Ngonyaka wamashumi amane, ikhulu leminyaka ngaphambi konyaka odlule, isazi semvelo saseDenmark nesazi semvelo uPeter Wilhelm Lund wachaza okokuqala izingwe ezinamazinyo ayisabula. Ngaleyo minyaka, ngesikhathi kumbiwa eBrazil, wathola izinsalela zokuqala zama-smilodon.
Kamuva, amathambo agugile alezi zilwane atholakala echibini laseCalifornia, lapho eza ukuzophuza khona. Njengoba ichibi lalinguwoyela, kanti amanye uwoyela agelezela ebusweni ngaso sonke isikhathi, izilwane zazivame ukubambeka ngezidladla zalo kule slurry bese zifa.
Incazelo kanye nezici zehlosi elinamazinyo anama-saber
Igama elithi saber-toothed ekuhumusheni lisuselwa esiLatin naseGrikhi yasendulo kuzwakala ngathi "ummese" nokuthi "izinyo", ngaphezulu izilwane ezinamazinyo amahlosi okuthiwa ama-smilodons. Bangabomndeni we-feline saber-toothed, uhlobo lweMahayroda.
Eminyakeni eyizigidi ezimbili edlule, lezi zilwane zazihlala emazweni aseNyakatho naseNingizimu Melika, eYurophu, e-Afrika nase-Asia. Amahlosi anamazinyo amaSaber wayehlala isikhathi kusukela ekuqaleni kwesikhathi sePleistocene kuze kube sekupheleni kwe-Ice Age.
Amakati anamazinyo weSaber, noma ama-smilodon alingana ne-tiger endala, ama-300-400 kilograms. Zaziyimitha elilodwa ukuphakama ekubuneni, nemitha elilodwa nohhafu ubude bomzimba wonke.
Izazi-mlando zososayensi zithi ama-smilodon ayenombala onsundu ngokukhanyayo, mhlawumbe enamabala engwe ngemuva. Kodwa-ke, phakathi kwalabo sosayensi abafanayo kukhona impikiswano mayelana nokuba khona kwama-albino, izingwe ezinamazinyo ayisabula okumhlophe imibala.
Imilenze yabo yayimifushane, ngaphambili yayinkulu kakhulu kunemilenze yangemuva. Mhlawumbe imvelo ibadale ngendlela yokuthi, ngesikhathi sokuzingela, umhlaseli, ebambe inyamazane, ngosizo lwezidladla zangaphambili, angayicindezela phansi, bese eyiklinya ngeminwe yayo.
Ku-Intanethi kuningi izithombe izingwe ezinamazinyo ayisabula, ezibonisa umehluko othile emndenini wekati, zinomzimba onamandla nomsila omfushane.
Ubude be-canines yakhe, kufaka phakathi izimpande zamazinyo uqobo, kwakungamasentimitha angamashumi amathathu. Amazinyo alo amise okwesigaxa, akhonjwe emaphethelweni futhi agobile kancane ngaphakathi, kanti uhlangothi lwawo lwangaphakathi lufana nenkemba yommese.
Uma umlomo wesilwane uvaliwe, khona-ke ukuphela kwamazinyo aso kuphuma ngaphansi kwezinga lesilevu. Okuvelele kwalesi silwane esidlayo kwakuwukuthi wawuvula umlomo wawo ubanzi ngokungavamile, ububanzi obuphindwe kabili kunebhubesi uqobo, ukuze ufaka amazinyo alo angama-saber emzimbeni wesisulu ngamandla amakhulu.
Indawo yokuhlala yengwe enamazinyo anama-saber
Lapho kuhlala izwekazi laseMelika, amahlosi anamazinyo anama-saber ayethanda izindawo ezivulekile zokuhlala nokuzingela ezazingagcwele izimila. Kunolwazi oluncane mayelana nokuthi lezi zilwane zazihlala kanjani.
