Indawo esengozini kakhulu yale mpuku enhle umsila wayo. Ngokwemvelo, i-gerbil iyalahleka lapho ihlaselwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye, ekuthunjweni - ngenxa yokuthintwa komuntu okukhohlakele.
Incazelo, ukubukeka
IGerbillinae (ama-gerbils / ama-gerbils) amele umndeni wegundane kusuka ku-oda elikhulu lamagundane. AmaGerbils ahluke kakhulu (kufaka phakathi ukukhanya kwezimpawu zocansi), okunqunywa ngokuba kohlobo oluthile... Ngaphandle, zifana nesiphambano esiphakathi kwegundane, i-jerboa kanye ne-squirrel. Izinga lokukhula lisukela ku-5-20 cm, isisindo sisuka ku-10-230 g, ubude bomsila buyi-5.5-24 cm. Abesilisa bavame ukuba bakhulu kunabesifazane.
Kuyathakazelisa!Umsila ominyene we-pubescent udlulela entanjeni ekugcineni. Umsila owonakele noma olahlekile awubuyiselwa futhi. Izitho zangemuva ezinde zinokufana ne-jerboa: kodwa-ke, kulokhu akusekho umxhwele kangako.
Onke ama-gerbils anikezwe umbala wokuzifihla onesizotha - ngaphezulu okunsundu nge-brownish / buffy-sandy nangaphansi okukhanyayo. Imvamisa, ukumakwa okukhanyayo kuyabonakala nasekhanda: ezungeze amehlo nangemva kwezindlebe. Esifubeni esifiphele noma esikhombe, amehlo amakhulu aqhamukayo ayabonakala. Iningi lamagciwane linamazinyo ayi-16 akhula ezimpilweni zabo zonke. Esikhathini sokuziphendukela kwemvelo, kokubili ukubona nokuzwa ku-gerbil kuye kwaba nzima kakhulu ngokungavamile.
Izinhlobo zegundane leGerbil
Njengamanje, zingu-110 izinhlobo zama-gerbils esezichaziwe, zihlelwe zaba yizigaba eziyi-14. Cishe ingxenye yesithathu (izinhlobo ezingama-35) yafakwa emakhasini e-International Red Book. Kukholakala ukuthi uhlobo olulodwa lusesimweni esibucayi, kanti izinhlobo ezi-4 zihlukaniswa njengezisengozini:
- UMeriones dahli;
- Ama-Meriones arimalius;
- Meriones zarudnyi;
- Meriones sacramenti.
Isikhala sangemva kweSoviet sakhiwe ngabamele uhlobo lweMeriones (ama-gerbils amancane), kufaka phakathi iMeriones meridianus (emini emahlathini).
Indawo yokuhlala
AmaGerbils ahlala eMongolia, eNyakatho Afrika, eNdiya, e-Anterior / Asia Minor naseChina (ngaphandle kwezindawo ezisempumalanga naseningizimu).
AmaGerbils atholakala nasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeCiscaucasia, eKazakhstan, ezifundeni zaseTransbaikalia naseziqhingini ezithile eziseningizimu-mpumalanga yeLwandle iMedithera. Izilwane zizivumelanise ngokuphelele nezimo zokuphila esimweni sezulu esomile, ezihlala ezingwadule, emaqeleni nasehlane.
Ukugcina i-gerbil yakho ekhaya
Abathandi bamagundane okuhlobisa, njengomthetho, bazala ama-gerbils aseMongolia, akhula afike ku-12 cm (ngesisindo esilinganayo esingu-75-120 g) futhi aphile iminyaka engafika kwengu-3-5. AmaGerbils adinga abangane, ngakho-ke awavamile ukugcinwa eyedwa, kepha kaningi ngababili futhi kwesinye isikhathi emindenini emikhulu.
