Ubani ebuntwaneni ongazange alalele izinganekwane ezivela ezindebeni zomama lapho umlingisi oyinhloko wayeyimpungushe? Abantu abanjalo bamane, mhlawumbe, abekho.
Kuzo zonke izinganekwane, impungushe ichazwa njengobuhle obunobuqili obunezinwele ezibomvu, ngendlela emangalisayo, engakhohlisa futhi idle inyamazane yayo. Futhi lezi zinganekwane empeleni azikude neqiniso. Izilwane zasendle impungushe, okungukuthi, manje kuzoxoxwa ngabo, banengubo nje ebomvu enhle ebomvu, eba bukhali futhi iluhlaza ebusika.
Umbala wejazi uyashintsha, kuye ngendawo okuhlala kuyo isilwane, kusukela kokubomvu ngokugqamile kuya kokungaphezulu. Umsila uhlala umnyama futhi ichopho limhlophe. Lona umbala wejazi loboya ezimpungwini zasendle.
Okufanekisiwe impungushe yasendle
Lezo ezitshalwe ngokukhethekile emapulazini zivame kakhulu ukuba yiplatinamu noma zibe mnyama-nsundu (zimnyama nsundu) ngombala. Lezi zilwane zithandwa kakhulu embonini yoboya. Usayizi we-fox mncane.
Esithombeni, impungushe iyimpungushe yesiliva
Umncane futhi uyiselula. Ubude bomzimba wakhe bucishe bube yi-90 cm, unesisindo esisuka ku-6 kuye ku-10 kg. Uyaguquguquka futhi unesithunzi. Ngenxa yemilenze emifushane uma kuqhathaniswa, kulula ukuthi isilwane sikhase sifike kwesisisulu bese siyihlasela ngokungabonakali.
Kepha, yize imilenze imifushane, inamandla kakhulu futhi inemisipha, esiza impungushe ukuba igxume ngokuzumayo nangobude obude. Isifonyo sempungushe sinwetshiwe, sinekhala elihle, elincanyana. Izindlebe zikhulu kakhulu, zihlala ziphapheme njalo.
Mayelana nempungushe yezilwane akunakushiwo ukuthi inamandla, njengebhere, noma inamazinyo acijile, njengaleyo yempisi, noma uzipho oluqinile, njengaleyo yamakati asendle, kepha ngobungqabavu bayo ayibubhedisi kulezi zilwane ezidlayo, ize.
Izici nendawo yokuhlala impungushe
Izilwane zehlathi le-Fox phila cishe kuyo yonke iplanethi, ngaphandle kwe-arctic tundra neziqhingi. Kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-11 nezinhlobo eziyi-15 zalesi silwane.
Lesi sidalwa sasendle sithanda i-tundra, i-taiga, izintaba, izingwadule, i-steppe. Yonke indawo impungushe ingakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nayo futhi izenzele ikhaya layo. Lapho ehlala eduze nenyakatho, kukhula usayizi wakhe, futhi umbala wejazi lakhe uyakhanya futhi ucebe.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezifundeni eziseningizimu, impungushe incane futhi umbala wayo awukhanyi. Azikaze zinamathiselwe kunoma iyiphi indawo ethile yokuhlala.
Ngenxa yekhono labo elimangalisayo lokuzivumelanisa nezimo, bangahlala amakhilomitha ayinkulungwane ukusuka ezweni lakubo langempela.
Isimo nempilo yempungushe
Impungushe ivame kakhulu ukuzitholela ukudla kwayo emini. Kepha unawo wonke amakhono adingekayo wokuzingela ebusuku, okuyinto kwesinye isikhathi ayenzayo. Izitho zomqondo wakhe zikhule kakhulu, futhi izidalwa eziningi zingabahalela.
Umbono we-fox usezingeni eliphakeme kangangokuba ungabona konke noma kungabonakali kahle. Izindlebe zakhe, ezihlala zihamba, zibamba ukuqhuma okuncane, lokhu kusiza impungushe ukubona amagundane.
Ngokusikisela okuncane ukuthi igundane liseduze, impungushe iqanda ngokuphelele bese izama ukuthola ukuthi igundane lihlala kuphi futhi kanjani kulesi sikhundla.
Ngemuva kwalokho, wenza ukugxuma okunamandla bese efika nje phezu kwesisulu, emcindezela ngokuqinile phansi. Umzingeli ngamunye unendawo yakhe ebhalwe indle. Abalimi abaningi babheka lesi silwane njengesinambuzane kwezolimo. Le nkinga ingabukwa ezinhlangothini ezimbili, ihluke ngokuphelele komunye nomunye.
Yebo, lezi zidlakela zithathwa njengezisongela izinkukhu, zingangena ngesibaya esibayeni sezinkukhu bese ziyintshontsha. Kepha kwaqashelwa ukuthi impungushe ikhetha izinkukhu ezibuthakathaka futhi ezingashintshiwe. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, "isilo esibomvu" sichitha amagundane emasimini nasezinqolobaneni, okusiza ukonga nokuphinda isivuno.
Esithombeni, impungushe izingela igundane
Ngezimpungushe, kuyingozi kakhulu ukuhlangana nezinkozi, amankankane, izimpisi, amabhere, i-puma nabantu. Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abantu bazingela isilwane ngenxa yoboya baso obuyigugu obuhle, sekuyisikhathi eside kuvulwa isilwane ngokuzingela, lapho amadoda amahhashi nezinja azungeza impungushe futhi asiqhuba asibulale.
