I-piranha ejwayelekile (iPygocentrus nattereri) iyinhlanzi edliwe ngemisebe eyaziwayo edume kakhulu kuma-aquarists amaningi, engawomndeni ophelele wepiranha (iSerrasalmidae). Izinhlanzi ezinobudlova ezingalawuleki zingagcinwa ekhaya, kepha ukuze kulinywe ngempumelelo, kufanele ucabangele izici zebhayoloji zepiranha, futhi uyinikeze nezimo zokuphila ezikahle kakhulu.
Incazelo kanye nezici
Kulabo abahlanganyela ekufuyeni izinhlanzi zasemanzini, i-piranha ejwayelekile yaziwa kangcono njenge-red-bellied, red noma i-Natterera piranha. Izinhlobo zokuqala ezingajwayelekile ezidliwayo zavela phakathi kwama-amateur aquarist asekhaya eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu edlule, futhi alethwa endaweni yezwe lethu ngekhulu leminyaka elidlule evela emithonjeni yemvelo ye-Amazon ne-Orinoco.
Ubude bezinhlanzi, njengokujwayelekile, buyahluka phakathi kuka-10-20 cm, kepha kukhona nabantu abakhulu... Zonke izinhlobo ziyehluka ngombala, okuvame ukuthi kube luhlaza okomnqumo noma omnyama oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Isisu nezinhlangothi kuvame ukuba mnyama noma oku-silvery-mpunga.
Isici esithile sesici se-piranha ngumlomo omkhulu futhi ogqamile, amazinyo amise okweqweqwe ayindilinga anengxenye ebukhali ye-apical, evumela ukuthi umhlaseli adonse ngisho nasesikhunjeni esilukhuni kakhulu sesisulu sakhe. Kuyo yomibili imihlathi, amazinyo anesakhiwo esifanayo ncamashi, kodwa irowu engenhla incane, futhi ezimweni zomlomo ovaliwe utholakala ezikhaleni eziphakathi kwamazinyo aphansi. Imihlathi isebenza ngaphansi kwethonya lemisipha enamandla yemisipha. Isici esihlukile somhlathi ongezansi ukuhlehla kwayo phambili nokugoba kahle kwamazinyo emuva.
Indawo yokusabalalisa yemvelo
IPiranha - inhlanzi yokufunda... Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, lesi sidlakela esiyingqayizivele sibuthana ezikoleni ezinkulu kakhulu ezihlala echibini lemvelo elisendaweni yezwekazi laseNingizimu Melika. Indawo yokuhlala yemvelo - iAmazon, iParaguay, iParana kanye ne-Essequibo, kepha abantu abaningi kakhulu batholakala emazweni anjengeColombia, iVenezuela, iGuyana, iParaguay, iBrazil kanye neCentral Argentina.
Izinhlanzi ezidla imifula zithanda ukuzingela inyamazane emanzini angajulile noma emanzini anodaka, ngakho-ke, akuvamile kakhulu olwandle, lapho lokhu kudla okungajwayelekile kudliwa khona ithuba lokuzala. Isikhathi sokuzala endaweni yaso yemvelo sisukela ngoMeyi kuya ku-Agasti. Ukuminza kwenza ama-piranha azinze emadamini agcwele izinhlanzi.
Kuyathakazelisa!IPiranha uhlobo lomfula oluhlelekile, ngakho-ke, njengomthetho, kuphela izakhamuzi zasemanzini ezibuthakathaka noma ezigula kakhulu eziba yisisulu sazo.
Izici zokugcina ekuthunjweni
Ukuzalaniswa kwepiranha ekhaya kuyaqabukela kuhambisane nobunzima.... Ngaphezu kwepiranha ejwayelekile, ama-aquarists asekhaya akhuliswa ngenkuthalo:
- iPiranha incane;
- i-piranha encane
- ifulegi lepiranha;
- metinnis ejwayelekile neyenyanga;
- i-pacu enebhande elibomvu noma elibomvu;
- i-redfin yemayela.
