Uzwane aha - omunye wabamele abangajwayelekile bomndeni wamazwane. Okokuqala, ubukhulu bayo obukhulu buhlaba umxhwele - bungaba nesisindo esingaphezu kwekhilogremu, ngakho-ke, cishe isidalwa esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Kepha akupheleli lapho okwenza u-agu toad abe ngumkhumbi onzima wasemanzini.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Toad yeah
I-Toad aha ingeyama-amphibian angenamsila avela emndenini wamazwane. Umndeni omkhulu onezinhlobo eziningi. Ukuhlukaniswa kwalo mndeni kunalokho kuyadida, ngoba akuzona zonke izidalwa ezibizwa ngamas Tooth empeleni ezingabalwa kuleli qembu. Ukwenza isibonelo, kukhona amaselethikazi obelethisi, amasele anekhala, amasele afana namasele, okungemindeni yamalimi anolimi oluyindilinga, i-limnodynastis ne-rhinoprinis. Ukubukeka kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamasele kuyahlukahluka kakhulu.
Indlela elula yokuchaza ukuthi yehluke kanjani kumasele yile:
- ubujamo bunemilenze yangemuva engathuthukile. Ngokunjalo, amasele agxuma kakhulu futhi ikakhulukazi ahamba ngezinyathelo ezincane ezihamba kancane, ekhasa;
- ezimweni eziningi, amasele akhetha umswakama, amaxoxo angahlala emhlabathini nasezindaweni ezomile;
- umzimba wamasondo mfushane futhi uyasinda ngamahlombe amafushane amakhulu;
- imvamisa amasele embozwa ngofuba, okuthiwa ama-warts, kuyilapho amaxoxo ebushelelezi;
- amasele anomfundi ovundlile;
- izindlala zezindlebe ngemuva kwamehlo zivame ukubonakala ngokusobala.
Amaseles angaba ngosayizi abahluke ngokuphelele: kusuka ku-20 mm (iGuiana harlequin) kuye ku-220 mm (isele likaBlomberg). Ukudla kwabo nendlela abaphila ngayo nayo iyahluka, kepha iningi lamasondo lisebenza ebusuku, ngoba ahlangana nezilwane eziningi ezidla ezinye emini. Yize iqiniso lokuthi amasele ahlala eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi, athathwa njengezidalwa zasemhlabeni noma ezomhlaba. Izinhlobo eziningi zezinkumbi zidinga amanzi ukuze zizalane, lapho zizalela khona amaqanda.
Kukholelwa ukuthi amasele adla ama-invertebrate amancane - izibungu, izinambuzane, iminenke, njll. Kodwa ikakhulukazi abameleli abakhulu bomndeni bayakwazi ukudla izilwane: amagundane, izinyoni, izinyoka nezinye izidalwa eziphakathi nendawo. Ngasikhathi sinye, izisu zamasele zivumela ngokushesha ukugaya ukudla okusha.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Isikhumba esinobuthi yeah
I-Aha toad ingummeleli omibalabala womndeni wayo. Ungomunye wamaseles amakhulu kunabo bonke futhi ungomunye wabamele abakhulu bezilwane eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini (kuphela isigaxa sikaBlomerg nexoxo le-goliath elikhudlwana). Ubude bomzimba bungafinyelela kuma-24 cm, yize kutholakala abantu abangajwayelekile abakhulu kunalobu sayizi. I-amphibian isisindo esingaphezu kwekhilogremu, kepha abesilisa bahlala bancane kunabesifazane.
Isikhumba se-aga toad, njengamanye amasele, simbozwe ama-keratinized warts kanye neziqu. Ngenxa yalokhu kukhula, isikhumba siyaqina futhi akulula kangako ukusiluma ngezinyoni ezifana nonogolantethe noma i-heron. Ngaphezulu kwamehlo amasele kukhona iziqu ezithi zenze umsebenzi wokuvikela - zivikela amehlo othulini nasemisebeni yelanga.
