Inani lobisi lwembuzi laziwa isikhathi eside. Iqukethe amavithamini amaningi ahlukahlukene nezinye izinto eziyigugu, kunconywa ukuthi uyiphuze abesifazane ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, ukuze unganciphisi ikhwalithi nobungako bobisi lwebele.
Kepha imbuzi inika cishe ubisi oluncane okuphindwe kane ngesivuno ngasinye sobisi kunenkomo, kanti ubisi lwembuzi lubaluleke kakhulu, ngakho-ke kunzima kakhulu ukulithenga. Izinhlobo zezimbuzi zihlukaniswe nge-downy, inyama, inyama kanye nobisi. Kodwa-ke, okunomsoco kakhulu futhi okubaluleke kakhulu ubisi olutholakala ezimbuzini zobisi.
Enye yezinzuzo zalezi zimbuzi ukungabi nephunga obisini, ngakho-ke abalimi abaningi bagcina ngokukhethekile izimbuzi zobisi egcekeni lakhe. Izinhlobo eziyinhloko ezinjalo kuzoxoxwa ngazo ngezansi.
Ungayikhetha kanjani imbuzi yobisi epulazini lakho
Izinhlobo zezimbuzi zobisi zazikhuliswa ngabalimi ukuze zikhule ezifundeni ezithile ezinezimo zezulu ezinesimo, ngakho-ke ngaphambi kokuthenga lesi silwane, kufanele ubuze umthengisi ukuthi ngabe lesi silwane singahlala endaweni ethile, ingabe sizobekezelela ubusika obunzima noma ihlobo elishisa kakhulu. Isimo sezulu sithinta kakhulu umkhiqizo wobisi wezimbuzi, kanye nekhwalithi yobisi.
Akufanele uxoshe izinhlobo zaphesheya zalezi zilwane ezifuywayo - kungenzeka ukuthi esifundeni esisha sembuzi, kuzothatha isikhathi eside ukujwayela indawo yokuhlala kanye nokudla.
Kungcono ukuthenga izimbuzi zobisi zasendaweni, ezihlala ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane zihlala endaweni efanayo, zijwayele ukudla kwendawo "okuluhlaza", ngesikhathi sonke sehlobo ziyaxoshwa ziyodla emadlelweni, konga ekuthengeni ukudla okuhlanganisiwe. Futhi ebusika, abanikazi abashisekayo bangahlala begunda futhi bome utshani obanele bezintandokazi zabo zobisi.
Izindlela zokukhetha imbuzi yobisi
Ochwepheshe babheka izindlela ezibalulekile zokukhetha imbuzi enesivuno esikhulu sobisi:
- ukuma kombele (nokuthungwa kwawo);
- isilinganiso sosayizi ongemuva, okhalo, isifuba;
- ukubeka kahle izitho.
Ochwepheshe bancoma ukunaka lezi zici eziyinhloko ezilandelayo zabantu abazinikezele kakhulu:
- noma ngabe izingxenye zangaphambili nezingemuva zomzimba zisezingeni elifanayo - lokhu kungenye yezimpawu eziyinhloko zokuzala kwesilwane, kepha kungenzeka kungabi yimbangela yokukhiqizwa kobisi olukhulu;
- futhi udinga ukuhlola ngokucophelela umbele wembuzi. Izingxenye zalo ezimbili akudingeki zihlukaniswe ngokucacile. Ukuma kombele wesifazane wobisi kumise okwamapheya noma kuyindilinga, umbele ngokwawo mkhulu, uqine kakhulu. Lapho ushaya ngamandla, akufanele kube nezimpawu kuwo. Umbele olengayo uphawu olubi, imbuzi enjalo izoba nesivuno esiphansi sobisi;
- usayizi wezingono usondele kwesilinganiso, kufanele unamathele ezindaweni ezihlukile;
- isikhumba sombele sinwebeka, asihlanganisiwe ngoboya.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ungagcini ngokuhlola okubonakalayo kwalesi silwane lapho uphumule - udinga ukubheka umbele ngenkathi isilwane sihamba. Embuzini yobisi, ayilengeli ekushayweni kwezitebhisi futhi ayileli phansi.
