Njengoba kuhlala ama-6% kuphela omhlaba, ihlathi likhaya lama-50% ezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Eziningi zazo zasendulo, zasendulo. Ukufudumala okungapheli nomswakama wehlathi kubenze bakwazi ukusinda kuze kube yilolu suku.
Imiqhele yezindawo ezishisayo ivalwe ngokuqinile kangangokuba ama-hornbill, i-turaco nama-toucans ahlala lapha cishe asekhohliwe ukuthi angandiza kanjani. Kepha bahle kakhulu ngokugxuma nokukhuphuka emagatsheni. Kulula ukulahleka ezinkingeni zeziqu nezimpande. Uhambo luka-2007 oluya eBorneo lulodwa lunikeze umhlaba izilwane eziyi-123 ebezingaziwa ngaphambili.
Izakhamuzi zaphansi kwehlathi
Udoti ubizwa ngokuthi isigaba esiphansi sezindawo ezishisayo. Amaqabunga awile namagatsha kulele lapha. Izihlahlana ezingenhla zivimba ukukhanya. Ngakho-ke, yi-2% kuphela yenani eliphelele lokukhanya kwelanga elikhanyisa udoti. Lokhu kunciphisa uhlaza. Abameleli bezimbali ababekezelela umthunzi kuphela abasinda kudoti. Ezinye izitshalo zidonselwa ekukhanyeni, ezikhuphukayo zeziqu zemithi njengama-liana.
Kukhona uhlobo oluthile lweLianas phakathi kwezilwane ezingcolile. Eziningi zazo zinkulu futhi zinezintamo ezinde. Lokhu kuvumela, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ukuphuma emathunzini. Bonke abanye abantu besigaba esiphansi sezindawo ezishisayo abadingi ukukhanyisa, kepha bathembele kuphela ekushiseni. Sikhuluma ngezinyoka, amaxoxo, izinambuzane kanye nabahlali bomhlabathi.
UTapir
Kubukeka njengengulube enomboko omude. Eqinisweni, i-tapir iyisihlobo sobhejane namahhashi. Kanye nesiqu, ubude bomzimba wesilwane bungamamitha amabili. Ama-tapir anesisindo esingaba yizikhungo ezi-3 futhi atholakala e-Asia naseMelika.
Ebusuku, izidalwa ezinjengengulube zazifihla. Umbala omnyama nomhlophe wenza ama-tapir angabonakali kudoti omnyama wehlathi, akhanyiswe yinyanga.
Izilwane ezingamahlathi emvula ngathola ikhala elide ukuze ngizifihle ekushiseni nasezilwaneni ezidla ezinye ngaphansi kwamanzi. Lapho kudilika, ama-tapir ashiya ichopho "lomboko" ngaphezulu. Isebenza njengeshubhu lokuphefumula.
UTapir yisilwane sakudala esibukeka njengeminyaka eyinkulungwane edlule, nokuyinto engajwayelekile ezilwaneni
Umqaphi waseCuba
Kumenyezelwe ukuthi akusekho ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-21, lesi silwane saphinde satholakala. I-insectivore iyinhlobo yokuphindaphinda. Ngaphandle, abamele bayo bayinto ephakathi kwe-hedgehog, igundane kanye ne-shrew.
Ukuhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseCuba, i-cracker iyona enkulu kunazo zonke ezidla izinambuzane. Ubude besilwane bungamasentimitha angama-35. I-crack-izinyo isisindo esingaba ikhilogremu.
I-Cassowary
Lezi yizinyoni ezingakwazi ukundiza. Ukuhlonishwa okunobungozi emhlabeni. E-Australia, kusuka ezinqeni ezinamandla namaphiko aqhekekile ama-cassowaries, abantu abangu-1-2 bafa minyaka yonke. Angahlukaniswa kanjani amaphiko enyoni?
Iqiniso ukuthi "imishini" endizayo yama-cassowaries seyenziwe yaba yimisuka enjalo. Emunweni wabo ophakathi kukhona uzipho olubukhali. Ubukhulu namandla ayo kuyesabisa uma ubheka isisindo sale nyoni esingamakhilogremu angu-500 nokuphakama kwamamitha amabili.