Ama-piranhas e-Aquarium ayizidalwa ezimangalisayo, ezinamahloni kakhulu futhi eziqaphile, ngakho-ke, ngokuhamba okungazelelwe ngenkathi kuthuthwa noma kubanjwa, izinhlanzi zicwila ngokushesha ziye phansi. Isidalwa esingaphandle sakha kabusha ngamandla, futhi isikhumba namaphiko alimele bayakwazi ukululama kahle.
Okubalulekile!Isikole esizogcwaliswa e-aquarium kufanele sibe seminyakeni efanayo nangosayizi ofanayo. Kunconywa ukugcina uhlobo olulodwa ku-aquarium eyodwa, okuzovimbela izingxabano nokucindezeleka.
Omakhelwane bezinhlanzi ezidlayo badinga ukukhethwa ngendlela efanele, kunikezwe izintandokazi, izingane, izingane ezincane kanye nezinkemba, kanye ne-catfish yezikhali.
Ukuhlelwa kwe-aquarium
Isikole esisodwa sama-piranhas, esinezinhlanzi ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisishiyagalombili, kufanele sigcinwe emanzini, umthamo wawo ongahluka phakathi kwamalitha angu-170-200... Abantu abasha bangaxazululwa ku-aquarium engenamandla kangako, futhi kubantu abadala, kunalokho, i-aquarium enomthamo wamanzi wamalitha angama-300-500 iyadingeka. Izakhi ezahlukahlukene zokuhlobisa zingasetshenziselwa ukuhlobisa, kufaka phakathi amatshe anobukhulu obuhlukile, izinkuni zemvelo ezikhukhulayo, kanye nezitshalo eziphilayo noma izitshalo zokufakelwa.
Ukugcwalisa i-aquarium, amanzi asetshenziswayo anokuphendula okuncane kwe-asidi noma kokungathathi hlangothi. Amanani we-pH afanele kufanele abe ngu-5.5-7. Izimo zokushisa ezinethezekile zingahluka phakathi kuka-24-26˚С Amanzi anomoya-mpilo kufanele agcinwe ehlanzekile njalo, lapho okweshumi ketshezi kusuka kumthamo ophelele we-aquarium kushintshwa nsuku zonke. Kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngekhwalithi ephezulu yomoya nokuhlunga amanzi.
Izici zokuziphatha zisho ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zokukhosela nezitshalo ze-aquarium ekuhlelweni kwengxenye ebalulekile yesikhala se-aquarium, inani laso lonke okufanele libe cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zevolumu isiyonke.
Kuyathakazelisa!Amazinyo asetshenziswa ama-aquarium piranhas, njengomthetho, ngenhloso yokuzivikela, ngakho-ke akuvamile ukuthi alimaze izimila zasemanzini.
Ukudla kwePiranha
Emithonjeni yemvelo, yemvelo, ukudla kwe-piranha kuhluke kakhulu, futhi ngaphezu kwezinye izinhlanzi, okungajwayelekile okudlayo kuyakwazi ukondla ama-mollusk, ama-invertebrate ahlukahlukene, amanye ama-amphibian, kanye nezithelo nembewu entanta phezulu.
Lapho kugcinwa emanzini asekhaya, kunconywa hlinzeka ngokudla okunomsoco, usebenzisa le nhlanzi izinhlanzi ezincane, imfanzi, inyama ye-squid, kanye nemisundu... Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kufanele nakanjani unezele ekudleni ngamazambane aqoshiwe aqoshiwe ne-zucchini, iklabishi elimhlophe eliqoshiwe, ulethisi oqoshiwe nesipinashi. Indawo encane evulekile ibelwe ngokukhethekile ukondla nsuku zonke.
