Iquokka yisilwane esincane se-marsupial esihlala engxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Australia. Lesi silwane singummeleli omncane kunabo bonke we-wallaby (uhlobo lwezilwane ezincelisayo ezingama-marsupial, umndeni we-kangaroo).
Incazelo ye-quokka
I-Quokka yehluke kakhulu kwamanye ama-wallabies, futhi imvelaphi yayo kuleli zwekazi isabhekwa njengengasho lutho.
Ukubukeka
I-Quokka iyi-wallaby emaphakathi ngomzimba ohlanganisiwe futhi oyindilinga... Imilenze yangemuva nomsila wayo kufushane kakhulu kunamanye amalungu amaningi ohlobo olufanayo. Isakhiwo somzimba esinjalo, kanye nemilenze yangemuva eqinile, ivumela isilwane ukuba sigxume kalula endaweni enotshani obude, ngenkathi sithola ijubane elikhulu. Umsila wenza umsebenzi osekelayo. Uboya obuminyene beQuokka budangele, imvamisa buba nsundu noma bumpunga ngombala. Kungenzeka ukuthi inamabala abomvana ebusweni nasentanyeni, futhi ijazi libuye likhanye kancane kulezi zindawo.
Kanye nomzimba waso oyindilinga, lesi silwane sinezindlebe ezincane, eziyindilinga ezingaconsi phansi ngaphesheya komlomo waso oyindilinga onamakhala amnyama anenhlaka. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-wallaby, umsila we-quokka ucishe awunaboya, umbozwe ngezinwele ezimhlophe, futhi isitho uqobo sisebenza njengethuluzi lokulinganisa ukweqa. Ubude bayo bungamasentimitha angama-25-30.
Kuyathakazelisa!Le marsupial ingenye yama-wallabies amancane kakhulu futhi ibizwa kakhulu esitsheni sendawo sase-Australia njenge-quokka. Izinhlobo zimelwe yilungu elilodwa. Iquokka inomhlane omkhulu, ocijiwe futhi imilenze yangaphambili emifushane kakhulu. Abesilisa ngokwesilinganiso banesisindo esingu-2.7-4.2 kilograms, abesifazane - 1.6-3.5. Eyesilisa inkudlwana.
Ngokomlando, lesi silwane sasisakazeke kahle futhi sasihlala kuzo zontathu izifunda ezisogwini oluseningizimu nentshonalanga ye-Australia. Kodwa-ke, namuhla ukusatshalaliswa kwayo kunqunyelwe ezifundeni ezintathu ezikude, esisodwa kuphela saso sisezweni lase-Australia. I-Quokka ivame ukutholakala emahlathini aminyene, avulekile nasezindaweni eziseduze kwamanzi ahlanzekile. Abafisayo bangayithola emaphethelweni amaxhaphozi.
Indlela yokuphila, isimilo
Ama-Quokkas atholakala kakhulu ezindaweni eziseduze nemithombo emisha yamanzi. Yize bethanda ukuba nomsele wamanzi eduze, basathola umswakama omningi ngokuhlafuna izitshalo nangokukhipha ujusi kuzo. Lawa ma-marsupials angabalandeli abakhulu bokwakha imigudu, ezoba wusizo kubo ngokuzayo ukuze bacashe ngokushesha nangokuphumelelayo ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye.
Ihlala isikhathi esingakanani i-quokka
AmaQuokkas aphila ngokwesilinganiso cishe iminyaka eyi-10 endle futhi aze afike eminyakeni eyi-14 ekuthunjweni, inqobo nje uma kudalwa izimo ezidingekayo zokugcina.
I-dimorphism yezocansi
I-dimorphism yezocansi ayiphinyiselwa; owesilisa ubukeka ngathi mkhulu kunowesifazane.
Indawo yokuhlala
I-Agonis isitshalo esikhona eningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Australia... I-Quokka ivame ukuhlala eduze nezindawo lapho lesi sitshalo sikhula khona. Izimila zexhaphozi zivikela lesi silwane esisempumalanga kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezilwane ezidlayo. Izitshalo ezifanayo zinikeza isiphephelo sezinhlobo ngezinsuku ezishisayo eRottnest Island. Ngenxa yesidingo samanzi esine-hypertrophied, lezi zilwane kumele zihlale ziseduze nemithombo yamanzi angenasawoti.