Ekhanda le-cassowary kukhona ukuqhuma kwesikhumba okuminyene. Ososayensi abayiqondi injongo yayo. Ngaphandle, isiqu sangaphandle sifana nesigqoko sokuzivikela. Kuphakanyisiwe ukuthi wephula amagatsha lapho inyoni igijima phakathi kwezindawo ezishisayo.
I-cassowary iyinyoni ecasulwa ngokweqile, ifutheka ngaphandle kwesizathu, ihlasela abantu
Okapi
Kutholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika. Ekubonakaleni kwesilwane, izimpawu zendlulamithi kanye nedube zihlanganisiwe. Isakhiwo somzimba nombala kubolekwe kokugcina. Imivimbo emnyama nemhlophe ihlobisa imilenze ye-okapi. Umzimba osele unsundu. Ikhanda nentamo njengendlulamithi. Ngokwe-genome, yisihlobo sakhe u-okapi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, abamele lezi zinhlobo babizwa ngokuthi izindlulamithi zasehlathini.
Intamo ka-okapi imfushane kunaleyo yezindlulamithi ze-savannah. Kodwa isilwane sinolimi olude. Ingamasentimitha angama-35 ubude futhi iluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala. Isitho sivumela i-okapi ukuthi ifinyelele emahlamvu bese ihlanza amehlo nezindlebe.
Igorila laseNtshonalanga
Phakathi kwezinkawu, enkulu kunazo zonke, ihlala ehlathini enkabeni ye-Afrika. I-DNA yezilwane icishe ifane nama-96% njenge-DNA yomuntu. Lokhu kusebenza kuzo zombili gorilla nasezintabeni gorilla. Izindawo ezishisayo zihlala kulezi zamuva. Bayingcosana ngesibalo. Ngokwemvelo, sekusele abantu abangaphansi kwama-700.
Kunezinkulungwane ezingaba yikhulu lama-gorilla ayisicaba. Ezinye izinkulungwane ezine zigcinwa ema-zoo. Awekho ama-gorilla asezintabeni ekuthunjweni.
Ukwazi ukuhamba ngemilenze yabo yangemuva, ama-gorilla akhetha ukuhamba ngasikhathi sinye nge-4 ex. Kulokhu, izilwane zibeka izandla zazo eceleni, zincike ngemuva kweminwe. Izinkawu zidinga ukugcina isikhumba sezintende zazo sinciphile futhi sithambile. Lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze kube nokuzwela okufanele kwamabhulashi, ukukhohlisa okucashile nabo.
Ubhejane waseSumatran
Phakathi kobhejane, ungomncane kunabo bonke. Zimbalwa izilwane ezinkulu ehlathini. Okokuqala, kulula ngezidalwa ezincane ukudlula phakathi kwamahlathi. Okwesibili, ukwehlukahluka kwezinhlobo ezishisayo kufanele kufakwe ezindaweni ezivundile, kepha ezincane.
Phakathi kobhejane, iSumatran nayo iyindala futhi ayivamile kakhulu. Impilo yezilwane ehlathini lemvula kunqunyelwe ezindaweni zeziqhingi zaseBorneo naseSumatra. Lapha obhejane bafinyelela imitha elilodwa nengxenye ukuphakama no-2.5 ubude. Umuntu oyedwa unesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu ayi-1300.
URhino uthatha amajikijolo nezithelo eziwele ezinyonini ezinganaki
Izilwane ze-Underbrush
Umhlonyane ungaphansi nje kukadoti futhi uthola u-5% wemisebe yelanga. Ukuze zizithathe, izitshalo zikhula amapuleti amaqabunga abanzi. Indawo yabo ikuvumela ukuthi uthwebule ukukhanya okuphezulu. Ngokuphakama, abamele izimbali ze-undergrowth abadluli kumamitha amathathu. Ngakho-ke, i-tier uqobo lwayo ilinganayo lokususa uhhafu wemitha ukusuka emhlabathini.