Ukulungiswa kwamaseli, ukugcwaliswa
I-aquarium / terrarium (okungenani amalitha ayi-10) ilungele kakhulu ukugcina ama-gerbils, hhayi ikheji, ngisho nelikhululeke kakhulu. Izindonga eziqinile zizosebenza njengokuvikela umsindo emisindweni eyenziwe yizilwane ezifuywayo ezixakile, futhi ngasikhathi sinye zivikele emfucumfucwini abayiphonsayo... Uma ubeka ama-gerbils akho emgodini (ngokuqinisekile insimbi), hlomisa nge-pallet enezinhlangothi eziphakeme ukuze i-sawdust ingazungezi ifulethi: amagundane adinga ungqimba okungenani we-15-20 cm wokumba okusebenzayo.
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Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ukungena komoya omusha, ikakhulukazi lapho kushisa, kanye namandla aphansi - hlinzeka ngesembozo, ngoba ama-gerbils agxuma kakhulu. Imisebe yelanga ephelele akufanele iwele ezindlini zamagundane. Ukugaya ama-incisors, uzodinga i-driftwood, amagatsha noma amakhadibhodi. Ngezansi, esikhundleni se-sawdust, ungasebenzisa ifula / utshani, bese unikeza iphepha lamagundane isidleke. Ibhokisi lezicathulo elincane, ngokwesibonelo, lapho ama-gerbils akho angaphumula noma acashe khona emehlweni prying, nawo ayasebenziseka.
Kuyathakazelisa! AmaGerbils awaphuzi, ngakho awabadingi abaphuzayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umswakama ophakeme uphikisana nawo. Ngokwemvelo, izilwane ziyaneliseka ngomswakama ovela ezitshalweni ezinamanzi nembewu yazo.
Le gundane elisebenzayo lidinga amathoyizi, isitebhisi namasondo. Kuyiqiniso, esikhundleni sesondo elinezinsimbi eziwela, kungcono ukuthatha ibhola elijikayo (ukugwema ukulimala emsileni). Kwesinye isikhathi, isilwane sivunyelwe ukugijima sizungeze igumbi, kepha siqondiswa kuphela.
Ukudla, ukudla
AmaGerbils anikezwa kathathu ngesonto, abeke ukudla ngqo embhedeni. Izinga lokondla linqunywa yizinhlobo, usayizi, i-physiology nenhlalakahle yegundane. Izilwane ezincane, okuyindida, zidinga (ngenxa yemetabolism yazo esheshayo) ukudla okwengeziwe ngeyunithi ngayinye yesisindo.Izithelo ezinamanzi zinikezwa ezingxenyeni ezinjalo ukuze amagundane azidle ngaphandle kokulandela, futhi ubumanzi obuningi abubonakali esibayeni.... Izithelo ezintsha zifakwa esikhundleni sezithelo ezimisiwe, bese amaqanda abilisiwe echotshozwa kanye namagobolondo, engeza kokudla okusanhlamvu.
Ukudla kuhlanganisa izithako zezitshalo nezilwane njenge:
- utshani (ehlobo);
- izaqathe, ama-beet, ithanga ne-apula;
- ubhanana, amagilebhisi, ikhabe (okuncane ukuze kungonakali);
- i-oats ne-sunflower (i-dosed);
- amaqanda abilisiwe kanye ne-cottage shizi;
- amagatsha amasha aneziqubu ezivuvukile;
- abaqaphi abamhlophe namakhilikithi aphilayo.
Okubalulekile! Kunconywa ukuthi ungafaki amazambane ekudleni, njengoba amagundane alahlekelwa inzalo kuwo ngenxa yesitashi esisheshayo. Iklabishi futhi alithandeki, livusa ukuvuvukala namathumbu.
Amaprotheni emvelaphi yezilwane avame ukudingeka ngokuzalanisa abesilisa, abesifazane abakhulelwe / abancelisayo, kanye nama-gerbils amancane.