Ezimbuzini zobisi ijazi akufanele libe lide kakhulu - lapho-ke kulula ukubanakekela. Uneminyaka emingaki isilwane esitholakele, amazinyo akhe azotshela. Embuzini ezinonyaka owodwa nengxenye ubudala, ama-incisors awakakhuli, amazinyo obisi kancane kancane athathelwa indawo yi-molars eneminyaka emibili.
Ngemuva kokuzala iwundlu lokuqala, imbuzi ayisanikezi ubisi oluhle; iqala ukusenga ngemuva kokuzalwa kwenzalo yesibili. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyisithupha, inani lokukhiqiza ubisi liqala ukwehla.
Izimbuzi ze-Saanen
Izimbuzi zeZaanen zingabakhiqizi bobisi obumnandi kakhulu futhi obubaluleke kakhulu, futhi maqondana nokukhiqizwa kobisi, zibalwa kuqala kuzo zonke izinhlobo zobisi. Kungabizwa ngokuphephauhlobo lwezimbuzi zobisi... Ukuphakama kwezimbuzi ekubuneni kungama-94 cm, izimbuzi - 77 cm, ivolumu yomzimba - kusuka kuma-80 kuye kuma-84 cm.Isisindo somzimba ezilwaneni ezindala singafinyelela kuma-95-98 kg.
Ngokunakekelwa okuhle kanye nokudla okukhethwe kahle, owesifazane oyedwa walolu hlobo angadla kuze kufike kumalitha angama-750 ngonyaka. ubisi, nezimbuzi eziphula amarekhodi zinganikeza ngaphezu kwamalitha ayi-1100. ubisi lwekhwalithi ephezulu olunamafutha acishe abe yi-3.9%, futhi isikhathi sokuncelisa singahlala ezinyangeni eziyi-10.5-11.
Izinga elijwayelekile lokuzala:
- umbala woboya umhlophe, emazweni aseYurophu ukhilimu we-saanenes nawo ukhiqizwa, kepha awutholakali eRussia;
- ubukhulu besifuba nangemuva kungaphezu kwesilinganiso;
- izimpondo zincane, ngoba lolu hlobo alunazimpondo;
- izitho - ezinkulu, ziqondile;
- Umbala we ingaphakathi ngomlomo - pinkish;
- ijazi lifushane;
- umzimba uvulekile, emuva kuqondile;
- isifonyo esibanzi;
- intamo voluminous.
Okubi kwalolu hlobo kufaka phakathi:
- ukuncika komkhiqizo wobisi ekunakekelweni nasekudleni;
- ezweni lethu kunzima ukuthenga izimbuzi ezihlanzekile zalolu hlobo.
Izimbuzi zaseToggenburg
Izici zesici salezi zimbuzi: umzimba oqinile, umbala wejazi - mpunga onombala onsundu, ihembe elimhlophe ngaphambili esifubeni. Umhlobo lo wazalwa ngababelethi beSwitzerland.
Esinye isici esivelele salezi zilwane yisiqu sazo esifushane - lapho sibuna zikhula size sifinyelele ku-68-69 cm, futhi isisindo samadoda amadala cishe singama-58 kg, kwabesifazane - hhayi ngaphezulu kwama-42 kg.
Esifubeni sezimbuzi kunemivimbo yesici yombala omhlophe. Ngokwenqubo yokuzalanisa, amabala amhlophe angaba khona azungeze amakhala, izindlebe, izitho kanye nangemuva nakho kuvame ukuba mhlophe ngombala. Ijazi lithambile uma ulithinta, lifushane emzimbeni, kepha ngemuva nasemilenzeni ephezulu likhula lifike ku-13-14 cm.
Intamo emide ebabazekayo ihlangana ngokushelela emhlane oqondile, izitho zikhudlwana kancane kunokujwayelekile.
Umbele wabesifazane balolu hlobo mkhulu, uyindilinga. Kusuka embuzini eyodwa ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, kutholakala kuze kufike kumalitha ayi-1000. ubisi olunamafutha. Izimbuzi zisengwa izinyanga eziyi-8-8.5.
