Izinhlanzi ezidla ezinye ungadli izitshalo kuphela kepha futhi nokudla kwezilwane. Ngamanye amagama, sikhuluma ngezinhlobo ezi-omnivorous. Abanye babo abazingeli nje kuphela abantu abahlala ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Ngendlela encane, ebizwa ngenye indlela ama-karang, ngokwesibonelo, yeqa iphume olwandle, ibambe izinyoni ezindiza ngaphezulu. Oshaka kanye ne-catfish baziwa ngokuhlasela abantu.
Izinhlanzi zasemanzini ezidlayo
Inhlanzi eyikati
Lezi izinhlanzi ezidliwayo zamanzi emelwe izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-10. Iningi lazo liyi-aquarium. Zincane. Kodwa i-catfish ejwayelekile yiyona enkulu kunazo zonke izinhlanzi ezidla imifula... Ekhulwini elidlule, babamba abantu abalinganiselwa kumamitha ama-5 abanesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-400. Ngekhulu lama-21, isisindo esikhulu se-catfish esabanjwa sasingu-180 kilos.
Izinhlanzi ezincane ezidlayo phakathi kwe-catfish - izinhlobo zezingilazi. Emvelweni wemvelo, abamele bayo batholakala eNdiya. Iglass catfish isobala, kuphela ikhanda elingabonakali.
I-pike perch
Kunezinhlobo ezi-5 zazo. Zonke zinomzimba ohlangene nezikali ezinkulu. Ihlanganisa zonke izinhlanzi. Unekhanda elide, elicijile. Icwecwe kancane ngaphezulu. Zonke i-pike-perch zinomphetho obukhali futhi ophakeme emihlane yazo. Yena, njengesiqongo sonke senhlanzi, mpunga-mpunga. Isisu sesilwane simhlophe mpunga.
I-pike perch yizilwane ezinkulu ezidla ezinye, zingadlula imitha ubude. Isisindo senhlanzi cishe singama-20 kilograms.
AmaPiranhas
Izinhlobo ezingama-Piranhas ezingama-50. Zonke izidalwa ezidla inyama zihlala emanzini amasha asezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika. Ubude bama-piranhas abudluli ngamasentimitha angama-50. Ngaphandle, izinhlanzi zihlukaniswa ngumzimba ocekeceke kamuva, isiliva, isikali esimpunga noma esimnyama. Ngemuva okungemnyama, kungaba khona ukumakwa okuphuzi, okubomvu noma okusawolintshi.
Onke ama-piranhas anemihlathi yawo engezansi iqhutshelwa phambili. Amazinyo angunxantathu ayabonakala. Zibukhali futhi zisondelene kakhulu nalezi ezingenhla. Lokhu kunezela amandla okubhubhisa ekulungeni kwezinhlanzi. I-piranha yabantu abadala ichoboza kalula induku enobubanzi obungamasentimitha ama-2.
Pike
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba yishumi zazo ezinemizimba emisha yamanzi. I-Aquitaine pike, etholakala emanzini aseFrance, yatholakala kuphela ngonyaka we-2014. Izinhlobo zase-Italy zahlukaniswa nezinye ngo-2011. I-Amur pike yehlukile esikalini esivamile esincane sesiliva futhi incanyana uqobo.
Kukhona nezinhlanzi ezinemivimbo emnyama ngaphezulu kwamehlo. Laba bahlala eMelika futhi abazuzi ngaphezu kwama-4 kilos.
Okukhulu kakhulu emndenini yi-maskinong. Izinhlangothi zaleli piki zimbozwe imivimbo emile. IMaskinong inweba ize ifike kumamitha ama-2, enesisindo cishe samakhilogremu angama-40.
UPike uyinhlanzi edla ezinyeukudlala indima yokuhleleka kwamanzi. Izinhlanzi ezibuthakathaka, ama-amphibians angabokuqala ukuwela emlonyeni wesilwane. Ubuntu buthuthukiswa emndenini. Amapiki amakhulu ngokuzithandela adla amancane.
Intsimbi
Umndeni unezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-100. Cishe ama-40% awo asolwandle noma ama-semi-anadromous. Phakathi kwepherch yamanzi angenasawoti, okuvame kakhulu ipherch perch. Ihlanganiswe nabanye ngemigqa eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ewela ezinhlangothini.
Iphethini ibuthakathaka uma phansi echibini kukhanya. Uma phansi kumnyama, ngokwesibonelo, kunodaka, imivimbo esezinhlangothini zensimbi igcwele umbala.
