Amankentshane aphakathi kwabamele abamangalisa kakhulu nabangajwayelekile bezilwane zomhlaba. Unembeza wase-Yemeni ingenye yezinhlobo ezinkulu kakhulu futhi ezikhanyayo. Yibo laba bameleli balezi zinhlobo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezivame ukuqala ngabathandi bezilwane ezingaphandle, ngoba bahlukaniswa ukumelana nokucindezeleka okuphezulu nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezinhle ezimweni ezintsha zokuboshwa. Kodwa-ke, lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo zidinga ukwenziwa kwezimo ezithile zokuphila, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuba uqale isilwane esingajwayelekile, kufanelekile ukutadisha izici zokuqukethwe kwaso.
Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo
Isithombe: Yemeni Chameleon
Ama-chameleon ase-Yemeni angabameleli bezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingama-chordate, angaphansi kwe-scaly, sub-oda lezibankwa, abelwe umndeni wonwabu, uhlobo nezinhlobo zezinyamazane zangempela.
Amankomane aphakathi kwezihuquzelayo zasendulo kakhulu emhlabeni. Abaphenyi be-Zoologists bachaze okutholakele, ngokombono wabo, asebeneminyaka engaba yizigidi eziyikhulu ubudala. Izinsalela ezindala kakhulu zenyamazane yase-Yemeni zitholakale eYurophu. Zikhombisa ukuthi lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo zazikhona emhlabeni eminyakeni engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-25 edlule.
Ividiyo: Yemeni Chameleon
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinsalela zezilwane ezihuquzelayo zitholakale e-Asia nase-Afrika. Zibonisa ukuthi ezikhathini zasendulo indawo yalaba bameleli bezilwane yayinkulu kakhulu, futhi izilwane zazisatshalaliswa emazwenikazi ahlukahlukene. Izazi zezilwane zisikisela ukuthi iMadagascar yanamuhla yayiyikhaya lezinhlobo eziningi zonwabu.
Phambilini, izakhamizi zasendulo zaseYemen zazicabanga ukuthi onondweba bazo bahlala ezifundeni zabo, kamuva ezaqokelwa ezinhlotsheni ezihlukile.
Lesi sibankwa sathola igama laso ngenxa yendawo esihlala kuyo - ingxenye eseningizimu yeNhlonhlo yase-Arabia yaseYemen. Lokhu kungukudla okuncane okutshalwe ngempumelelo eRussia ekhaya kuma-terrariums. Kusukela ngama-80s, le subspecies isibe yinto ethandwa kakhulu futhi efunwa kakhulu phakathi kwabafuyi bezilwane ezingaphandle.
Ukubukeka nezici
Isithombe: Yemele chameleon female
Lokhu okungaphansi kwamankentshane kubhekwa njengobukhulu futhi buhle ngendlela emangalisayo. Ubude bomzimba wabantu abadala bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-45-55. Lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo zibonisa ukufiphala kocansi. Abesifazane bacishe babe yingxenye yesithathu encane ngosayizi.
Isici esihlukile senyamazane yase-Yemeni yisidumbu esikhulu, esibizwa ngokuthi yiveyili, noma umphathi wesigqoko sokuzivikela. Buqamama, isidleke sifana nesigqoko sokuzivikela esimboze ikhanda lesibankwa. Ifinyelela ekuphakameni okungafika kumasentimitha ayishumi.
Amajaji anombala ocebile, ogqamile oluhlaza. Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zivame ukushintsha umbala. Abantu abadala bashintsha umbala uma bezizwa benengcindezi, abesifazane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, noma abesilisa ngesikhathi sobudlelwano bokukhwelana lapho abesifazane besondela. Okuhlaza kungashintsha kube nsundu, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, mhlophe, nsundu ngokunyama. Njengoba zikhula, umbala walezi zibankwa uyashintsha. Imivimbo ephuzi ngokugqamile noma ewolintshi ivela emzimbeni wezilwane.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo. Izazi zezilwane zithi umbala uncike esimweni senhlalo. Izibankwa ezikhule zodwa zinohlobo oluphakathi kunabantu abakhule ngokuhlanganyela.
