo zabo zingaziqaphela. Lezi zidalwa zifaka phakathi ipanda.
Ngesinye isikhathi kwaqubuka izingxabano ezinkulu phakathi kwezazi zezilwane ukuthola ukuthi imuphi umndeni lesi silwane okufanele kubhekiswe kuwo. Okubuhlungu okungajwayelekile ukuthi lesi silwane esincelisayo esingaqondakali esimbozwe yizinwele ezicwebezelayo.
Futhi ekuqaleni banquma ukuthi lesi silwane sisondelene kakhulu nama-raccoon, ngosayizi kuphela sikhulu kakhulu. Kuliqiniso, kwakukhona labo ababona ku-panda ubudlelwane nezingwe, izingwe nezimpungushe. Kepha izifundo zofuzo zikuphikisile lokhu kucabanga, zaphetha ngokuthi izici ezihlobene kakhulu kulesi silwane esihle zisenamabhere.
Futhi indlela yokuhamba, ikakhulukazi isici sokungalawuleki kwama-pandas, kuqinisekisa leli qiniso kuphela. Ngakho-ke, ekugcineni, babalwa phakathi komndeni wamabhere, becacisa ukuthi izimpawu ezihlukile ku-raccoon zisabonakala kulezi zidalwa.
Kepha kulokhu, imibuzo nezingxoxo mayelana yisiphi isilwane se-panda, ayizange iphele, ngoba izidalwa, ochwepheshe bezilwane ezavuma ukubiza ama-panda amakhulu, zinezihlobo ezincane. Futhi ukuhlukaniswa kwalaba bokugcina kube nzima namanje. Kepha ngaphezulu kwalokho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngokokuqala ngqa emithonjeni yezincwadi, lo mmeleli wezilwane ukhulunywe emaqoqweni asendulo ezinkondlo zaseChina nasemlandweni womlando woMbuso Wasezulwini. Iminyaka yalawo marekhodi ilinganiselwa eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezintathu.
Ngendlela, amaShayina abiza isilo esinje: xiongmao, esihumusha ngokuthi "ikati lebhere". Futhi lesi sidlaliso siyazikhulumela ngokubukeka kwangaphandle kwesilwane nemikhuba yaso.
I-panda enkulu ifinyelela usayizi oyimitha elilodwa nohhafu, kepha uma usayizi womsila ungezwa kubude bawo, obuye bube ngu-12.5 cm, khona-ke umphumela wesilinganiso uzokwanda kancane.
Isisindo sesilwane cishe siyi-160 kg. Umbala woboya balezi zidalwa eziyinqaba, kanye nazo, uhlukile impela. Izinwele zabo zekhanda zimhlophe ngokumangazayo, kepha imibuthano ehlela amehlo abo imnyama.
Izindlebe nomsila zinombala ofanayo, kanye nomugqa emzimbeni, okusikhumbuza ukhololo. Izidladla zazo, ezincane kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nomzimba, nazo zimnyama.
Izandulela zezilwane zihlukaniswa ngemininingwane ethokozisayo yesakhiwo. Banikezwe iminwe eyisithupha. Kepha ngokunembile, kuneminwe emihlanu kuphela, futhi ukwengezwa kuyo kufanele kubhekwe njengokukhula kwamathambo kuphela okumbozwe ngesikhumba.
Futhi lokhu kuguqulwa kuzuzisa kakhulu ekusizeni izilwane zisinde endaweni yazo yemvelo.
Ama-panda amakhulu atholakala kwezinye izifundazwe zaseChina, ikakhulukazi, eShaanxi, eGansu naseSichuan, kanye naseTibet, lapho bethanda khona izindawo zasendle ezigcwele uqalo impilo yabo yonke.
Yingakho izilwane ezinjalo zithole isidlaliso ngoqalo. Isici esishiwo nje sokwakheka kwezidladla sibavumela ukuthi babambe kalula iziqu zezitshalo, ezihlahleni abazithandayo ukufihla.