Ngenxa yoboya obuhlanganisiwe obufudumele, izimbuzi ezinjalo zingagcinwa ezimeni zaseSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude, kepha zingagcinwa lapho kuphela ehlobo ezindaweni ezivulekile.
Izimbuzi zaseNubian Isici esivelele salezi zimbuzi ilukuluku elingenakuguqulwa. Izwe lakulezi zilwane iGreat Britain.
Esinye sezici eziyinhloko zezilwane ezinjalo ukuthembela ngqo ekukhiqizeni ubisi ezimweni zokugcina nokudla. Ngokunakekelwa okungalungile, umkhiqizo wobisi wamaNubiya wehla kakhulu.
Okuqukethwe kwamafutha obisi lwezimbuzi ezinjalo kuphakeme kakhulu - ngaphezu kuka-4.4%, kanti inani lamaprotheni lidlula u-3.6%.
Ubisi oluhlwabusayo ngokungajwayelekile olunambitheka okakhilimu alunalo iphunga lesici, kanti amaNubi ngokwabo awanalo "iphunga" lezinhlobo eziningi zezimbuzi. Ukuphakama kwalezi zilwane ezifuywayo kudlula ku-73 cm, isilwane esikhulile singaba nesisindo esingaphezu kwama-75 kg.
Umbala wejazi ojwayelekile uyingxube yamabala amnyama, ansundu, abomvu namhlophe. Inani lobisi kwabesifazane balolu hlobo lincane kakhulu kunele-zaanen, kepha okuqukethwe kwalo okunamafutha kuphakeme. Ukungahambi kahle okuyinhloko kohlobo kungukuhamba kwayo okukhulu kanye nobumnandi. Izingane ezincane zinamandla kakhulu, ngakho izimpondo zazo zivame ukushiswa.
Lezi zilwane zinesimo esinobudlova, ngakho-ke abanikazi badinga ukuphatha umhlambi weNubian ngokuqinile. Ngakho-ke, lezi zilwane ziqala "ukufundisa" kusuka ebuntwaneni, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzoba nzima kakhulu ukubhekana nalaba bantu lapho sebekhulile.
Uhlobo lwaseRussia
Izimbuzi zalolu hlobo ziyiRussia yokuqala, zivame ukubonakala emifanekisweni yezinganekwane zaseRussia - izinwele ezinde ezimhlophe, isifonyo esihlanganisiwe, nezimpondo ezinde ezinde.
Ukukhiqizwa kobisi ezinhlotsheni zobisi zesifazane kuphakeme kakhulu - kufika ku-620 amalitha ngonyaka. Ikhwalithi yobisi iphezulu, futhi okuqukethwe kwamafutha kungahluka phakathi kuka-4.3-4.4%. Isikhathi sokuncelisa ngokuvamile siba cishe izinyanga eziyi-7.5.
Abamele lolu hlobo bazizwa kahle ezimweni zezulu lapho okhokho babo babehlala khona, abadingi izimo ezikhethekile zokuboshwa. Umzimba walezi zimbuzi ufana nomgqomo omile - ubanzi, uyisidwedwe, isifuba sisesilinganiso esiphakathi nendawo, ikhanda lihlangene kancane, ligcina ngezimpondo eziyindilinga kancane nezindlebe ezincane ezingunxantathu.
Ubuningi babantu abadala abudluli kuma-48-49 kg, isikhumba sincane, kepha siqinile, sivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwemikhiqizo yesikhumba esezingeni eliphakeme. Yize lezi zilwane zilethwe eRussia zisuka eYurophu emakhulwini ambalwa eminyaka adlule, lezo zimo zashesha ukujwayela ngenxa yokungathobeki kwazo. Yileli hlobo lapho ochwepheshe bancoma ukuthi bazalele abelusi abasafufusa.