I-Perch - izinhlanzi ezidla amanzi angenasawotiukuzondla ngefry yalo. Lokhu kuyiqiniso emadamini lapho i-perch ibaluleke kakhulu kwezinye izinhlobo. Ngaphezu kwezinsizwa, izilwane ezindala zidla ezinye izinhlanzi.
Arapaima
Isidalwa esishisayo esihlala emithanjeni yase-Amazon. Ekhanda lenhlanzi elenziwe futhi liyisicaba, kukhona ipuleti lamathambo. Umlomo obanzi we-arapaima usezingeni elifanayo nayo. Umzimba wayo ujiyile, kodwa uyicabalele, ubheke ngasemsileni.
Amaphiko, njengalawo eel, akhule ndawonye. Kodwa-ke, umzimba wenhlanzi uqobo awude kangako. I-Arapaima ibukeka njenge-eel eqoshiwe, efushanisiwe futhi ethosiwe.
I-Arapaima ibeke izikali ezinkulu nezikhulu. Imiswe ngokuqinile, ishaya ngobunono. I-modulus yayo iphindwe kayishumi kunethambo.
I-arapaima idla izinhlanzi ezingezansi, njengoba zizigcina ezansi. Uma umhlaseli entanta phezulu, ingagwinya ngisho nenyoni endiza phezu kwamanzi.
IBurbot
Idla ama-gudgeon, ama-ruffs, ukukhula okuncane kwezinhlanzi ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi izinhlobo zazo. Amadevu ahambayo ekhanda le-burbot aheha inyamazane. Yena uqobo ucasha ngodaka noma ngaphansi kwesikhubekiso, ekucindezelekeni ngezansi. U unamathela ngaphandle njengesibungu. Izinhlanzi zifuna ukuyidla, kodwa ekugcineni, zona uqobo ziyadliwa.
IBurbot ifakiwe ku- amachibi ezinhlanzi ezidla ezinye nemifula. Kukhethwa amadamu anamanzi apholile nahlanzekile. Kukhona ama-burbots afinyelela ubude bamamitha ayi-1.2. Isisindo sezinhlanzi singafinyelela kuma-30 kilos.
Ama-Ruffs
Basolwandle. Emanzini anosawoti, izinhlanzi zomndeni zifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-30 ubude. Izinhlobo ezine zemifula zanda zifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-15. Lo sayizi wanele ukondla izibungu zezinambuzane zasemanzini, amaqanda ezinye izinhlanzi.
Ama-Ruffs athola ukudla ezindaweni ezinamanzi, ezingaphansi kwemizimba yamanzi. Kuliqiniso, lapho abazingeli balinde i-burbot ebondla. Yeka inhlanzi edlayo izoyinqoba impi - umbuzo ongaphendulwa kahle.
I-Guster
Ifana ne-scoundrel, kepha ihola indlela yokuphila yokuthanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-bream yesiliva inezikali zesiliva, kepha ayikho kwi-keel engemuva kwamaphiko.
I-bream yesiliva encane idla i-zooplankton. Ikhula, izinhlanzi zishintshela ekudleni kwezinhlanzi. Basuke kulekelelwa ulwelwe kanye izingxenye kwamanzi emanzini izitshalo yasemhlabeni.
Izinhlanzi ezidlayo zamanzi anosawoti
Moray eels
Lezi izinhlanzi ezidla ezinye zasolwandle kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-200. Izihlobo eziseduze kakhulu ngama-eels. Kodwa-ke, ziyatholakala nasemizimbeni yamanzi amasha. Ngaphandle, ama-moray eel afana nenyoka. Izinhlanzi zomndeni zinwetshiwe, zathanjiswa kancane ezinhlangothini.
Umzimba uthinta ngasemsileni, njenge-leech. Umphetho ngemuva kwenhlanzi usuka ekhanda uye ekugcineni komzimba. Amanye amaphiko awekho. Ubuncane bomzimba we-moray eel ngamasentimitha angama-60. Abamele izinhlobo ezinkulu welula cishe amamitha ama-4, ngenkathi enesisindo esingama-40 kilograms.
Inhloko evulekile ye-moray eel enamehlo amabi nomlomo ovulekile kancane ifakwe imigqa yamazinyo abukhali. Umlomo uvulekele ukuphefumula. Umzimba we-moray eel uvame ukufihlwa emifantwini phakathi kwamatshe nama-coral. Kunzima ukuhambisa ama-gill lapho, akukho ukugeleza komoya-mpilo.