AmaQuokkas adonsela ngasezindaweni zokukhula kwezihlahla ezigabeni zokuqala ngemuva komlilo. Cishe eminyakeni eyisishiyagalolunye kuya kweyishumi emva komlilo, izimila ezintsha zinikeza isilwane okuqukethwe okunomsoco ophezulu. Ngemuva kwalesi sikhathi esibucayi, ama-quokka kungenzeka ahlakazeke eyofuna indawo entsha yokuhlala. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kungaba yingozi ngokweqile, ngoba ukuhamba amabanga amade kumenza abe sengozini yesilwane esidlayo. UQuokka ubhekana ngempumelelo nezinguquko ezithile zonyaka ngokusinda ezindaweni ezinesomiso.
Ukudla kwe-Quokka
Njengezinye izinhlobo ze-wallaby, i-quokka ingu-100% yemifino. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukudla kwakhe okune-herbivorous kuqukethe kuphela izinto zezitshalo ezihlanganisa indawo ezungezile. Imenyu yakhiwe ikakhulukazi ngamakhambi ahlukahlukene axhuma imihubhe eyakhiwe isilwane ukuze ikhosele, ngoba itholakala phakathi kwezimila eziminyene nezide.
Badla namaqabunga, izithelo namajikijolo uma kutholakala. Yize i-Kwokka ibheka kakhulu ukudla phansi njengomthombo wokudla, futhi ingakhuphuka cishe imitha esihlahleni uma kunesidingo. Lolu hlobo lwe-wallaby ligwinya ukudla ngaphandle kokuhlafuna. Ibuye ikhiphe izinto ezingadliwe ngendlela yezinhlaka, nazo ezingasetshenziswa futhi. Ngaphandle kwesidingo esandayo sokuthola umswakama, i-kvokka ingenza ngaphandle kwamanzi isikhathi eside.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Isikhathi sokuzalisa ama-quokkas sithambekele phakathi nezinyanga ezipholile, okungukuthi phakathi kukaJanuwari noMashi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kudlula cishe inyanga eyodwa ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane elandelayo, futhi owesifazane ulungela ukuzala futhi. Abesifazane bazala ingane eyodwa. Isikhathi sokumitha cishe siyinyanga eyodwa. Kodwa-ke, ekuthunjweni, ukuzalanisa kungenzeka unyaka wonke.
Ngemuva kokuzalwa, izingane zondliwa ngonina esikhwameni izinyanga ezingaba yisithupha, ziqhubeke nokukhula ngokomzimba... Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, izinyane liqala ukuhlola indawo yalo, lisalokhu liseduze nowesifazane, lincelisa ubisi lwebele. Lokhu kungahlala ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Abesilisa abayinikeli inzalo ngokunakekelwa ngabazali, ngenkathi ivikela ngenkuthalo insikazi ngesikhathi sokuzala.
Kuyathakazelisa!Isakhiwo senhlalo siyahluka phakathi kwama-quokkas abesifazane nabesilisa. Abesifazane bavame ukugwema inkampani yomunye nomunye, kuyilapho abesilisa kwesinye isikhathi behlangana nabesifazane, bakha isigaba esikhethekile sabaphathi ngokuya ngesisindo / ubukhulu bezilwane zaso.
Imvamisa, ama-quokka females ngokuzimela akhetha owesilisa abazohlangana naye. Uma insikazi yenqabile ukuqomisana kowesilisa, izoshiya futhi inikele ngenkonzo yayo kwenye intokazi, ngethemba lokuthi izophindisela. Uma insikazi noma kunjalo ithanda i-cavalier, ihlala isondele kuye futhi ngazo zonke izindlela ikhombisa ukuthi inentshisekelo yokuzala. Ezinkudlwana, ezisindayo zabesilisa ziphethe kakhulu esigabeni esithile sabaphathi.