Ziwa phezu kombhede. Izilwane ezingamahlathi emvula esihlahleni esivamisile zivame ukuba naphakathi nendawo, kwesinye isikhathi zibe ngosayizi ophakathi nendawo. I-tier ihlala izilwane ezincelisayo, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo, izinyoni.
I-Jaguar
Uhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseMelika. Isisindo sesilwane singama-80-130 kilograms. EMelika, leli yikati elikhulu kunawo wonke. Umbala womuntu ngamunye uhlukile, njengezigxivizo zeminwe zabantu. Amabala ezikhumba zezilwane eziqhathaniswa nawo aqhathaniswa nawo.
AmaJaguar angabhukudi abakhulu. Emanzini, amakati akhetha ukuhamba, abanjwe izingodo. Emhlabathini, ama-jaguar ahlotshaniswa nezihlahla. Kubo, amakati ahudula inyamazane yawo, ecashe emagatsheni kwabanye abalwela inyama.
IJaguar ingeyesithathu ngobukhulu emakati amakhulu ngemuva kwamabhubesi namahlosi
I-Binturong
Kungumndeni we-civet. Ngaphandle, i-binturong yinto ephakathi kwekati ne-raccoon. Izihlobo zesilwane ziyi-geneta ne-lysangs. Njengabo, i-binturong iyisilwane esidla ezinye. Kodwa-ke, ukubukeka okuthintekayo kususa ukwesaba izilwane.
UBinturong uhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Asia. Iningi labo bonke abantu baseNdiya. Izindawo ezihlukanisayo, amaBinturong amaka izinto zawo ngoketshezi olunuka njengopopayi.
Impumulo yaseNingizimu Melika
Imelela ama-raccoon. Isilwane sinekhala elide futhi elisheshayo. Yena, njengekhanda lesilo, mncane. Igama lezinhlobo zalo lihlotshaniswa nekhala njengesici esihlukile. Ungahlangana nabamele bayo ezindaweni ezishisayo zaseNingizimu Melika.
Lapho, amakhala, afana nezingwe, agqame kakhulu ekukhuphukeni kwezihlahla. Amakhala anemilenze emifushane, kodwa eguquguqukayo futhi ehambayo enezinzipho eziqinile. Ukwakheka kwezitho kuvumela izilwane ukuthi zehle ezihlahleni ziye emuva naphambili.
UNosha ukhwela ezihlahleni ukuze athole izithelo futhi acashe engozini. Uma singekho, isilo asikuthandi ukuhambahamba embhedeni wehlathi. Ligcwele ngezidladla zalo eziminyene, ikhala lithola izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezinambuzane. Njengoba simangalisa, isilwane sidla phezu kwabo.
Ixoxo lesihlahla
Phakathi kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezikhona, amaxoxo anobuthi be-dart yiwona akhanya kakhulu. Vuliwe izithombe zezilwane ezingamahlathi emvula zihlukaniswa ngokufaka imibala kumathoni we-indigo. Kukhona nemibala e-turquoise nemibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ngesizathu, bahlukanisa ixoxo ngokuqhathanisa nemvelo ezungezile, njengehlumela elishisayo.
Amaxoxo ama-Dart awanasidingo sokuzifihla. Phakathi kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo, isilwane sikhiqiza ubuthi obunamandla kakhulu. Abayithinti ixoxo, ngisho noma belibona phambi kwamakhala abo. Imvamisa, izilwane ezidla inyama nabantu bahlasela ubuhle obuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, besaba ubuthi. Umjovo owodwa wesele wanele ukubulala abantu abayishumi. Ayikho ikhambi.
Ubuthi bexoxo eline-poison dart buqukethe izinto eziyi-100 ezingezona ezamaprotheni. Kukholakala ukuthi ixoxo lizithola ngokucubungula izintuthwane ezishisayo elizondlayo. Lapho amaxoxo edada egcinwa ekuthunjweni ngokudla okwehlukile, aba yingozi, angabi nobuthi.