Izinduna
Kunezinhlobo eziyi-180 zazo ezilwandle. Ngokungafani nama-moray eel, ama-eel aqinile. Izidumbu zezihlobo zimbozwe ngamaphethini. Izinduna nazo zinolaka oluncane. UMoray eels kwesinye isikhathi uze ahlasele nabantu. ERoma lasendulo, ngasendleleni, izigqila ezinecala kwesinye isikhathi zaziphonswa echibini elinezinhlanzi zasolwandle.
Zazigcinelwe ukupheka. AmaRoma abheka ukubulawa komhlanga njengesibiliboco.
Njengama-moray eel, ama-eel ahlanganise umsila, amaphiko emuva nangemuva. Kulokhu, kukhona ama-pectorals ahlukene. Bona, njengomzimba wonke we-eel, bagcwele amafinyila. Inhlanzi ayinazikali. Kodwa-ke, ama-moray eels awanazo izingqimba zomzimba.
IBarracuda
Imelwe yizinhlobo ezingama-27. Zibizwa ngokuthi amahlosi olwandle. Igama lesidlaliso lihlotshaniswa nobudlova benhlanzi. Njengama-moray eels, uhlasela ngisho nabantu. Cishe amacala ayikhulu aqoshwa minyaka yonke. Ingxenye yalabo abalimele iyafa ngamanxeba abo. Ngakho-ke, i-barracuda ingaqoshwa ngokuphepha ku- izinhlanzi ezidla kakhulu ulwandle.
Ngaphandle, ibarracuda ifana nepiki, kepha ayinabo ubudlelwano nayo. Umdliwayo wasolwandle ungowenhlanzi efana ne-perch-like-finned fish. Ubude be-barracuda kuyaqabukela budlula imitha. Isisindo esijwayelekile sesilwane singama-10 kilogram.
Kubonakala sengathi umhlaseli walolu hlobo akakwazi ukulimaza umuntu. Kodwa-ke, ama-barracudas afaka izinhlanzi futhi ahlasela ndawonye.
Izinhlanzi zezinhlanzi
Bangabomndeni we-batrakh. Izilwandle ziyikhaya lezinhlobo ezinhlanu zezinhlanzi ezenziwa ngamaza. Leli gama banikwa lona lekhanda elikhulu nelibanzi, njengokungathi, licwecwe ngaphezulu, umlomo obanzi, umhlathi ophansi ophumela phambili, amehlo ayindilinga aphume, njengokungathi isikhumba esimpunga noma esinsundu ngokuluhlaza.
Ubude bezinhlobo zegciwane abudluli ngamasentimitha angama-35. Isikhumba sezinhlanzi, njengaleso samasele avamile, sihamba ze, asinazikali.
Umbala wenhlanzi yamazinyane ungashintsha, uvumelane nemibala yemvelo, ezansi. Kuyenzeka izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezidla ezinye okuyingozi ikakhulukazi. Ungahle ungaboni iselesele emanzini angajulile, nyathela, uthinte. Khonamanjalo, umzimba wenhlanzi unezimila ezinobuthi. Kumuntu, umjovo uyabulala. Kodwa-ke, ukucasuka, ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala endaweni yokungenisa ushevu kuyabonakaliswa.
Ushaka
Zingaphezu kuka-400 zazo ezilwandle nasolwandle. Abamele abanye abedluli ngamasentimitha angama-20 ubude, kanti abanye balula bafinyelela kumamitha angama-20. Isibonelo, i-whale shark.
Ngomqondo ojwayelekile, akusona isilwane esidla inyama, esondla nge-zooplankton. Isidalwa esijwayelekile ushaka omhlophe, ofinyelela kubude obungamamitha ayi-6.
Bonke oshaka banezinto ezifanayo. Lokhu yilawa: uhlaka lwamathambo, ukungabikho kwesibhuku sokubhukuda, umuzwa omuhle kakhulu wephunga, ovumela umuntu ukuba anuke igazi amakhilomitha ama-5-6. Bonke oshaka basenama-gill slits futhi baphefumula umoya-mpilo, banomzimba ovikelekile. Lesi sakamuva simbozwe ngezikali futhi sine-embossed projections.
Inhlanzi yenaliti
Ibuye ibe nezinhlobo zamanzi angenasawoti. Uhlala echibini laseNdiya, eBurma. Njengamanzi amaningi asolwandle, inaliti yamanzi angenasawoti incane, efinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-38 ubude.
Ngalobu ubude, isisindo somzimba sangempela singamakhulu ambalwa amagremu. Kodwa-ke, umzimba wenaliti mncane kakhulu kangangokuba unesisindo esiphindwe kaningana. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanzi azivame ukusetshenziselwa ukudla - kune- "navar" encane.