Ukuvikela ubungozi bokukhuluphala kanye nokuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla, ama-piranhas akufanele ondliwe ngenyama egayiwe yezilwane ezincelisayo. Ukudla okunjalo, uma kudliwe ngokuphelele, kubola ngokushesha emanzini e-aquarium, futhi kuvuse ukungcoliswa kwendawo okulimaza izinhlanzi. Umphumela omuhle nokonga isikhathi kutholakala ngokusetshenziswa kokudla okomisiwe okukhiqizwe ngokukhethekile okunokwakheka okulinganiselayo, okuhlanganiswe nazo zonke izakhiwo zamavithamini nezamaminerali ezidingekayo.
Imithetho yokuphakela
Okubalulekile!I-aquarium piranha iphakelwa kanye ngosuku.
Le nqubo ithatha imizuzu embalwa, ngemuva kwalokho okuphakelayo okusele kufanele kususwe emanzini. Ngokuphakelwa okufanele, kungenzeka ukuthi kulungiswe isimo sengqondo sokubekezelelana kwabantu ngamunye komunye nomunye, ngenxa yalokho isigaba sobukhosi esiqinile esakhiwe ngaphakathi komhlambi ngesimo sematriki. Inketho elula kakhulu yokondla umhlaseli we-aquarium ilenga ukudla ngentambo, okwenza kube lula ukususa konke ukudla okusele okungadliwanga yizinhlanzi futhi kusiza ekwehliseni ubungozi bokungcola kwamanzi Izinhlanzi eziwele phansi azidli ukudla, ngakho-ke iba ngumthombo wokukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-microflora ye-pathogenic.
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa zokuqala zokuphila, i-daphnia, i-tubifex kanye ne-bloodworms kusetshenziswa njengokudla. Kusukela ezinyangeni ezintathu, izinhlanzi zingashintshelwa ekudleni kwabantu abadala okubandakanya inyama. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi inani elibalulekile lenyama ekudleni lenyusa ingozi yokungabi nenzalo, ngakho-ke inani lokudla okunjalo kwamaprotheni akufanele leqe ikota yokudla okuphelele. Kunconywa ukuthi izinhlanzi ezindala zihlele uhlobo lokuzila usuku kane ngenyanga, okunciphisa amathuba okukhuluphala kwezitho zangaphakathi.
Okubalulekile!Izicucu zokondla akufanele zibe nkulu. Kulokhu, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokuphakelayo.
Inqubo yokudla uhlobo lwesibonakaliso sempilo ye-piranha. Uma izidalwa zasolwandle zingajahi ukudla, kungacatshangwa ukuthi izimo zokuboshwa azilungile ngokwanele.
Ukuzala ekhaya
Ngokuzalisa ama-piranha ekhaya, kusetshenziswa izizathu ezikhethekile zokuzalela, umthamo wawo ngezinhlanzi ezimbili kufanele ube cishe amalitha angama-300 amanzi. Ukukhuthazwa kokukhiqiza kungatholakala ngokukhuphula izinga lokushisa liye kuma-28 ° C, ngokufaka esikhundleni samalanga onke u-25% wamanzi, ukudla okunomsoco kanye ne-aeration esebenzayo. Ngezansi kwebhokisi lokuzala, udinga ukugcwalisa ungqimba lwamatshe amancane amancane. Ubukhulu obujwayelekile besendlalelo esinjalo akufanele bube ngaphansi kwama-50 mm.
Lapho idala izimo ezikahle kakhulu nezinethezekile, i-piranha yesifazane izalela cishe amaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2-3, ewabeka esidlekeni esake santshontshwa owesilisa. I-piranha yesilisa nayo inakekela inzalo esele ivele. Izibungu ezivela emaqandeni zivela ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, futhi osukwini lwesithupha seziguqulwa zenziwe gazinga, okufiselekayo ukusebenzisa ama-cyclops, i-brine shrimp kanye ne-tubule eqoshiwe.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela
Kuma-aquariums anama-piranha asendlini futhi ondliwe kahle, ungasebenza ngezandla zakho, kepha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi awekho amanxeba noma izilonda zokopha esikhunjeni.