Izifo, ukukhubazeka kokuzala
Kukholakala ukuthi ama-gerbils asempilweni enhle kusukela ekuzalweni, kepha, njenganoma imaphi amagundane asekhaya, ajwayelene nokugula okuthile okujwayelekile. Izifo ezivame kakhulu zifaka:
- ukuvezwa kwethambo lomsila (ngemuva kokulimala);
- ukuvuvukala kwendlala yomsila (emadodeni amadala);
- ukukhula / amanxeba ezindlebeni nase-cyst yendlebe yangaphakathi;
- okungahambi kahle kwama-incisors adinga ukusikwa;
- ukuvuvukala kwamakhala (ngenxa yesigaxa se-coniferous);
- ukulimala kweso (ngenxa yomzimba wangaphandle);
- ukufiphalisa ilensi (ayiphathwa).
Kwenzeka kuma-gerbils nohudo, okuqedwa ngama-sulfonamides / antibiotic, ngaphandle kokukhohlwa ukondla isiguli ngama-probiotic (bifidumbacterin noma bifitrilac). Ukuvimbela ukoma, i-saline noma isisombululo sika-Ringer-Locke kujovwa ngomgudu ongaphansi.
Okubalulekile! Ukuphefumula okuhoshozelayo kubonisa isimo esibandayo noma esinye sokuphefumula eselashwa nge-chlortertacycline noma i-Baytril. Amagundane asekhulile ahlaselwa yisifo senhliziyo / unhlangothi ngokukhubazeka nobuthakathaka. Imvamisa, ukuquleka kugcina ngokufa kwesilwane esifuywayo.
AmaGerbils awaphuli umsila kuphela, kodwa nezitho zomzimba, okuthi, nokho, zikhule kahle ndawonye emasontweni amabili. Ingozi ilele ekuqhekekeni okuvulekile lapho ukutheleleka kungena enxebeni. Izithasiselo zikavithamini noshoki (amabhulokhi amaminerali) angasiza ekuvikeleni ukuqhekeka.
Ukunakekelwa nokuhlanzeka
AmaGerbils awawamukeli amanzi nanoma yiziphi izindlela zokuhlanzeka ezihambisana nakho, kepha kwesinye isikhathi ugeza isihlabathi... Ziyadingeka ukugcina uboya buhlanzekile: isitsha esinesihlabathi sibekwa e-aquarium kanye ngesonto.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ama-Gerbils anomchamo ogxile kakhulu ku-ultra, ngenxa yokuthi cishe akukho phunga elithile esibayeni (ngaphansi kuka-4 g woketshezi oshiya umzimba ngosuku).
Ukudla okudliwe uhhafu kuyasuswa nsuku zonke, futhi ikheji lihlanzwa kahle kanye ngesonto. Sebenzisa i-sawdust (hhayi i-coniferous!) Noma ingxube yabo nge-hay njengokulala. Ukugcwaliswa kuguqulwa njalo ezinsukwini eziyi-14.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Okokuqala, nquma ukuthi uzoyithengisela bani futhi nobani, bese kuphela-ke uhlanganyela kuma-gerbils wokukhwelana. Lapho kuzalaniswa, cabanga ngezidingo eziningana zezilwane:
- ubudala obufanayo (obudala ngokwedlula izinyanga ezintathu);
- ngaphandle, kufaka phakathi umbala;
- uzalo;
- inzalo elethwe ekuqaleni;
- ukuhlangana kwabakhiqizi emindenini engahlangene.
Iphuzu lokugcina kulula ukulifeza uma uthenga ama-gerbil kubafuyi abahlukahlukene: lokhu kuqinisekisa ukungabi bikho kokuhlangana okuhlobene eduze, okusho ukuthi inzalo enempilo. Lo mbhangqwana uhlanganiswa endaweni engathathi hlangothi noma "yowesilisa": umphumela wokuya ocansini ngempumelelo ukukhulelwa, okuhlala izinsuku ezingama-25. Owesifazane uletha amawundlu angu-2-8 (kwesinye isikhathi ngaphezulu), ngemuva kwalokho uyakwazi ukukhulelwa futhi. Yingakho kungcono ukutshala owesilisa ngokushesha.