Izihlobo eziseduze kakhulu ze-needlefish yizindawo zasolwandle. Kodwa-ke, banomgogodla ojwayelekile. Amathambo ezinaliti aluhlaza okotshani. Lokhu akuhlobene nobuthi. Umbala oluhlaza unikezwa yi-biliverdin ye-pigment engenabungozi.
Izinhlanzi zomcibisholo
Kulezi zihlobo ezikude zezinaliti ungathola amafutha aqinile. Abamele abakhulu bohlobo bathola amakhilogremu ayisithupha. Imicibisholo ibalwa ngokuhlelekile phakathi kwe-sargan, okungukuthi, iseduze negazi nezinhlanzi ezindizayo.
Uma izinaliti zingangena kuphela kuma-crustaceans kanye nefry esanda kuzalwa yezinye izinhlanzi ezincane, imicibisholo idla ama-gerbils, i-sprat, i-mackerel gazinga. Badla i-garfish ne-gerbil. Ngendlela, izinaliti nazo zifakiwe ekudleni kwemicibisholo.
Osathane basolwandle
Izithombe zezinhlanzi ezidla ezinye umele cishe izinhlobo eziyi-10 zodeveli. Zonke zibonakala zicindezelwe phansi phezulu, okungukuthi, ziphansi futhi zibanzi. Umzimba uthinta kakhulu ubheke ngasemsileni. Inhloko ithatha izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zokuqala zobude bomugqa. Ngakho-ke, ngokuvamile, umzimba wenhlanzi ufana nonxantathu osakazeke ngaphezulu.
Inhlanzi yomlomo nge-snack. Umhlathi ongezansi ogqamile unamazinyo abukhali. Agobile ngaphakathi emlonyeni. Umhlathi ongaphezulu unokufana. Umlomo uvuleka uvuleke njengenyoka. Lokhu kuvumela osathane ukuthi bagwinye inyamazane enkulu.
Abamele izinhlobo ezinkulu ze-monkfish bafinyelela kumamitha amabili ubude. Kulokhu, cishe isigamu semitha siwela esiqhingini esine-capsule ekhanyayo ekugcineni. Isibani sisebusweni bukaSathane futhi siheha isisulu. USathane uqobo uzifihle ezansi, azingcwabe ngodaka nasesihlabathini.
Isibani kuphela esisele. Ngokushesha nje lapho isisulu sisithinta, usathane uyakugwinya. Ngendlela, amabhaktheriya we-fluorescent ayakhanya.
Inhlanzi eyikati
Lezi izinhlanzi ezinjenge-eel ezihlala olwandle kuphela. Ngokuhlelekile, i-catfish ihlukaniswa njengama-perches. Ukulunywa kwezinhlanzi ezidlayo - iyivelakancane, ngoba isilwane sijulile, sehlela kumamitha ayi-400-1200. Lokhu ngokwengxenye kungenxa yothando lwe-catfish lwamanzi abandayo. Izinga lokushisa kwalo kufanele libe ngaphansi kwama-degree ama-5.
I-catfish ingabhukuda ibheke phezulu kuphela ngokujaha inyamazane. Kodwa-ke, isilwane sayo esidla imfucumfucu ngokuvamile siyithola ijule, izondla nge-jellyfish, izinkalankala, i-starfish, nezinye izinhlanzi.
Isilwane sigubha kuzo ngamatshe abukhali, afana nemimese. Phakathi kwabo kukhona ama-canines abiziwe. Ngakho-ke, i-catfish ibizwa nangokuthi impisi yasolwandle.
Okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Akuhlukaniswanga ngezinhlobonhlobo. Emndenini wama-bluefishes, kukhona uhlobo olulodwa olunohlobo olulodwa lwezinhlanzi ezinjenge-perch. Zingaba ngaphezu kwemitha ubude. Isisindo esiphezulu se-bluefish singama-15 kilos.
Ngemuva komzimba ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, osicaba ohlangothini, kunamaphiko anemisebe ye-cartilaginous. Umphetho womsila wenhlanzi umiswe njengemfoloko. Ukuphuma kwesifuba nesisu nakho kukhona. Bona, njengomzimba wonke ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, badwetshwe okwesibhakabhaka. Inokuhlanganiswa okuluhlaza okotshani. Umhlane umnyama ngokuphindwe kaningi kunesisu.
U-Eel-pout
Ine-subspecies eziningana. Okuvame kakhulu kulezi kuvamile noma kweYurophu. Kukhona ne-American, Eastern eelpout. Ukubamba izinhlanzi ezidla ezinye engathandwa ngenxa yokubukeka okunyanyekayo kwesilwane.