Izitho zezilwane mncane futhi zinde, zenzelwe ngokuphelele ukukhuphuka kwezihlahla nokubamba amagatsha. Umsila mude ngokwedlulele, uyashuba phansi, uzacile ubheke ngasemthonjeni. Amankentshane avamise ukukugoqa abe yibhola lapho ahleli anganyakazi emagatsheni ezihlahla. Umsila ubaluleke kakhulu, usebenza njengokusekela, ubandakanyekile ekugcineni nasekugcineni ukulinganisela.
Amankentshane anezakhiwo zamehlo ezimangalisayo. Bayakwazi ukuzungeza ama-degree angama-360, banikeze ukubuka okugcwele nxazonke. Umbono waklanywe ngendlela yokuthi ngosizo lwamehlo, unganquma ngokunembile ibanga lomuntu ongaba yisisulu.
Unwabu lwase-Yemeni lunolimi olude noluzacile. Ubude bayo cishe ngamasentimitha angama-20-23. Ulimi lunendawo enamathele evumela ukuthi ibambe futhi ibambe inyamazane. Kukhona uhlobo lwenkomishi yokudonsa onqenqemeni lolimi oludonsela izinambuzane futhi luzivimbele ekuphunyukeni.
Uhlala kuphi unwabu lwase-Yemeni?
Isithombe: I-Adult Yemeni Chameleon
Lo mmeleli wezilwane ezihuquzelayo ezingama-chordate uhlala ezimweni zemvelo kuphela eNhlonhlweni yaseYemen, isiqhingi saseMadagascar, eSaudi Arabia. Izibankwa zithanda amahlathi omanzi, izihlahla eziphansi kanye namahlathi ezinhlobonhlobo zezimila. Kodwa-ke, izazi zezilwane zithi unwabu lwaseYemeni luzizwa lukhululekile ezindaweni ezomile, ezindaweni ezinezintaba.
Ingatholakala kalula lapho uhlaza lutholakala khona kancane, noma, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezindaweni ezishisayo noma ezindaweni ezishisayo. Le nsimu yomhlaba ibonakala ngezimo zezulu ezahlukahlukene kakhulu. Abantu abaningi kakhulu batholakala emathafeni atholakala phakathi kweYemen neSaudi Arabia. Le ngxenye yezwekazi ibonakala ngogwadule nokushoda kwezinhlobonhlobo zezimila, kodwa onwabu bakhetha izindawo ezingasogwini lapho bezizwa benethezeke ngangokunokwenzeka.
Kamuva, izilwane ezincelisayo zaziswa eFlorida naseziQhingini zaseHawaii, lapho zaqala khona izimpande futhi zajwayela ngokushesha.
Izintwala zithanda ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi emagatsheni ezihlahla nasezihlahleni. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhlukahluka okukhulu, ukhetha izinhlobo zezitshalo ezizithandayo kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezitholakalayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-acacia, izitshalo ezinomsoco kanye ne-cactus nezihlahla zomndeni wakwa-Euphorbia. Izintibane zivame ukuhlala eduze nezindawo zokuhlala abantu, zikhethe izingadi namahlathi amade.
Udlani unwabu lwase-Yemeni?
Isithombe: Yemeni chameleon wesilisa
Isisekelo sokudla kwezilwane ezihuquzelayo izinambuzane ezincane, noma ezinye izilwane. Ukuze zibambe inyamazane yazo, kufanele zizingele. Ngenxa yalokhu, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zikhuphuka egatsheni elizimele lezihlahlana noma izihlahla, bese ziba yiqhwa isikhathi eside, zilinde umzuzu ofanele. Ngesikhathi sokulinda, umzimba wesibankwa awunamandla okwenza lutho, izinhlamvu zamehlo kuphela ezijikelezayo.
Okwamanje, kunzima kakhulu ukubona unwabu emahlamvu, cishe akunakwenzeka. Lapho isisulu sisondela ebangeni elanele, likhipha ulimi lwayo ngenkomishi yokumunca ekugcineni bese ibamba inyamazane. Uma behlangabezana nesisulu esikhulu, basibamba ngomlomo wonke.
