I-Uaru enamabala amnyama (lat. Uaru amphiacanthoides) iyinhlanzi enkulu ngokwedlulele evela emndenini we-cichlid, engenye yezimo zomzimba nombala ehluke kakhulu. Inhlanzi evuthiwe ngokobulili inombala ompunga ngokunsundu enendawo enkulu emnyama phakathi nendawo emzimbeni, namabala amnyama eduze kwamehlo.
Kuyinhlanzi enkulu engakhula ifike kuma-25 cm ku-aquarium. Ngokuvamile, ukunakekelwa kuyinkimbinkimbi impela, futhi ngenxa yobukhulu be-aquarium, kufanele ibe banzi, futhi amanzi ahlanzeke ngokwanele futhi azinzile.
Kodwa-ke, wonke ama-cichlids adinga isikhala esiningi, kanti leyo enamabala amnyama ayisihle kuphela, kepha futhi ihlakaniphe ngokwanele. Uzobona umnikazi, ambuke ese-aquarium futhi, empeleni, acele ukudla.
Ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi inhlanzi elungele i-aquarium yomphakathi, kepha isebenza kahle ngamanye ama-cichlids amakhulu avela eMaphakathi naseNingizimu Melika.
Kungcono ukugcina i-uaru enemigqa emnyama emhlambini, ngoba zihlala emvelweni kanjalo. Kusephaketheni lapho benza khona ubukhosi babo futhi baveze izici zokuziphatha kwabo.
Ngezinhlanzi eziningana, i-aquarium yamalitha angama-400 noma ngaphezulu iyadingeka.
Ukuphila emvelweni
Inhlanzi yaqala ukuchazwa ngo-1840 nguHeckel. Le cichlid ihlala eNingizimu Melika, e-Amazon kanye nemifudlana yayo. Amanzi asezindaweni ezinjalo athambile, ane-pH engaba ngu-6.8.
Abantu bendawo bayayibamba ukuze isetshenziswe, kepha lokhu akusongeli abantu.
Ngokwemvelo, badla izinambuzane, izibungu, i-detritus, izithelo nezitshalo ezahlukahlukene.
Incazelo
I-uaru enamabala amnyama inomzimba omise okwediski, futhi ifinyelela osayizi obungu-30 cm ngokwemvelo. Kepha ku-aquarium, imvamisa incane, cishe ngama-20-25 cm.
Ngasikhathi sinye, isikhathi sokuphila esinakekelwa kahle sifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-8-10.
Abantu abavuthiwe ngokobulili banombala onsundu onsundu, anendawo enkulu emnyama engxenyeni engezansi yomzimba, okwenza kube lula ukuhlukanisa kwamanye ama-cichlids. Futhi, amabala amnyama angaba seduze kwamehlo.
Kunzima kokuqukethwe
I-huaru yake yabizwa ngokuthi "i-discus yabampofu" ngenxa yokufana kwayo nediski nentengo yayo ephansi.
Manje le nhlanzi isiyatholakala, yize kungenjalo kangako ngokuthengiswa. Kufanele igcinwe ngabasolwandle abanolwazi oluthile, njengoba i-uaru iyizinhlanzi ezintekenteke futhi ezifuna ngenkani. Akubekezeleli izinguquko kumapharamitha wamanzi kanye nokuqongelelwa kwemikhiqizo yokubola emanzini.
I-aquarist equkethe ukudla kufanele ilungiselelwe ukuqapha imingcele yamanzi futhi iguqule amanzi njalo ukususa izinsalela zokuphakelayo.
Inhlanzi cishe ayinalo ulaka uma igcinwa nezinhlanzi ezilinganayo, mhlawumbe ama-cichlids. Kepha, lo mthetho awusebenzi nezinhlanzi ezincane, azithatha njengokudla.
Futhi, kungcono ukuzigcina zibekwe eqenjini, noma okungenani kumbhangqwana, ngoba inhlanzi inenhlalo enkulu.
Ukondla
Omnivorous, i-uaru idla noma yini engayithola emvelweni. Lezi kungaba zombili izinambuzane kanye ne-detritus, izithelo, imbewu nezitshalo zasemanzini.
E-aquarium, kunokudla okubukhoma (izikelemu zegazi, i-tubifex, i-brine shrimp) nokudla kwezitshalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isabelo sakamuva kufanele sikhulu ngokwanele, ngoba emvelweni kungukudla kwezitshalo okuyisisekelo sokondleka.
Imifino efana namakhukhamba noma u-squash, ulethisi, ukudla okuphezulu ku-spirulina yilokho abakudingayo. Ngokudla okunjalo, kungahle kube nezitshalo ezithile e-aquarium ezizosinda.
Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuyondla kabili ngosuku, ngezingxenye ezincane. Njengoba i-uaru izwela kokuqukethwe yi-nitrate ne-ammonia esemanzini, kungcono ukungadli ngokweqile futhi unikeze okuncane ukuze izinsalela zesondlo zingaboli enhlabathini.