Babamba ngezitho zabo zangaphambili. Futhi nezidladla ezineminwe eyisithupha ziyazisiza zikhuphuke izihlahla ezinde kakhulu.
Izinhlobo zePanda
Ukuqhubeka nendaba yethu ngezinhlobo ezimbili: ezinkulu nezinkulu zalaba bameleli bezilwane ezimangalisayo, siyaqaphela: naphezu kwemithombo yasendulo lapho zichazwe khona, zaziwa umhlaba wonke esikhathini esingaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule.
Okubuhlungu ukuthi akuvamile, lezi zidalwa ezihlala endaweni enkulu yase-Asia. Izingxoxo ngokuhlukaniswa kwazo nazo ziyinkimbinkimbi ukuthi izinhlobo ezincane zama-pandas zinokwehluka okuningi kakhulu kunaleyo echazwe ngaphambilini, ngakho-ke zenqatshelwa ukubalwa phakathi komndeni webhere.
Kumele sivume: imvelaphi yalezi zidalwa ihlala iyimfihlakalo kuze kube namuhla.
Ipanda elincane lithole nezihlobo eziningi phakathi kwabamele izilwane zomhlaba. Izidalwa ezinjalo kwakungezomndeni we-skunk, raccoon, weasel. Kepha ekugcineni baphoqeleka ukuthi bayeke lo msebenzi.
Ipanda elincane ayifani nanoma ngubani, ngakho-ke ibalwa njengomndeni ozimele we-panaceae ephansi. Futhi ngalezi zilwane ezibalwe ngenhla, ukufana okukude kwesakhiwo nokuziphatha okuqashelwe, kuhlangana emndenini omkhulu we-marten-like.
Kodwa-ke, ama-pandas amancane asenokufana okuningi nomfowabo omkhulu. Ikakhulu, ziyefana lapho kukhona umunwe mbumbulu wesithupha.
Ubukhulu balesi silwane bungamasentimitha angama-55 kuphela. Ipanda elincane liziqhayisa ngomsila omude, opholile, ezimeni ezikhethekile cishe isigamu semitha, umsila. Umzimba wesilwane uvulekile; isifonyo sibukhali, sifushane. Futhi izici zokubukeka yilezi: ikhanda elibanzi, izindlebe ezingunxantathu; izinyawo ziqinile, kodwa zimfushane.
Imibala yalezi zidalwa iyamangaza ngemibala ehlukahlukene egqamile. Umthunzi womzimba ophezulu ubomvu okomlilo, izidalwa ezinjalo ezaqanjwa ngazo ama-panda abomvu... Kepha ngezansi kumnyama ngokubonakalayo. Kungaba mnyama ngokubomvu noma nsundu. Yonke i-gamut yengubo ihlanganiswe kahle yizindawo ezikhanyayo zejazi.
Indawo yokuhlala yalezi zilwane inkulu kuneyezinhlobo zangaphambilini. Kepha okhokho babo babesakazeke yonke indawo, njengoba ucwaningo lubonisa, lubanzi futhi batholakala naseYurophu, kanye naseNyakatho Melika.
Ama-panda amancane anamuhla amile kuphela ezindaweni zase-Asia, imvamisa empumalanga ye-Himalaya. Ngokuqondile: eChina, kwezinye zezifunda zayo; ezindaweni ezimbozwe ngoqalo, izindawo ezisenyakatho-mpumalanga yeNdiya, naseNepal.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Zombili lezi zinhlobo, njengoba sekutholakele, zingabantu base-Asia, futhi indawo eziyithandayo kakhulu amahlathi asezintabeni, lapho kunokudla okwanele khona. Kungakho izilwane zinomlingiswa ohamba kancane futhi ziphila impilo yokuzilibazisa, ezolile, zibandakanyeka kakhulu ekufuneni ukudla nasekukuhlafuneni.