Ukuculwa kwamaxoxo ama-dart akufani neze nokukhala okujwayelekile, kepha kufana kakhulu nemisindo eyenziwe ikhilikithi
I-boa constrictor ejwayelekile
Ifana ne- python, kepha inciphile. I-boa constrictor nayo ayinalo ithambo le-supraorbital. Ukuthola yiziphi izilwane ezihlala ehlathini lemvula, kubalulekile "ukulahla" i-boa constrictor yase-Argentina. Uhlala ezindaweni ezomile nezogwadule. Amanye ama-subspecies ahlala ezindaweni ezishisayo.
Ezinye izinyoka zizingela emanzini. EMelika, lapho imifula namachibi kuhlala ama-anaconda, izikebhe zithola ukudla phansi nasezihlahleni.
I-boa constrictor ejwayelekile ezindaweni ezishisayo imiselela ikati. Izakhamizi zasemakhaya zihlala ehlathini, zizivumela ukuba zihlale ezinqolobaneni nasezinqolobaneni. UBoas ubamba amagundane lapho. Ngakho-ke, inyoka ibhekwa njengengxenye yokufuya ekhaya.
Udrako endizayo
Lesi yisibankwa esinezikhumba eziqhamukayo emaceleni. Zivuleka lapho isilwane sigxuma esihlahleni, njengamaphiko. Azinamathele emilenzeni. Izimbambo ezihambayo, eziqinile zivula amafolda.
Udrako endizayo wehlela embhedeni wehlathi kuphela ukubeka amaqanda. Imvamisa zisuka ku-1 kuye ku-4 ex. Izintwala zingcwaba amaqanda azo emaqabunga awile noma enhlabathini.
Udrako uyakwazi ukutshuza amabanga amade, ngenkathi ehla ngokuthula
Abahlali besihlava samahlathi emvula
Umbhede wetropical ubizwa nangokuthi i-canopy. Iqukethe izihlahla ezinde, ezinamakhasi abanzi. Imiqhele yabo yakha uhlobo lwophahla phezu kukadoti kanye ne-underbrush. Ukuphakama kombhede kungamamitha angama-35-40. Izinyoni eziningi kanye ne-arthropods zicasha emiqhele yezihlahla. Okokugcina ophahleni lwendawo eshisayo kunezinhlobo eziyizigidi ezingama-20. Zimbalwa izilwane ezihuquzelayo, izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla nezilwane ezincelisayo endaweni ephakeme.
I-Kinkajou
Imelela umndeni wama-raccoon. Uhlala kinkajou eMelika. Ezindaweni ezishisayo, isilwane sihlala emiqhele yemithi. I-kinkajou ihamba emagatsheni ayo, ibambelele emsileni wayo omude.
Yize kufana okuncane nokuntuleka kobuhlobo ne-clubfoot, izilwane zibizwa ngamabhere ezihlahla. Imayelana nokudla. UKinkajou uthanda uju. Isilwane siyithola ngosizo lolimi. Ngobude, ifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-13, ikuvumela ukuthi ukhuphukele esidlekeni.
I-Kinkajou kulula ukuyithambisa, yamukelwa kahle futhi ivulwa njalo ekhaya.
Ibhere laseMalay
Phakathi kwamabhere, nguyena kuphela ocishe angaze ehlele emhlabathini, uhlala ezihlahleni. IMalay Clubfoot nayo incane kakhulu esikwatini sayo. Ijazi lebhere lifushane kunelamanye amaPotapychas. Ngaphandle kwalokho, abameleli bezinhlobo zaseMalay abakwazanga ukuhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Asia.
Phakathi kwamabhere, i-Malay Clubfoot inolimi olude kakhulu. Ifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-25. Uzipho lwesilwane nalo lude kakhulu. Yikuphi okunye ukukhuphuka izihlahla?
UJaco
Omunye wamapholi akhaliphe kunabo bonke. Njengongqondongqondo wangempela, uJaco ngokuthobekile "ugqoke". Izimpaphe zale nyoni zimpunga. Umsila kuphela onezimpaphe ezibomvu. Umthunzi wabo awukhanyi, kepha kunalokho yi-cherry. Uyabona le nyoni ehlathini Afrika. Izilwane ezingamahlathi emvula Izwekazi ligcinwe ngempumelelo ekuthunjweni futhi kaningi liba ngamaqhawe ezindaba.