Owesilisa ovelele angalwela insikazi nomunye wesilisa osezingeni eliphansi. Eyesilisa iqala ukunakekela nokuvikela insikazi yayo kuphela ngemuva kokukhwelana. I-pair ivame ukwenziwa izinkathi zokuzalela ezi-1 kuye kwezi-2. Lezi zilwane zinesithembu, ngakho-ke ngalinye lamalungu alo mbhangqwana kaningi liba nabalingani abaningi "ohlangothini" Kwabesifazane kusuka ku-1 kuye ku-3, kwabesilisa kuze kufike kwabesifazane aba-5 bayatholakala.
Ukuvuthwa ngokocansi kukaQuokka kwenzeka phakathi kweminyaka eyishumi nezinyanga eziyishumi nambili. Ngemuva kokubeletha, umama uphinde ahlangane nowesilisa bese kwenzeka ukukhubazeka kombungu. Kalula nje, lezi zilwane zingabanikazi abajabulayo bezindlela zokuvikela ukuzala. Uma ezinyangeni zokuqala eziyisithupha zokuphila ingane ifa, ibeletha ingane yesibili, futhi ngenxa yalokhu ayidingi ukuvundiswa owesilisa futhi, umbungu usuvele ungaphakathi kuye futhi ungabanda noma ukhule ngokuya ngokuthi ingane yangaphambilini isindile yini.
Izitha zemvelo
Ngaphambi kokuba amakholoni aseYurophu afinyelele ezifundeni ezisogwini lwaseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Australia, abantu base-quokka bachuma futhi basakazeka yonke indawo. Ngokufika kwabantu, izilwane eziningi ezifuywayo ezifana namakati, izimpungushe nezinja zafika endaweni. Futhi, izindawo zokuhlala zabantu zaheha ukunaka kwezilwane zasendle, ngokwesibonelo, izinja zeDingo noma izinyoni ezidla inyama. Selokhu kwafakwa lezi zidlakela endaweni eyi-quokka, inani labantu lehle kakhulu. Okwamanje, la ma-marsupial alinganiselwe ngokwendawo ngokwezindawo eziningana zokuhlala kwawo ezwekazini lase-Australia.
Kuyathakazelisa!Kusukela ngeminyaka yama-1930, inani lama-quokka lahlukaniswa ezindaweni ezintathu ezisele (ezimbili zazo ziseziqhingini) ngenxa yokwethulwa kwezilwane ezazingajwayelene nalesi silwane. "Impungushe ebomvu" eza e-Australia nabahlali baseYurophu empeleni yadala umonakalo omkhulu kule marsupial yobumba, njengoba yayidliwa ezweni kanye naseziqhingini lapho iquokka yayihlala khona ngasogwini oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga.
Manje abantu balezi zilwane badonsa ukunakekela kwabavakashi, ngoba i-quokka ingumngane ohamba phambili wama-selfies. Muva nje, ukuthandwa kwakhe kuye kwafinyelela imingcele emisha, ngenxa yobuso obuhle kakhulu obubizwa ngokuthi yisilwane esimomotheka kakhulu emhlabeni. AmaQuokka anobungani kakhulu kubantu. Ngeshwa, amabhisikidi nezinye izinto eziheha izivakashi ezilwaneni zivame ukudala ukuphazamiseka kokugaya kwale marsupial encane.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Ogwini oluseningizimu-ntshonalanga nentshonalanga ye-Australia, lezi zilwane zikhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezithola imvula eyi-1000mm ngonyaka. Bahlala eziqiwini zemvelo naseziqiwini zikazwelonke. Ngokuguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni jikelele kanye nokuvela kwezilwane ezidla ezinye ezifana nezimpungushe namakati, lolu hlu lwabantu luyehla ngokushesha.
Kuyathakazelisa!Eziqhingini ezingomakhelwane iRottnest neLysy Ostrov, okwakuyikhaya labantu abaningi kunabo bonke, akukho neyodwa i-quokka esele okwamanje.
Namuhla, le marsupial, ngokomyalelo we-IUCN, yafakwa kuLuhlu Olubomvu njengesilwane esisengozini yokuqothulwa endaweni yaso.... Okwamanje, abantu babo abakhulu kunabo bonke basezindaweni lapho kungekho khona izimpungushe ezibomvu, eziyingozi kubo.