IPanda – isilwane sasebusukuNgakho-ke, ngesikhathi sasemini, lezi zidalwa zizitika ngokuphumula, zicashe emigodini yezihlahla ekahle noma kwezinye izindawo ezithokomele. Ama-pandas amancane alala endaweni ethakazelisa kakhulu: azigoqele ebholeni futhi amboze ikhanda lawo ngomsila omude.
Zombili lezi zinhlobo zezilwane ziyakwazi ukuhamba ezihlahleni ezinobungcweti, futhi phansi zibonakala zingenangqondo ngokuphelele futhi zizizwa zingakhululekile. Ngokubuka kwalezi zici, uma izilwane zisengozini, zizama ukucasha ekuphishekeleni kwesitha ngokugibela ngqo esihlahleni.
Izilwane ezinjalo zidume ngokuhamba kwazo okuhlekisayo futhi zihle ngokwedlulele ngenxa yokuxakaniseka kwazo okuhlekisayo. Ngakho-ke, uma bezithola besezu, bahlala beheha ukunakwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banesimo sokudlala, bathanda ukuba ngabagulayo futhi bahlekise izingane.
Lokhu kuziphatha kujwayelekile ikakhulukazi kubantu abasha. Kulezi zimfanelo, ama-pandas amukelwa ngokusemthethweni njengezidalwa ezisikahle kakhulu emhlabeni. Futhi isihloko esinjalo sokuhlonishwa siphawulwe ngisho naseGuinness Book of Records.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhle balezi zilwane buyaziswa kakhulu ezweni lakubo, eChina. Kuleli zwe, baba yisibonakaliso sikazwelonke. Futhi imithetho kahulumeni iyakwenqabela ukuzingela lezi zilwane. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lesi silinganiso siyaphoqeleka futhi kube nezizathu ezizwakalayo zokwethulwa kwaso.
Iqiniso ngukuthi laba bameleli bezilwane baya ngokuncipha emhlabeni. Ngokwolwazi olutholakalayo, ngasekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, kwakungekho amakhophi angaphezu kwenkulungwane ama-pandas amakhulu emvelweni. Ngakho-ke, ngokubulawa kwalezi zilwane eChina, isigwebo sentambo sanikezwa ngesikhathi esithile.
Ngesihlobo esincane, izinto azidabukisi kangako, kepha izinyathelo ezithuthukisiwe zokuvikela lezi zidalwa zisathathwa. Esinye isizathu sokwehla kwabantu be-panda kwaba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni.
Ngenxa yalokhu, imvelo abajwayele kuyo iyaqhubeka nokuphikelela kuphela ezindaweni ezinomkhawulo zomhlaba. Futhi ngenxa yalokho, izidalwa ezinhle ezinhle zisongelwa ngokuqothulwa ngokuphelele.
Kodwa-ke, yize kunqatshelwe kakhulu, ukuqedwa kwama-pandas kusaqhubeka. Futhi inkinga yokuzingela ngokungemthetho ibonakala ingaphezu kokuba yimbi. Futhi okuheha kakhulu abazingeli ngoboya obuhle balaba bameleli abahle kakhulu futhi abakhangayo bezilwane zomhlaba.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ipanda elikhulu liyisihlobo samabhere. Futhi-ke, ngokwemithetho yemvelo, kufanele kube yisidalwa esidlayo. Kepha kukhona okuhlukile okwanele emithethweni, ikakhulukazi izidalwa ezihlukile zemvelo.
Ngakho-ke, umkhuba wokuhlala ezimeni ezithile kufanele ubhekwe nawo lapha. Khumbula: kuphi panda uhlala... Lezi zidalwa zithanda ukuhlala ezihlahleni zoqalo, ngakho-ke, kucatshangelwa izici zemvelo, sezijwayele futhi zathanda kabi ukudla iziqu nezimpande zalesi sitshalo.
Futhi yisidlo esiyisisekelo nesithandwa kakhulu ekudleni kwabo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, idliwa ngobuningi, ngoba abantu abadala, ngenxa yokukhiqiza okuphansi kokudla okufana noqalo, baphoqeleka ukukudla ngamanani angafika ku-15 kg ngosuku.