I-Huaru, i-severums ne-geophagus:
Ukugcina ku-aquarium
Kwi-waru udinga i-aquarium evulekile, ngamalitha ambalwa we-300. Njengoba inhlanzi ithanda ukuhlala eqenjini, kuyinto efiselekayo ngisho nangaphezulu, kusuka ku-400.
Ngokwemvelo, bahlala emizimbeni efanayo yamanzi njenge-discus, ngakho-ke imingcele yesondlo sabo iyafana. Amanzi athambile 5 - 12 dGH, ane-pH engu-5.0-7.0, kanye nezinga lokushisa elingu-26-28C.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi amanzi ase-aquarium azinze futhi ahlanzeke. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise isihlungi esinamandla sangaphandle, njalo ubeke amanye amanzi emanzini amasha bese uphonsa inhlabathi.
Ngincamela ukukhanya okuntekenteke noma okuphakathi kwamanje nokukhanya okusakazekile.
Inhlabathi ingcono kunesihlabathi noma i-gravel elicolekileyo, nobukhulu obuhle, ngoba inhlanzi ithanda ukumba kuyo.
Ngokuqondene nezitshalo, i-uaru ayizona abangane nazo, noma kunalokho, ziyathanda ukuzidla. Kungaba izitshalo ezinzima, njenge-anubias, noma ubulembu obuhlukahlukene obusinda nazo, kepha futhi zingadwengula lezo ezingenakho ukudla kwezitshalo ekudleni.
Kuhle ukusebenzisa amatshe amakhulu nezinkuni zokukhukhula njengomhlobiso, bese ufaka amaqabunga omile ezihlahleni ezansi. Kusendaweni enjalo lapho behlala khona emvelweni.
Ukuhambisana
Ayifanele ama-aquariums ajwayelekile, kepha ilungele ukuhlala namanye ama-cichlids amakhulu eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu. Ama-cichlids aseNingizimu Melika awanolaka kangako kunabalingani bawo base-Afrika, kepha ngokujwayelekile, konke kuncike kubukhulu bethangi.
IHuaru ingagcinwa nge-discus (yize lezi zinhlanzi ezintekenteke kungezona omakhelwane abahamba phambili), ezinama-cichlazomas anombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka no-turquoise, ama-cichlazomas edayimane, ama-scalars, ama-cichlazomas anemigqa emnyama, ama-cichlazomas anemigqa eyisishiyagalombili.
Ngokuvamile, bazwana kahle cishe nanoma iyiphi i-cichlid, inqobo nje uma lezi zamuva zingabathinti.
IHuaru izinhlanzi zenhlalo, zidinga ukugcinwa okungenani ngazimbili, futhi mhlawumbe abantu abaningana, bese bekhulisa isikhundla sobukhosi futhi beveze ama-nuances wokuziphatha kwabo. Kuyiqiniso, umhlambi onjalo udinga i-aquarium evulekile.
Ukungafani ngokocansi
Kunzima ukuhlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane, kepha, njengomthetho, kukhulu ngandlela thile, futhi i-ovipositor iyabonakala kowesifazane.
Ukuzala
Ukuzalisa le cichlid kunzima impela, mhlawumbe yilesi sizathu sokusatshalaliswa kwayo okuncane.
Okokuqala, kunzima ukuhlukanisa owesifazane nowesilisa, ngakho-ke uma ufuna ukuthola inzalo, kungcono ube nezinhlanzi eziyisithupha noma ngaphezulu, futhi lezi zibhangqwana zizozihambela zodwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuzala, umbhangqwana udinga i-aquarium evulekile, kusuka kumalitha angama-300.
Yize insikazi ithanda izindawo ezimnyama neziyimfihlo ukubeka amaqanda, lokhu akubabeki abazali, bavame ukwesaba futhi badle amaqanda.
Kunconywa ukuthi uzale okokuqala ngqa e-aquarium ejwayelekile, ngoba ukuzala kokuqala kuhlotshaniswa nengcindezi enkulu kubo. Futhi ukuba khona komakhelwane kudala ukuvela kwesongo futhi kuphoqa izinhlanzi ukuthi zivikele i-clutch.
Ukuze ubavimbe ekudleni i-caviar ngenkathi abazali bephazamisekile, ungavimba umcebo ngokwahlukanisa. Ngakho-ke, izinhlanzi zizobona abaphikisi, kepha ngeke bakwazi ukufika emaqandeni.
Insikazi izalela amaqanda ayikhulu kuya kwayi-400, futhi bobabili abazali bayayinakekela. IMaleki ichanyuselwa zingakapheli izinsuku ezine, futhi ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu, ifinyelele usayizi ka-5 cm ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.
Abasakhulayo badla amafinyila abawakhetha kubazali babo, ngakho-ke akuwona umqondo omuhle ukuwaxosha, ikakhulukazi uma ungenalwazi.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuliphikisi iqiniso lokuthi gazinga lidinga ukondliwa, kulula kakhulu ukwenza lokhu ngokunikeza i-Artemia nauplii.
Amafry amnyama ngombala, kancane kancane aba phuzi ngamachashazi amhlophe, futhi lapho efinyelela ku-5 cm aqala ukungcola.