Iqiniso elithakazelisayo. Unembeza wase-Yemeni ungukuphela kommeleli walezi zinhlobo, okuthi, ngemuva kokufinyelela ekuvuthweni ngokocansi, kucishe kushintshe ngokuphelele ukuzondla ngohlaza.
Yini efakiwe ekudleni kwama chameleon ase Yemeni:
- Izimvemvane;
- Izintethe;
- Izicabucabu;
- Izibankwa ezincane;
- Centipedes;
- Amakhilikithi;
- Amabhungane;
- Amagundane amancane;
- Ukudla kwemifino.
Ngokumangazayo, yizimbila zaseYemeni eziyizilwane ezidla imfuyo. Badla izithelo ezivuthiwe, kanye namaqabunga anamanzi kanye namahlumela amancane ohlaza olwahlukahlukene. Lapho zigcinwa ezimweni zokufakelwa, izilwane ezihuquzelayo ngokudla zidla amapheya, ama-apula, i-zucchini, upelepele, amaqabunga e-clover, ama-dandelion, nolunye uhlaza.
Ukugcwalisa isidingo somzimba soketshezi, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zikhotha amaconsi amazolo asekuseni avela ezimileni. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu lapho kugcinwa isilwane esihuquzelayo esimweni sokufakelwa, kuyadingeka ukunisela i-terrarium nazo zonke izindawo ngamanzi ukuze unikeze izibankwa umthombo woketshezi. Okudingekayo ukuqinisekisa ukunikezwa kwe-calcium namavithamini adingekayo ekusebenzeni okugcwele kwama-chameleon ase-Yemeni.
Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila
Isithombe: Yemeni Chameleon
Izilwane ezihuquzelayo zivame ukuchitha isikhathi sabo esiningi ezihlahleni noma ezihlahleni. Ziya phansi ebusweni bomhlaba uma kwenzeka zifuna ukushintsha indawo yazo yokuhlala noma zidinga ukucasha ngaphansi kwamatshe noma ezinye izindawo zokukhosela lapho kushisa kakhulu. Bahamba bayokuzingela ukuze bathole ukudla ngezikhathi zasemini. Ngalezi zinhloso, kukhethwa amagatsha aminyene, amade. Ekhetha indawo nendawo yokuzingela, uzama ngangokunokwenzeka ukusondela esiqwini noma esiqwini ebangeni okungenani lamamitha amathathu. Kumnyama naphakathi nokuphumula kosuku, bagibela amagatsha amancane ezihlahla nezihlahla.
Abesilisa bavame ukuba nolaka kwabanye abantu abavela endaweni yabo. Imvelo yemvelo ibashukumisela ukuba bavikele futhi bavikele indawo yabo. Ama-chameleon ase-Yemeni afuna ukwethusa isitha sabo esingaba khona, amphoqa ukuba ashiye ngokuzithandela insimu yakwamanye amazwe. Abaphikisi bayakhukhumala, bahayize ngokusobala, bawele phansi endaweni eqinile, eqondile, bavule imilomo yabo, banqekuzise amakhanda, bagoqe futhi bavule imisila yabo.
Ngenkathi yokulwa, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zijikisa imizimba yazo ngapha nangapha bese zishintsha umbala. Uma imizamo enjalo yokwesabisa isitha ingaphumelelanga, khona-ke kufanele usebenzise impi. Ngesikhathi sokulwa, izilwane ezihuquzelayo zilimaza kakhulu futhi zicwiyise umngani. Ezimweni ezingavamile, ukushayisana okunjalo kungaba yingozi.
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isitha esibuthakathaka singenandlela yokuhlehla. Kusukela eminyakeni eyizinyanga ezine, abesilisa bangakhombisa ukuhlukumezeka komunye nomunye. Abantu bobulili besifazane bahlukaniswa ngesimo sokuthobeka futhi ababonisi ulaka kozakwabo.
Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala
Isithombe: I-Animal Yemeni Chameleon
Isikhathi sokuthomba kumankentshane ase-Yemeni siqala lapho sifinyelela onyakeni owodwa kuya kwemibili ubudala. Isikhathi somshado sincike ezimweni zezulu futhi ezimweni eziningi siwela esikhathini kusuka ngo-Ephreli kuya kuSepthemba. Ngokuqala kwenkathi yokukhwelana, owesilisa ngamunye uzama ukudonsa ukunakekela kowesifazane amthandayo. Ukwenza lokhu, unqekuzisa ikhanda, anqekuzise umzimba wonke kancane kancane, asonge bese uvula umsila wakhe. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesilisa bavame ukushintsha umbala ube okhanyayo futhi ocebile.
Insikazi, elungele ukukhwelana, imbozwe ngo-turquoise ngemuva. Ubiza owesilisa amthandayo ngomlomo wakhe ovulekile. Noma ngubani angamthandi, uyamxosha.
Abantu abashadayo imizuzu engu-15-30 izikhathi eziningana ngosuku izinsuku ezingama-3-5. Bese kuthi izithandani zihlukane, owesilisa ahambe ayobheka omunye umbhangqwana ozongena ebudlelwaneni bomshado. Kwezinye izimo, isikhathi somshado sihlala ezinsukwini eziyi-10-15.
Ukukhulelwa kwabesifazane kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-30 kuye kwezingu-45. Ngalesi sikhathi, abesifazane banamabala aluhlaza okotshani noma aphuzi emizimbeni yabo ebumnyameni obuluhlaza noma obumnyama. Ekupheleni kwesikhathi sokukhulelwa, insikazi yenza umgodi omude omise okomhubhe lapho izalela khona amaqanda amaningi futhi ivale ngokucophelela umnyango womgodi. Isikhathi sokufukamela sithatha izinsuku eziyi-150-200.
Ubulili bamankentshane achanyuswayo buxhomeke emazingeni okushisa asendaweni. Uma izinga lokushisa licishe libe ngama-degree angama-28, ikakhulukazi abesifazane bazochamuselwa emaqandeni, futhi uma izinga lokushisa lifinyelela kuma-degree angama-30, khona-ke ikakhulukazi abesilisa bazovela. Zonke izingane zizalwa ngasikhathi sinye. Ubude bomzimba wabo ngamasentimitha ama-5-7. Isilinganiso sokulindelwa kwempilo ezimweni zemvelo yiminyaka engu-4-7.
Izitha zemvelo zama chameleon ase Yemeni
Isithombe: Umuntu omdala wase-Yemeni chameleon
Lapho zihlala ezimweni zemvelo, onogwaja base-Yemeni banezitha ezimbalwa. Ziba yizisulu zezilwane ezinkulu ezinamandla, ezinamandla nezinobuqili.
Izitha zezibankwa:
- Izinyoka;
- Izilwane ezincelisayo ezinkulu ezidlayo;
- Ezihuquzelayo ezinkulu, izibankwa;
- Izidlakudla ezinezimpaphe - amagwababa, izindwandwe.
Okuvelele kanyamazane ukuthi esikhundleni sokucasha abaleke, ngokwemvelo unikezwe amandla okuzama ukwethusa isitha esingaba khona. Yingakho-ke, lapho isitha esibulalayo sisondela, isibankwa siyavuvukala, sihayize, futhi sizikhaphele nakakhulu.
Izazi ze-Zoologists zibiza izitha ze-Yemeni chameleons izibungu ze-parasitic. Lapho lezi ziqala emzimbeni wesibankwa, zanda ngokushesha okukhulu, okuholela ekwenzeni buthaka nokuwohloka komzimba. Kokunye, isibalo sama-parasites sikhulu kakhulu kangangokuthi basidla ngokoqobo isibankwa siphila.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi izibankwa zizwela kakhulu lapho kushoda uketshezi, ukushoda kwamavithamini, kanye nokushoda kwe-calcium. Lapho sekuphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni, amehlo ezinhlwathi zase-Yemeni ahlala avaliwe ngezikhathi zasemini.