Ngakho-ke, uJaco ogama lakhe linguBaby wase-United States wakhumbula amagama abaphangi abangena endlini yomnikazi wakhe. Izinyoni zinikeze amaphoyisa imininingwane yala masela.
UJaco ufakiwe eGuinness Book of Records, owayazi amagama angama-500 ngezilimi ezahlukene. Inyoni ikhulume ngemisho ebumbene.
UKoata
Iphinde ibizwa ngokuthi isicabucabu inkawu. Lesi silwane sinekhanda elincanyana, umzimba omkhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemvelaphi yaso, nemilenze emide, emincane. Lapho i-koata izelula phakathi kwamagatsha, kubukeka njengesicabucabu esilinde inyamazane. Uboya obumnyama, obucwebezelayo besilwane nabo buyadida, njengokuya phansi emizimbeni ye-arthropods.
I-koata ihlala eNingizimu naseMelika Ephakathi. Ngobude bomzimba wenkawu obungamasentimitha angu-60, ubude bomsila wayo ngamasentimitha angama-90.
AmaKoats kuyaqabukela ehlele phansi, kwesinye isikhathi izinkawu zesicabucabu ziyawa zilimale, ezilaphe ngokushesha
Uthingo lwenkosazana uTain
Inyoni enkulu efinyelela kumasentimitha angama-53 ubude. Ngomlomo wayo omkhulu futhi omude, i-toucan ifinyelela izithelo emagatsheni amancane. Hlala phezu kwazo inyoni, amahlumela ngeke ame. I-toucan isisindo esingaba ngu-400 gram. Umlomo wesilwane unombala oluhlaza okotshani, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, owolintshi, ophuzi, obomvu.
Umzimba ikakhulu umnyama, kepha kunendawo enombala kalamula omkhulu ekhanda ngombala obomvu onqenqemeni entanyeni. Ngisho irises yamehlo we-toucan anemibala, oluluhlaza. Kuyacaca ukuthi kungani lolu hlobo luthiwa uthingo lwenkosazana.
Ukubukeka okumibalabala kwe-toucan kuhlanganiswe nezinhlobonhlobo zezithelo ezishisayo. Kodwa-ke, inyoni nayo ingadla ngokudla kwamaprotheni, ibambe izinambuzane, amaxoxo ezihlahla. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-toucan adla namachwane ezinye izinyoni.
Goldhelmed kalao
Inyoni enkulu kunazo zonke ezindaweni ezishisayo zase-Afrika. Le nyoni inesisindo esilinganiselwa ku-2 kilograms. Lesi silwane siqanjwa ngesigqoko sokuzivikela segolide ngenxa yezimpaphe ezinamathele ekhanda laso. Kubonakala sengathi bakhulisiwe, bakha ukufana kwezikhali kusukela ezikhathini zoMbuso WaseRoma. Umbala wezimpaphe uligolide.
Kukhona isiqeshana sesikhumba esingenalutho entanyeni ye-kalao. I-saggy kancane futhi ishwabene, njengenqe noma i-turkey. I-kalao nayo ihlukaniswa uqhwaku lwayo olukhulu. Akusilo ize ukuthi izimpaphe zingezomndeni wezinyoni zobhejane.
Imilomo emide ilungele izinyoni ukukhetha izithelo ezihlahleni ezinamagatsha
I-sloth esinezinzwane ezintathu
Ziyini izilwane ehlathini lemvula okuhamba kancane? Impendulo isobala. Emhlabathini, ama-sloth ahamba ngesivinini esiphezulu samamitha ayi-16 ngehora. Izilwane zichitha isikhathi sabo esiningi emagatsheni ezihlahla zasehlathini zase-Afrika. Kukhona ama-sloth alenga ebheke phansi. Isikhathi esiningi izilwane zilala, kanti ezinye zihlafuna kancane emaqabungeni.