Umzimba ofana ne-eel ombala oluhlaza okotshani umbozwe izikali ezincane. Isikhumba se-eelpout siwugqinsi futhi silukhuni. I-burbot yamanzi ahlanzekile inokubukeka okufanayo.
Njenge-burbot, i-eelpout ithanda amanzi apholile. Ngasikhathi sinye, inhlanzi igcina emanzini angajulile, eduze nogu lolwandle. Amanzi afudumala lapho aqine ngaphezu kokujula. Ngakho-ke, i-eelpout ikhetha izilwandle ezibandayo, zondle ama-mollusk, ama-crustaceans, i-caviar, gazinga.
Izinhlanzi ezidliwayo ze-Anadromous
I-Sturgeon
Njengazo zonke izinhlanzi ezidonsayo, ingxenye yempilo iyabhukuda olwandle, enye ibe semifuleni. Leli qembu lihlanganisa izinhlobo ezingaba ngu-20. Phakathi kwabo: i-kaluga, i-sturgeon yaseSiberia neyaseRussia, ifosholo le-beluga, i-stellate sturgeon, i-sterlet, iva. Zonke zine-cartilaginous, azinamathambo, okukhombisa imvelaphi yasendulo.
Amathambo ama-Sturgeon atholakala ezenzweni zesikhathi seCretaceous. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanzi zaziphila eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-70 edlule.
Ama-sturgeon amakhulu kakhulu abanjwe enesisindo esingama-800 kilograms. Lokhu kungamamitha ayi-8 ubude bomzimba. Indinganiso icishe ibe ngamamitha amabili.
Uhlobo lwenhlanzi
Umndeni umelwe yi-salmon, i-salmon e-pink, i-whitefish, i-coho salmon, inhlanzi emhlophe noma, njengoba ibizwa nangokuthi, nelma. Zifana nezinhlanzi ezimpunga, kepha zinomphetho omfushane ngemuva kwazo. Inemisebe eyi-10-16. Kusuka ku-whitefish, lapho kune-salmon efanayo, lezi zokugcina zihlukaniswa ngombala okhanyayo.
Izinhlanzi ze-salmon zisabalele futhi ziyahlukahluka. Leli gama lokugcina lisho ukuhlukahluka okuhlukile ekubukekeni kohlobo olufanayo, kepha ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke ukudideka kwezigaba.
Igama elilodwa linganikezwa emazweni ahlukene nge-salmon engu-2-3. Kuyenzeka futhi ngenye indlela, lapho uhlobo olulodwa lunamagama angaba yishumi.
Ama-Gobies
Zingeze-oda lama-perchiformes. Kubandakanya izinhlobo zezinhlanzi eziyi-1,359. Cishe abangu-30 babo bahlala emanzini aseRussia. Zonke zingaphansi, zihlala eduze nogu. Kukhona amanzi angenasawoti, ulwandle kanye nama-gobies a-anadromous.
Kodwa-ke, wonke amalungu ohlobo ayabekezelela amanzi anosawoti ohlukile. Kusuka ogwini lolwandle, ama-gobies angena emifuleni egeleza angene kuwo futhi awabuyi njalo. Izinhlobo zamanzi ahlanzekile nazo zingathuthela olwandle ukuze zihlale unomphela. Ngakho-ke, izinkunzi zibizwa ngokuthi ama-semi-anadromous.
Ukudla kwama-gobies kufaka phakathi izibungu ezingezansi, ama-molluscs, ama-crustaceans nezinhlanzi ezincane. Izilwane ezincane kakhulu azidluli ngamasentimitha angu-2,5 ubude. Ama-gobies amakhulu kakhulu akhula aze afike kumasentimitha angama-40.
Bream
Igama lakhe lifakiwe ku- amagama ezinhlanzi ezidla ezinye, ngoba ummeleli wama-cyprinids adla izikelemu zegazi, ama-plankton namanye ama-crustaceans, ama-invertebrate.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-semi-anadromous bream iphila cishe iminyaka eyi-8 kunamanzi angenasawoti. Ikhulu leminyaka elidlule cishe lineminyaka engama-20 ubudala. Kungashiwo okufanayo ngamanye ama-carp semi-anadromous, ngokwesibonelo, i-carp noma i-roach.
Iningi lezinhlanzi ezidla inyama zigxile emanzini afudumele, olwandle asezindaweni ezishisayo. Izinhlobo zezinambuzane zivame kakhulu emizimbeni yamanzi apholile futhi ahlanzekile.