Ividiyo: Toad yeah
Njengomthetho, umbala wezintambo ufana - awudingi ukufihla ngokweqile. Umbala oluhlaza okotshani ngokuxubana kombala onsundu noma onsundu, okukhanya kancane esiswini nasemlonyeni. Kepha kwezinye izindawo, amasele athole izindawo zokufihla. Isikhumba singaba mhlophe ubisi ngemicu eluhlaza okotshani okukhanyayo okufana namabala engwe. Noma, ngokuphambene nalokho, iselesele liba mnyama futhi lithola imivimbo emnyama esukela emehlweni ngasemigqeni eseceleni engemuva.
Izindlala ze-parotid zitholakala ezinhlangothini zamehlo, eduze ngemuva. Kepha isele alizwa kahle, ngoba izindlala azigxile ekuzweni, kepha ekukhiqizeni imfihlo enobuthi. Isabisa izilwane ezidla ezinye futhi ikwazi ukubulala ezinye izitha eziphakathi nendawo uma ifakiwe. Njengamasele amaningi, isigaxa se-aga sinomfundi ovundlile, kepha sibanzi kakhulu, okwenza amehlo abonakale emakhulu ngokweqile.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ubuthi be-aga toad bumbiwa ukubulala izinambuzane ezidla ezinye.
Izidladla zeziphovane zifushane futhi zinkulu; ihamba kancane. Azikho ulwelwesi ezinzwaneni zangaphambili, kepha ngemuva zisalondoloziwe futhi azincishisiwe. Futhi, leli qweqwe lihlukaniswa namanye ngekhanda elikhulu nomzimba obanzi kakhulu onesisu esiyi-convex.
Manje uyazi ukuthi i-toad inoshevu, yebo, noma cha. Ake sibone ukuthi uhlala kuphi.
Uhlala kuphi umswani?
Isithombe: Toad aha ngokwemvelo
Indawo yemvelo ye-aga toad yinsimu eseduze nemifula yeRio Grande (Texas), enkabeni ye-Amazon, enyakatho-mpumalanga yePeru.
Kepha ukubulala izinambuzane eziyizinambuzane, i-aga toad yethulwe ngobuciko kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
- ugu olusempumalanga ye-Australia;
- empumalanga yeQueenslead;
- ugu lwaseNew South Wales;
- eningizimu yeFlorida;
- IPapua New Guinea;
- Iziqhingi zasePhilippine;
- Iziqhingi zase-Ogasawara eJapan;
- Iziqhingi zaseRyukyu;
- Iziqhingi zaseCaribbean;
- iziqhingi ze-pacific, kufaka phakathi iHawaii neFiji.
I-Aha yahluma kalula emazweni amasha, ngoba ikwazi ukuzivumelanisa namazinga okushisa asuka ku-5 kuye ku-40 degrees Celsius. Ingatholakala phakathi kwezihlabathi eziqhelelene nemizimba yamanzi, nasezindaweni ezishisayo, ogwini nasezindaweni ezinamachibi. Futhi, i-toad aha igxila ngokuphelele emanzini anosawoti amancane, okungajwayelekile kumasele jikelele. EHawaii, waqanjwa ngegama lesidlaliso esithi "the toad sea" (iBufo marinus).
Okukhethekile kwe-aga ukuthi isikhumba sakhe saba ne-keratinized futhi saqina kangangokuba saqala ukushintshashintsha igesi. Ngakho-ke, amaphaphu e-agi athuthuke kangcono kunalawo amanye amalungu omndeni futhi, ngakho-ke, isele likwazi ukuthatha amaphesenti angama-50 okulahleka kwamanzi emzimbeni. Izinsipho ze-Agi azizakheli izindawo zokukhosela, kepha isikhathi ngasinye lapho zithola okuthile okusha - emifantwini, emigodini yezihlahla, ngaphansi kwamatshe, emigodini elahliwe yamagundane, njll. Emini bachitha isikhathi bekhosele, nasebusuku bayahamba bayazingela.
Ngabe lidlani leli cwebe?