Ezinye izazi zemvelo zisikisela ukuthi amaSmilodon ayeyedwa. Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi uma behlala ngamaqembu, babeyimhlambi lapho abesilisa nabesifazane, kufaka phakathi inzalo encane, babehlala ngenani elifanayo. Abantu bamakati abesilisa nabesifazane abanamazinyo ahlukile ngesayizi, umehluko kuphela phakathi kwabo kwakuyimane elincane labesilisa.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Mayelana nezingwe ezinamazinyo anama-saber Kuyaziwa ngokuthembekile ukuthi babedla kuphela ukudla kwezilwane - ama-mastoni, inyoni, amahhashi, izinhlwathi, izinyamazane nemijikelezo. Futhi, amahlosi anamazinyo anama-saber azingela amaphuphu amancane, angakakhuli. Izazi ze-paleontologists ziyavuma ukuthi lapho befuna ukudla, abayidumanga isidumbu.
Kungenzeka ukuthi lezi zidlakela zahamba zizingela ngamaphakethe, abesifazane babengabazingeli abangcono kunabesilisa futhi babeqhubeka njalo. Sebebambe inyamazane, bayibulala, bacindezela phansi futhi bahlinza umthambo we-carotid ngamazinyo abukhali.
Okubuye kufakazele ukuthi bangabomndeni wekati. Ngemuva kwakho konke, njengoba wazi, amakati aklinye isisulu ababanjwe yibo. Ngokungafani namabhubesi nezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye, okuthi uma sezizibambile, zidwengule isilwane esineshwa.
Kepha, amahlosi anezinyosi ezinesabusi kwakungebona bodwa abazingeli emazweni ahlala abantu, futhi ayenabantu abancintisana nabo kakhulu. Isibonelo, eNingizimu Melika - izinyoni ezidla izinyoni i-fororakos zincintisane nazo nosayizi wendlovu, ama-sloth amakhulu we-megatheria, nawo ayengakuphikisi ukudla inyama ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho zezwekazi laseMelika, kwakukhona izimbangi eziningi kakhulu. Le yingonyama yomhume, ibhere elikhulu elinobuso obufushane, impisi ebabazekayo nabanye abaningi.
Isizathu sokuqothulwa kwamahlosi anamazinyo anama-saber
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ulwazi luye lwavela emakhasini omagazini besayensi ngezikhathi ezithile lapho abantu besizwe esithile bebone izilwane zichazwa njengezicishe zifane nezingwe ezinamazinyo. Abomdabu baze babanikeza negama - amabhubesi asezintabeni. Kepha asikho isiqinisekiso esisemthethweni salokho izingwe ezinamazinyo ayisabula uyaphila.
Isizathu esiyinhloko sokunyamalala kwamahlosi anezinyosi ezinesabekayo ngotshani obushintshiwe be-arctic. Umcwaningi omkhulu emkhakheni wezofuzo, uProfesa waseCopenhagen University E. Villerslev neqembu lososayensi abavela emazweni ayishumi nesithupha bacwaninga ngeseli le-DNA elitholwe esilwaneni sasendulo esasilondolozwe kuyi-ice floe.
Kusuka lapho benze iziphetho ezilandelayo: amakhambi adliwa amahhashi, izinhlwathi nezinye izilwane ezidla utshani ngaleso sikhathi zazicebile ngamaprotheni. Ngokuqala kwe-Ice Age, zonke izimila zaqina.
Ngemuva kokuncibilika, amadlelo namathafa aphenduke aba luhlaza futhi, kepha inani lokudla okunomsoco wamakhambi amasha lishintshile, ukwakheka kwalo bekungenayo inani elidingekayo lamaprotheni nhlobo. Kungani wonke ama-artiodactyls afa ngokushesha okukhulu. Balandelwa nochungechunge lwamahlosi anezinyo ezinamazinyo abawadla, bavele basala bengenakudla, yingakho babulawa yindlala.
Esikhathini sethu sobuchwepheshe obuphakeme, ngosizo lwehluzo lekhompyutha, ungabuyisa noma yini bese ubuyela emuva emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka. Ngakho-ke, kumamnyuziyamu omlando anikezelwe ezilwaneni zasendulo, ezingasekho, kunemifanekiso eminingi izithombe ngesithombe amazinyo a-saber amahlosiesivumela ukuthi sazi lezi zilwane ngangokunokwenzeka.
Mhlawumbe lapho, sizoqala ukwazisa, sithande futhi sivikele imvelo kakhulu futhiamazinyo a-saber amahlosi, nezinye izilwane eziningi ngeke zifakwe emakhasini Okubomvu izincwadi njengezilwane ezingasekho.