Kwakulolu hlobo lokuzingela olwavinjelwa kusukela ngo-2004, kepha zonke ezinye izinhlobo zalo zihlala zisemthethweni. EJapan, lesi silwane siyahlonishwa. Impungushe yabo nguNkulunkulu wemvula nesithunywa sikaNkulunkulu welayisi. Ngokusho kwamaJapane, impungushe ivikela abantu ebubini futhi iwuphawu lokuphila isikhathi eside.
Abomdabu baseMelika abavumelani ngalesi silwane. Lawo maNdiya ahlala eduze neNyakatho aphikelela ekutheni uyisithunywa esihlakaniphile futhi esihloniphekile esivela ezulwini. Izizwe ezisemathafeni zithi impungushe ingumgulukudu onobuqili futhi omubi ongadonsela umuntu engozini ebulalayo ngemizuzwana nje.
Kithina, impungushe yisilwane esihlakaniphile, esinqumayo nesinesifiso esimangalisayo sokwenza okuthile. KU-IN izimpungushe zomhlaba wezilwane - lezi yizilwane ezinezimfanelo ezinkulu zangaphakathi namandla.
Ukudla kwezimpungushe
Umhlaba wezilwane wezimpungushe yakhelwe ukuze lezi zilwane ezidla ukudla kwazo kanye nokuzingelwa kokudla kwazo zikwazi ukuzivumelanisa ngokumangalisayo futhi zithole umzuzu olungele lokhu. Ukudla kwabo okuyinhloko ngamagundane, izinyoni, izinhlanzi, izilwane ezincane ezahlukahlukene. Ngeke benqabe ukulamba nokuqothulwa izidumbu, izinambuzane namajikijolo.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngaphambi kokubamba isisulu sayo, impungushe iyifundisisa ngokuphelele imikhuba yayo. Isibonelo, ukuze azitike nge-hedgehog, angakwazi ukuyifinyelela ngenxa yameva, angamcindezela kakhulu echibini.
Emanzini, i-hedgehog iyajika bese impungushe ibamba isisu sayo ngejubane lombani. Izimpungushe kufanele zibambe amahansi asendle ngambili. Enye iyaphazamisa, enye inyonyoba futhi ihlasele ngokuzumayo.
Izinduku azikwazi ukufihla izimpungushe ngisho nangaphansi kweqhwa. Indlebe engakholeki ibala konke ukuqhuma kwabo. I-Fox uhlobo lwesilwane, engeke ishiywe ngaphandle kokudla ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo zezulu ezinzima.
Esithombeni kukhona impungushe emhlophe
Impungushe yisilwane esinobuqili. Futhi yilesi sici okuyisici sayo esiyinhloko futhi esihlukile. Usiza isilwane ukuthi siphile kunoma yisiphi isimo esibucayi futhi sithole indlela yokuphuma kuso.
Isilwane esimhlophe se-fox Akusona isidalwa esiyinganekwane. Eqinisweni, lezi zilwane zikhona. Ziyafana kakhulu nezihlobo zazo ezinezinwele ezibomvu. Ungahlangana nabo eTundra, eScandinavia Kola Peninsula, ePolar Eurasia naseNyakatho Melika, eningizimu yesifunda saseBaikal, eJapan.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila sempungushe
Isikhathi sentwasahlobo yisikhathi lapho kuzalwa izimpungushe ezincane. Ngaphambi kokuzalwa, izimpungushe ezingomama zimba umgodi omkhulu, noma zingadlula imbila ethile futhi zithathe indawo yayo.
Isikhathi sokumitha cishe izinsuku ezingama-44-58. Imvamisa kuzalwa izingane ezi-4 kuya kwezi-6. Izinsuku ezingama-45, umama onakekelayo ondla izingane zakhe ngobisi, bese ezifundisa kancane kancane ukudla okuqinile. Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, baba ngabantu abadala ngokugcwele futhi abazimele, abakwaziyo ukuzala nokuzitholela ukudla.
Ngokwemvelo, izimpungushe zihlala cishe iminyaka eyisikhombisa; ekhaya, isikhathi sabo sokuphila singafinyelela eminyakeni engama-20-25. Izimpungushe njengezilwane ezifuywayo - konke lokhu kungokoqobo futhi kungenzeka. Okokuqala kuphela udinga ukwazi kangcono ukuthi ungabanakekela kanjani kahle futhi ugcine ezinye izindlela zokuphepha.
Into yokuqala - akuwona wonke amazwe avunyelwe ukugcina impungushe ekhaya, ngakho-ke udinga ukubuza abantu abanekhono ukuthi zinjani izinto ezweni lakho. Isici sesibili futhi esibalulekile ukuba khona kukadokotela wezilwane ojwayelekile ongahlola isilwane nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, asinikeze usizo lwezilwane, futhi enze imigomo edingekayo.
Isilwane esifuywayo kumele sibe nendawo yaso. Impungushe kufanele inikezwe umhhume, lapho ingacasha khona nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, isihlabathi sebhodwe, lapho ingafundiswa khona ukuhamba ngokushesha okukhulu.
Isikhathi esiningi umuntu asichitha nempungushe, ukuhlangana kuvela phakathi kwabo. Izimpungushe zasekhaya azihlukile kakhulu ezinjeni nasemakati. Ungase futhi udlale nabo futhi ubathathe bahambe ku-leash. Izimpungushe zithenga isilwane Ungaya esitolo sezilwane noma uthole isikhangiso sokuthengiswa kwezilwane ezingaphandle.