Isithombe: Toad eyingozi yebo
Ama -ga Toads awavamile ngoba omnivorous. Ukudla okujwayelekile kufaka izicabucabu, ama-crustaceans, zonke izinhlobo zezinambuzane ezindizayo nezisemhlabeni, kufaka phakathi izinyosi ezinobuthi namabhungane, ama-millipedes, amaphela, izinkumbi, iminenke nezintuthwane.
Kepha ingondla ama-vertebrate ngisho nezilwane ezincelisayo:
- amaxoxo amancane namasele;
- amagundane namanye amagundane;
- izinyoka, kufaka phakathi ezinobuthi;
- izibankwa;
- izinyoni namaqanda ezinyoni, izilwane eziphila emanzini nasemanzini, izilwane ezinwabuzelayo;
- izidumbu nezidumbu;
- izinkalankala, i-jellyfish, i-cephalopods;
- kwesinye isikhathi ama-agi toads angadla amanye amalungu ohlobo lwawo. I-cannibalism ayivamile phakathi kwamasondo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Amasele awakwazi ukulawula inani lokudla okudliwayo futhi awakwazi ukuluma ukudla kube yizicucu - ahlala ekugwinya kuphelele. Ngakho-ke, kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala amaselesele afile nengxenye yenyoka esiswini kuthi enye ingxenye ingaphandle; amasele avele aminyaniswe, angakwazi ukudla isisulu esikhulu kangako.
Ama-Aga toad amawundlu adla izibungu ezincane nama-crustaceans, i-daphnia, ama-cyclops nokudla kwezitshalo. Bangadla namanye amawundlu amancane. Isigaxa se-aga kwesinye isikhathi sigcinwa njengesilwane esifuywayo. Kulokhu, iphakelwa ngendlela elinganiselayo ukuze isele likwazi ukuphila impilo ende futhi enempilo.
Ukudla kufaka:
- amaprotheni izinambuzane - amakhilikithi, izinkumbi, izibungu;
- amagundane womntwana afile, ama-hamsters. Bangase babe ngisho ne-pubescent;
- okuphakelayo okwengeziwe ngamavithamini, ikakhulukazi i-calcium;
- Izimpukane zezithelo kanye nezikelemu ezincane zegazi zokukhulisa izinzwane.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Yebo isigaxa esikhulu
Toad yeah, njengamanye amasele - i-amphibian yasebusuku. Emini ubheka inyamazane, futhi njengoba edla cishe yonke into engenela emlonyeni wakhe, akakaze abe nezinkinga ngokudla. Isiphephelo se-aga toad ngumgodi, umgodi, umgodi noma ukucindezeleka lapho sicashe khona usuku lonke.
Yebo uzingela ngokufihla. Ifihla otshanini noma ihlangane nesihlabathi noma amatshe amatshe, iqhwa futhi ilinde okuthile okudliwayo ukuze kuvele engxenyeni eseduze. Ubamba inyamazana ngendlela efanayo namanye amasele - alahle ulimi olude. Isinambuzane noma isilwane esincane sinamathela olimini futhi masinyane sizithole sesisemlonyeni wensumpa yomunwe.
Uma uzwane ehlangabezana nomzingeli omkhulu, kuthatha indawo yokuzivikela. Ukuze avikeleke, ufuna ukuvuvukala ngosayizi ngangokunokwenzeka, agcwalise izikhwama zakhe zebele ngomoya, futhi aphakame nangemilenze eyeluliwe. Uma umhlaseli, ebona isigaxa esikhulu kangaka, angesabi futhi angabaleki, lapho-ke silungele ukusebenzisa ushevu waso.
Ngokudalula isitha izindlala ezinobuthi, uyazinciphisa ngokushesha, adubule ushevu ebangeni elincane. Isibhamu esinjalo kwesinye isikhathi sifinyelela imitha elilodwa - lokhu kwanele ukushaya umhlaseli. Uma ingena kolwelwesi lwamafinyela esweni, lo shevu ungaphuphuthekisa isilwane esikhulu okwesikhashana, futhi ubulale nesincane. Lapho i-aga ikhipha ubuthi, iqolo layo ligcwele uketshezi olujiyile olumhlophe, olunobuthi obuncane.