Futhi umkhuba onjalo wesikhathi eside wokudla uqalo, ovela kulezi zilwane ezingeni lezakhi zofuzo, umane awukwazi kodwa uthinte ukwakheka komzimba komzimba. Ipanda elikhulu alinakuphila ngaphandle kwalesi sitshalo.
Ngakho-ke, uma kufa amahlathi oqalo, ama-panda nawo ayafa. Kodwa izici zesici sokugaywa kwesilwane esidliwayo zisalondoloziwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, isisu sezilwane ezinjalo asihambelani kahle nasekusebenzeni kahle kwalolu hlobo lokuphakelayo.
Ngakho-ke, lezi zilwane ziphoqeleka ukuthi zengeze njalo imenyu yazo ngezinhlanzi, amaqanda ezinyoni nenyama yazo. Zizingela nezilwane ezincelisayo ezincane.
By the way, lapho usebenzelana nalezi zilwane ezinhle nezihle e-zoo, akufanele ukhohlwe ngemvelo yazo yokudla. Bethonywe ubuhle bezidalwa, abantu bayayeka ukucabanga ukuthi banamandla okukhombisa nolaka futhi.
Ngokuqondene nama-panda amancane, anelisekile ngokudla okufanayo, futhi adla amakhowe. Usuku lonke, badla cishe u-4 kg woqalo, kepha njalo amahlumela amancane anamanzi.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
IPanda – isilwane ngokuzala okuphansi kakhulu. Futhi lokhu, ngeshwa, kungenye yezizathu zokuthi kungani lezi zidalwa ezinhle zasekuqaleni seziyivelakancane kakhulu emhlabeni. Isikhathi sokwenza uthando nokuhlangana okulandelayo kuzo kuvame ukuqala entwasahlobo futhi sithathe kuze kube amasonto amabili.
Futhi isignali eya ekuqaleni kwayo yiphunga elithile elivela ezilwaneni, ukubukeka kwalo okusizwa izinto ezifihliwe yizindlala ezikhethekile.
Ngesikhathi sokuqomisana namasiko wokukhwelana, umuntu angayizwa imisindo ehlukile, enomsindo kakhulu eyenziwe yilaba bameleli bezilwane zase-Asia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, omama be-panda bathwala izingane zabo izinyanga ezinhlanu (noma ngaphezulu ngaphezulu) ezizayo.
Ngasikhathi sinye, izinyane elazalwa ngemuva kwesikhathi esishiwo linosayizi omncane kakhulu. Akasizi ngalutho, akanangumbhalo, akaboni futhi uhamba ze. Kepha ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi umama onethenda akahluleki ekumnakekeleni.
Kuyenzeka kaningi ukuthi kungazalwa ingane eyodwa, kodwa amawele. Kepha kuphela okusinda kakhulu kubo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umama ngokwakhe ukhetha okusemandleni kakhulu, futhi wenqaba ukunaka omunye, amgwebele ukufa.
Isikhathi sokondla ubisi lukamama cishe inyanga eyodwa nohhafu. Kepha izinyane ekugcineni kokuncelisa alishiyi umama isikhathi eside, futhi uyaqhubeka nokufunda kuze kube yilapho ingane ineminyaka emithathu ubudala.
Izinsana zePanda zibonakala ngesifiso esedlulele sokuhamba njalo nokuhlola umhlaba obazungezile, futhi nazo ziyathanda ukudlala nokuzijabulisa. Bakhula njengabantu abavuthiwe ngokobulili cishe eminyakeni emihlanu.
Kepha bathola amandla aphelele okushada kuphela ngemuva kweminyaka emibili. Isikhathi sokuphila salezi zidalwa silinganiswa cishe iminyaka engama-20. Uhulumeni waseChina uchitha izizumbulu zemali minyaka yonke ukuvikela lezi zilwane ezingavamile nezingajwayelekile, ezimenyezelwa ezweni njengomcebo wezwe.