AmaSloths awondli kuphela ezitshalweni, kodwa futhi ambozwe ngawo. Uboya bezilwane bumbozwe ulwelwe oluncane. Ngakho-ke, umbala wama-sloth uluhlaza okotshani. Ulwelwe yizitshalo zamanzi. Ukusuka lapho ama-sloth athatha ama "lodger".
Izilwane ezincelisayo ezihamba kancane zibhukuda kahle. Ngesikhathi semvula, ama-sloth kufanele ancibilike kusuka esihlahleni kuya kwesinye.
Isigaba esiphezulu sezindawo ezishisayo
Izilwane ezingamahlathi emvula isigaba esiphezulu sihlala endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha angu-45-55. Kuleli phawu, kunemiqhele eyodwa yezihlahla ezinde ikakhulukazi. Eminye imiboko ayihlosile ukuphakama, ngoba ayenzelwanga ukuba ime yodwa phambi kwemimoya nokushisa kwelanga.
Ezinye izinyoni, izilwane ezincelisayo, amalulwane nazo ziyalwa nazo. Ukukhetha kungenxa yokusondela kokuphakelwa kokudla, noma ukuba khona kokubuka konke kwendawo, noma ibanga eliphephile ezilwaneni eziyingozi nakubungozi.
Ukhozi olukhonjiwe
Kuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwezinyoni ezidla inyama. Ubude besilwane bungaphezu kwemitha. Amaphiko okhozi athweswe umqhele angaphezulu kwamasentimitha angama-200. Isici esihlukile sezinhlobo yi-crest ekhanda. Ngezikhathi zengozi noma zokulwa nomoya, izimpaphe ziyaphakama, zenze ukufana komqhele, umqhele.
Ukhozi oluthweswe umqhele luhlala emahlathini ase-Afrika. Kuyaqabukela ubone izinyoni zodwa. Izinyoni ezinemiqhele zihlala ngazimbili. Ngisho nezilwane zindiza zizungeze impahla yazo ndawonye. "Faka" izinkozi, ngasendleleni, cishe zingamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-16.
Impungushe enkulu endizayo
Umlomo wale malulwane ubukeka njengempungushe. Ngakho-ke igama lesilwane. Uboya bakhe, ngasendleleni, bubomvu ngokubomvu, obukhumbuza nezimpungushe. Njengoba indizela phezulu esibhakabhakeni, yandiza amaphiko ayo ngamasentimitha angu-170. Impungushe enkulu isisindo esingaphezu kwekhilogremu.
Izimpungushe ezinkulu ezindizayo zitholakala emazweni ase-Asia anjengeThailand, i-Indonesia neMalaysia. Amalulwane ahlala emihlambini. Ukundiza abantu abangu-50-100, izimpungushe zethusa izivakashi.
I-Royal colobus
Ungowomndeni wenkawu. Ihlukile kwamanye ama-colobus anezimpawu ezimhlophe esifubeni, emsileni, ezihlathini. Inkawu ihlala emahlathini ase-Afrika, ikhula ize ifike kumasentimitha angama-60-70 ubude ngaphandle komsila. Ingamasentimitha angama-80 ubude.
UColobus kuyaqabukela ehlele phansi. Izinkawu zichitha iningi lempilo yazo ezihlahleni, lapho zidla khona izithelo.
Izilwane zehlathi lemvula - lokhu kungumncintiswano onamandla hhayi kuphela isikhala, ukukhanya, kodwa nokudla.Ngakho-ke, kusehlathini lapho kutholakala khona izinhlobo eziphilayo ezidla lokho abahlali bakwezinye izindawo abangakucabangi nakukudla.
Kuthiwani ngamaqabunga e-eucalyptus, isibonelo? Ziqukethe ubuncane bezakhamzimba, futhi kukhona ubuthi obanele, futhi ama-koala kuphela afunde ukuwanciphisa. Ngakho-ke izilwane zezinhlobo zazihlinzeka ngenala yokudla, okungadingeki zikulwele.