Enkambweni yemisebenzi eqhubekayo, akuvunyelwe neze ukuqhuba umhlambi wama-piranha ungene ekhoneni noma endaweni emincane kakhulu, ngoba lesi simo sivame ukuvusa ulaka ezinhlanzini. IPiranhas iba yingozi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuzala, ngakho-ke ukusebenza e-aquarium noma ezindaweni zokuzalela kufanele kwenziwe ngokuqapha okukhulu, kusetshenziswa amanetha akhethekile wezintambo.
Amathiphu wokukhetha uhlobo
Lapho ukhetha okuhlukahlukene, udinga ukunaka ezinye izici ezithile, kanye nokukwazi ukuhlinzeka ngokunakekelwa kwekhwalithi kokungajwayelekile kwasemanzini. UMileus oboshelwe obomvu noma uMileus-luna ungomunye wabamele abahle kakhulu besigaba se-herbivorous piranha... Lezi zinhlobo azithobeki ekunakekelweni nasezimeni ezikhulayo, ngakho-ke zilungele ama-aquarists angenalwazi.
I-pacu ebomvu ekhula ngokushesha nayo ingenza kahle ngokudla kwezitshalo, kepha le piranha idinga kuphela ukudla okuphilayo kokuzala. Lezi zinhlobo azifanele kakhulu labo abaqala nje ukukwazi ukufuya izinhlanzi zasemanzini. I-piranha enobungane futhi enamahloni kakhulu i-aquarium piranha ibhekwa ngokufanelekile njengeMetinnis ejwayelekile noma inhlanzi yesibuko.
Ama-aquarists ama-Novice ayelulekwa ukuthi athenge i-piranha encane noma ifulegi, ezibekezelela kalula amaphutha athile ekunakekelweni, futhi ezimweni zesondlo esifanele, cishe azikhombisi ubudlova. Uma unolwazi oluningi, ungacabanga ukuthola i-piranha encane.
Thenga ipiranha - amathiphu namasu
Lapho uthenga okungajwayelekile, udinga ukunaka imibandela yokuboshwa lapho uthengisa khona... Izinhlanzi kufanele zigcinwe emanzini ahlanzekile, ngokuhambisana nombuso wokondla, ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi uthenge izimpilo eziphilayo ngokuzithwebula. Imvamisa akunakwenzeka ukuthi uhlole kahle impilo yesilwane lapho uhanjiswa ngesithunywa.
Okubalulekile!Izinhlanzi ezinempilo ziyahluka ngokuziphatha nangokubukeka. Ama-piranhas agulayo awenzi lutho noma axhumene kahle nokunyakaza. Cishe abanaso isifiso sokudla. Umzimba wenhlanzi enempilo akufanele ube namaqhubu, izilonda noma amaqhubu angajwayelekile, kanye nokunamathisela okunamathelayo noma okunamafu.
Ngemuva kokutholwa, ngisho nezinhlanzi ezingakhombisi izimpawu zokugula kumele zibekwe endaweni egcina abantu ngokuvalelwa bodwa. Cishe cishe isonto, abantu abaphilile bafakwa ethangini lokukhulisa unomphela.
Udinga ukuthenga okungajwayelekile okudliwayo kuma-aquarists athembekile noma ezitolo ezikhethekile ngokuzalanisa izinhlanzi zasemanzini. Izindleko zomuntu oyedwa zixhomeke ezinhlotsheni naseminyakeni yobudala, kodwa kaningi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngesigamu esisodwa nengxenye kuya kwezinkulungwane ezintathu zama-ruble. Izindleko zezinhlobo ze-rarest kwesinye isikhathi zifinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziningana kumuntu oyedwa osemusha.