I-Aga ayazi ukuthi ingasukela kanjani inyamazane futhi ihambe ngokugxuma okuncane, futhi ekuweni okuncane kwamazinga okushisa iba yindondo futhi inyakaze kuphela uma kunesidingo. Esimweni sezulu esomile, ama-agi toads akhetha ukuhlala ezindlini ezinomswakama - ngalesi sikhathi ayalamba futhi athanda ukudla abantu. Kwesinye isikhathi isigaxa se-aha singazingcwaba emhlabathini omanzi ukumunca umswakama - ukuze kuphume kuphela ikhanda lekhanda.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo: Toads molt, futhi yebo akunjalo. Ugibela endaweni yakhe yokucasha, afuthele bese elinda isikhumba emhlane ukuthi siqhume. Bese isikhumba uqobo lwaso siqala ukusuka emzimbeni siye ekhanda, bese i-aha toad izidla yodwa.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: Toad yeah
Ama-agi Toads ikakhulukazi ahlala yedwa, kepha angahlala ngamaqembu amancane; Abantu abangu-3-4 bobulili obuthile kwesinye isikhathi bahlala emgodini owodwa - yile ndlela amasele agcina ngayo umswakama. Kepha ngokungabikho kwesomiso, bakhetha ukuhlukanisa insimu. Ngokuvamile, insimu yelinye i-aga toad icishe ibe ngamamitha-skwele angama-32, yize ingafinyelela kumamitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2-3. Abavikeli imingcele yabo futhi bawela ngokukhululekile abantu abangabazi.
Isikhathi sokumatanisa asinaso isikhathi esiqinile: into esemqoka ukuthi izinga lokushisa kwamanzi lingaphezu kwama-25 degrees Celsius. Abesilisa baqala ukukhala kakhulu ngokumema, futhi lesi sililo singaqhubeka izinsuku ezimbalwa. Kwesinye isikhathi bayakhohlwa ngokudla, okubakhipha kakhulu.
Insikazi ifika kowesilisa ebusuku. Ayikho imidlalo yokukhwelana ngaphandle kokucula enikezwa ngamasondo, ngakho-ke inqubo yokufaka umquba ivela ngokushesha: owesifazane ukhipha amaqanda, owesilisa amvundise. Kulokhu, owesilisa, omncane kakhulu kunowesifazane, angahlala phezu kwakhe izinsuku ezimbalwa aze aqale ukuzala.
Ngenkathi eyodwa, umuntu omdala angabeka amaqanda ayizinkulungwane eziyisishiyagalombili kuya kweziyi-35, futhi iningi lawo lizovundiswa. Kwesinye isikhathi insikazi neduna ngokwazo zidla iningi lazo. Owesifazane oyedwa angavundiswa ngabesilisa abaningana. ICaviar iyaqoqana ngamaqoqo futhi inamathiselwe ezitshalweni noma ezihlahleni eziseduze kwamanzi, futhi ngemuva kwalokho owesilisa nowesifazane abanendaba nenzalo yesikhathi esizayo.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ezindaweni ezifudumele zesimo sezulu, abesifazane bangazala kaningana ngonyaka.
Amaqanda achanyuselwa emahoreni angama-24-72. Onoshobishobi bavuthwa ngokocansi ngonyaka owodwa, ubude besikhathi samathanga asendle abaziwa. Ngaphansi kokunakekelwa ekhaya, bangaphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-10-13.
Izitha zemvelo ze-aga toad
Isithombe: Isikhumba esinobuthi yeah
I-aga toad inezitha eziningi, yize ivikelwe impela.
Izilwane eziyinhloko ezizingela izinzwane yilezi:
- izingwenya ezinosayizi ophakathi nendawo - zikhangwa ngosayizi omkhulu wesigaxa se-aha, ngaphezu kwalokho, azivikelekile kubuthi bayo. Ngokuvamile, izingwenya zezingane zizitika ngesele;
- ama-lobster;
- amanzi namagundane omhlaba;
- amagwababa echobana;
- izindwandwe, onogolantethe, ama-cranes nawo avikelekile ku-toad poison;
- ojekamanzi badla onosikilidi be-toad aga, ngoba abanabo ubuthi;
- amabhungane amanzi nawo azingela onoshobishobi;
- izimfudu;
- izinyoka ezingenabuthi.