Umama angadla izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zikhubazekile, futhi lokho kulungile. Ingane ayidingi ukuthintwa ngezandla. Kuyanconywa futhi (ngesikhathi sokuncelisa ibele) ukuthi ungahlanza ikheji ukuze ungaphazamisi owesifazane. Ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwakhe, amagundane afinyelela ezinyangeni eziyi-1.5 ubudala, kepha kusuka cishe emavikini ama-3 athathwa kancane kancane. Ngale ndlela, izinga lokuthembela kwabazali babo kuwe lithathwa njengesihluthulelo sokuthambisa izingane ngokushesha.
Thenga i-gerbil, intengo
Lawa magundane awavamile, ngakho-ke ashibhile, ama-ruble angama-50 kancane... Kungcono ukuthenga amagundane kubafuyi kunokuba kuthengwe esitolo sezilwane, ngoba akekho umuntu obheka amagundane lapha, futhi ungaletha ikhaya labesifazane abakhulelwe. Okokuqala, kuzofanele unamathisele amazinyane angahleliwe, futhi okwesibili, kunengozi enkulu yokubeletha izingane ezigulayo (uma ukuzalana okuhlobene kakhulu kuye kwenzeka).
Okubalulekile! Uma udinga amagundane aphethwe ngesandla, wathenge amancane kakhulu (izinyanga eziyi-1-2 ubudala) ukuze ukujwayela umnikazi kuvele ngokwemvelo. Udinga ukuthatha abafowethu abambalwa noma odade abambalwa. Abesilisa ngokwemvelo bahlala kangcono, kepha kuphela maqondana nezihlobo eziseduze.
Lapho ama-gerbils weminyaka ehlukene etshalwa esibayeni, izimpi cishe azinakugwenywa. Yingakho abantu abanjalo behlelwa ngaphansi kweso elibukhali, behlukanisa ama-gerb ngenethi ukuze bahogele behlise umoya. Uma izingxabano zingapheli, amagundane agcinwa ezindaweni ezihlala emanzini ezihlukene. Lapho uthenga i-gerbil, yihlole: amehlo wesilwane esinempilo ayacwebezela, izindlebe namakhala akukho okukhiphayo, izinwele ziqinile emzimbeni.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Kuyathakazelisa ukubona ama-gerbils (ajikeleza isondo, ahlasela ishuni, agijime emhubheni), kepha akunakwenzeka ukuwaphulula noma ukuwakhama: anamandla kakhulu futhi aphume esandleni. AmaGerbils adla kancane futhi angadla ukudla okwomile kwegundane / i-hamster. Kungcono ukungazigcini emakhejini - lapho zishaya uboya emakhaleni azo, zibanga umsindo nodoti omningi. Uma ubeka isondo, insimbi kuphela futhi kusuka kumeshini oqinile, indlu i-ceramic.
Kuzothakazelisa futhi:
- Ingulube
- Ama-degu squirrels
- Ukugcinwa kwe-hamster yaseSyria
- Okuqukethwe kwe-hamster yase-Dzungarian
AmaGerbils awabekezeleli umswakama: awakwazi ukugezwa, kepha udinga ukuthenga isihlabathi sama-chinchillas bese uwuthululela ebhokisini le-vase, lapho amagundane azodlula khona, ehlanza uboya... Abanye abanikazi bafaka abaphuza ibhola, bekholelwa ukuthi isilwane kufanele sisakwazi ukuthola amanzi. Ngendlela, ama-gerbils amaningi aluma futhi aqapheleke, angene emunweni wakho kuze kuphume igazi. Kodwa okubi kakhulu kwe-gerbil isikhathi esifushane sokuphila kwayo.