Umuntu wenze igalelo elibonakalayo ekwehliseni isibalo sezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthuthukiswa kwezindawo eziningi ngokwengeziwe, ukubhujiswa nokubhujiswa kwendawo yabo yemvelo. Ukuqedwa kwamahlathi nokwandiswa komhlaba wezolimo kuholela ekwehleni kwenani labamele izitshalo nezilwane ezithile.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isithombe: Yemele chameleon female
Ngaphandle kokuthi ama-chameleon, njenganoma ngubani omunye, akwazi ukufihla nokufihla, awanakuqinisekiswa ukuthi avikelwe ekuqothulweni okuphelele. Okwamanje, hhayi kuphela izinhlobo ezithwala isigqoko sokuzivikela ezisengozini, kodwa nezinye izinhlobo ezingaphansi. Kuya ngokuya kube nzima ngabo ukuthi baphile ezimweni zemvelo. Izifo eziningi, ukubhujiswa kwamaqanda nabantu abasha, imisebenzi yabantu, izidalwa - konke lokhu kuyizizathu zokwehla kwabantu babo.
Ama-chameleon ase-Yemeni akhuliswa ngempumelelo ekhaya ku-terrarium, inqobo nje uma kudalwa izimo ezifanele kanye nenani elidingekayo lokuphakelwa kokudla. Yilezi zinhlobo zezibankwa ezifunwa kakhulu phakathi kwabafuyi bezilwane ezingaphandle.
Izazi zezilwane zithi iningi labantu abakhona namuhla ligcinwa emapaki kazwelonke, eziqiwini, hhayi ezimweni zemvelo. Abacwaningi basho ngokuzethemba ukuthi lolu hlobo alukanyamalali ngokuphelele ngenxa yekhono lalo lokuzivumelanisa ngokushesha nezimo ezintsha zokuboshwa, ukubekezelela ukujwayela kahle nokudla ukudla kwezitshalo. Lokhu kuvumela ukuthi bakhuliswe cishe yonke indawo.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-Yemeni chameleon
Isithombe: Incwadi Ebomvu Ye-Yemeni Chameleon
Ngezinhloso zokuvikela, ama-Yemeni, noma amankentshane athwala isigqoko sokuzivikela afakwe ohlwini ku-International Red Book njengezilwane ezisengcupheni yokuqothulwa. Lezi zinhlayiya akusizo kuphela ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Zonke izinhlobo zamankankane zibhalwe kuRed Book, futhi cishe amashumi amabili azo nawo asengozini yokunyamalala ngokuphelele kungekudala.
Ukuvimbela lokhu, izibankwa zikhuliswa ngempumelelo ezindaweni eziqiwini zikazwelonke. Esifundeni esihlala kuzo ezimweni zemvelo, ukuvinjelwa ngokungemthetho nokuhweba ngalezi ezihuquzelayo akuvunyelwe ngokusemthethweni. Ngesikhathi sokuzala nokugcinwa ezimweni zokufakelwa kwenziwa zonke izimo ezidingekayo zezilwane ezihuquzelayo - izinga lokukhanyisa, izinga lokushisa, kanye nokuvimbela ukushoda kwamavithamini, ama-rickets, kanye nokutheleleka ngama-parasite.
Ama-Zoologists enza imizamo eminingi yokwenza izimo ezifanele, ukuvimbela nokwelapha izifo ezihuquzelayo. Kodwa-ke, uma ungacabangi ngamankentshane ambozwe ngeveli, agcinwa ezimweni zokufakelwa, isilinganiso sezintulo ezihlala ngokwemvelo, izimo zemvelo azinakwa.
Amankentshane abonwa njengesinye sezidalwa eziqhakazile, eziyimfihlakalo futhi ezingavamile emhlabeni. Kuphela banekhono elinjalo elingavamile lokushintsha umbala kuye ngesimo senhlalo, noma isimo sengqondo. Kodwa-ke, lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo ezimangalisayo zingasheshe zinyamalale ebusweni bomhlaba ngenxa yethonya lomuntu nezinye izinto.
Usuku lokushicilelwa: 06.04.2019
Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 19.09.2019 ngo-13: 43