Iqiniso elihehayo: Akuzona zonke izidalwa ezifisa ukuzitika nge-aga toad ezisinda ekushayisaneni nale amphibian. Isigaxa siyazivikela ngosizo lwezindlala ezinobuthi, futhi kwesinye isikhathi isilwane esidlayo siba yisisulu nokudla kweqhude.
Ngokuyinhloko, izilwane ezidla ezinye zidla kuphela ulimi lwezinja ngenxa yenani lazo lokudla okunomsoco, kanti nesidumbu uqobo luyazethusa ngephunga laso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhumba esiqinile asigayeki kahle izidalwa eziningi, kanti ezinye azikwazi ukuluma ngaso. Indlela elula kunazo zonke wukudla isisu seselesele, ngoba lithambile futhi alivikelwe ama-keratinized warts, kepha izitho zalo zangaphakathi zinobuthi, ngakho-ke azikho izidalwa eziningi ezingakwazi ukuyikhokhela le ndlela.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Toad eyingozi yebo
Ngenxa yobuthi babo, usayizi nezindlela zabo zokuzivikela, ama-agi toads awakaze abe sengozini yokuqothulwa. Zizala ngokukhululeka futhi zizizwe zikhululekile ezingxenyeni eziningi zomhlaba. Lapho ukukhiqizwa okuphelele kukabhungane womhlanga, okwakudla izitshalo, kuqala e-Australia, kwathathwa isinqumo sokwethula ubuhlalu obenziwe lapho.
Leli butho labhekana kahle nebhungane lomhlanga futhi lazaliswa ngempumelelo e-Australia. Kodwa izidlakela zase-Australia zazingakakulungeli ukubhekana ne-aga, ngoba zazingenazo izindlela zokuzivikela ekulweni nobuthi. Ngakho-ke, i-toad yokuzalanisa i-aha yaba yinhlekelele yangempela yezilwane zase-Australia: izilwane ezazifuna ukudla ne-toad zafa ngenxa yobuthi bayo. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuqothulwa kwamasele amaningi nokuthunyelwa kwabantu abavela e-Australia kwaqala ukumisa ukubhujiswa kwezilwane zomdabu.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo: Ukugxilisa ukumelana nobuthi ezilwaneni ezidla i-Australia, ososayensi basakazela izingcezu zenyama ngamanani amancane kabuthi we-aga toad. Izilwane zikhafula ukudla okunoshevu noma zenze amasosha omzimba abe nobuthi.
I-Agi ibilokhu iphethe ukubaluleka okusebenzayo phakathi kwabantu abahlukahlukene bomhlaba. Isibonelo, amaNdiya aseNingizimu Melika agcoba imicibisholo ngoshevu we-agi. Izizwe zamaMaya zasebenzisa ubuthi balawa masele njengesisekelo sezidakamizwa. Ngo-2008, kwatholakala ukuthi ubuthi be-aga toad buqeda amangqamuzana omdlavuza. Kuze kube manje, kusenziwa izifundo ngalolu daba, ezingakakhiphi imiphumela: ushevu uqeda amaseli womdlavuza wamagundane wokuhlola, kepha amagundane ngokwawo afa nawo.
Ama-Aga Toads ayizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu, ngakho-ke inani lawo labantu alikaze lisengcupheni yokuqothulwa. Ubuningi busekela nokuthi lezi zinhlayiya zingagcinwa emakhaya.Uzwane aha - i-amphibian eyingqayizivele ebambe iqhaza ezimpilweni zabantu. Ukhombisa ukuzivumelanisa okuphezulu nezimo zokuphila ezahlukahlukene futhi ungelinye lamalungu athakazelisa kakhulu emndenini wakhe.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 11.07.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 09/24/2019 ngo-21: 58