Imbuzi yobisi ye-Alpine
Izici eziyinhloko zalezi zimbuzi, ezizalelwe e-Alps, zingokulandelayo:
- ukuphakama kubuna - 75 cm;
- isisindo - 74-76 kg;
- insikazi ingaletha izingane ezifika ezi-3 ngasikhathi sinye;
- isivuno sobisi - cishe amalitha angama-900 ngonyaka;
- isikhathi sokuncelisa - izinyanga 9-11;
- okuqukethwe kwamafutha - 3.6-5.4%;
- isivuno senyama ekuhlatshweni - hhayi ngaphansi kuka-52%.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, izimbuzi zalolu hlobo zathunyelwa eNyakatho Melika, lapho zisathandwa kakhulu ngabalimi ngenxa yekhwalithi ephezulu yobisi, inzalo kanye nenyama enhle ngesikhathi sokuhlatshwa.
Umbala wezinwele zezimbuzi we-Alpine ungaba kanjena:
- umbala we-chestnut onamabala amnyama atholakala ngokungahambi kahle;
- mnyama ngekhanda elimhlophe.
Umbala ogqame kakhulu wezimbuzi ze-alpine uyikhanda elimhlophe noma elinamabala, intamo, futhi umzimba unombala onsundu (mhlawumbe i-bay). Umzimba ukhulu impela, ikhanda livulekile, intamo iphakathi ngosayizi.
Izitho ziqinile, ziqinile, zinemisipha, ukuqhosha okukhethekile kwezimbuzi ezinjalo izinselo. Zigcwaliswa ngento ekhethekile ngaphakathi enikeza ukuqina kwezinselo. Izinselo eziqinile, eziqinile zenzelwe ukwenza lezi zilwane zikhuphuke izintaba ngokuthula.
Umlingiswa wezimbuzi ze-Alpine unentando eqinile, maqondana nezinye izilwane zivame ukuziphatha ngonya. Laba bantu ngabaholi abazelwe ngokwemvelo, ngakho-ke, egodini, izimbuzi zalolu hlobo zingabaholi abasobala. Kungcono ukuthi lezi zilwane zifake indawo ebiyelwe ngokuhlukile bese ziyazihlukanisa nezinye izinkomo.
Izinhlobo ze-Alpine zingagcinwa emakhejini avulekile unyaka wonke (kuncike ebusika), ziyakwazi ukuhamba amabanga amade ngokungakhathali ziyofuna ukudla, futhi zikhuphukele ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo. Kepha udinga ukunakekela izingane ezincane ukuze zingakhubeki ezintabeni.
Lolu hlobo lungaqalwa ngabaqalayo, kepha kufanele luqeqeshwe, ngoba izilwane zinenkani. Lezi zimbuzi azithobekile, zisinda kahle kunoma yiziphi izimo, zijwayela ngokushesha izimo ezintsha.
Imbuzi encane yaseCameroon
Uma singekho isikhala esanele sokugcina izimbuzi ezijwayelekile futhi kungenzeki ukugcina inqwaba yotshani ebusika, ungazala izimbuzi ezincane zaseCameroon. Lezi zilwane zincane, azidingi izinqolobane ezinkulu zokuphakelayo, kepha zinikeza ubisi oluncane - kufika ku-2 litre ngosuku.
Ngakho-ke, akufanelekile ukuzalanisa uma inhloso ukuthengisa ubisi, kepha leli nani lobisi lanele ngokwanele emndenini wabantu abayi-4-5.
Ukuphakama, laba bantu abahlanganisiwe bakhula bafike kuma-48-49 cm, futhi isisindo sesilwane esidala asivamile ukudlula ama-22 kg. Inhloko yalezi zimbuzi ihlotshiswe ngezimpondo ezigoqelwe emuva, intshebe enhle nezindlebe ezibanzi.
Umbala wesikhumba unemonochromatic noma ibala, amabala angaba nemibala ehlukahlukene (obomvu, omnyama, omhlophe). Umsila mncane futhi umile. Izimbuzi zaseCameroon azidingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, zikhethiwe, azidingi okuphakelayo okuningi. Futhi abadingi isikhala esiningi kakhulu esela.
Izimbuzi zalolu hlobo zilungiswa kahle ekushiseni nasemakhazeni, zibekezelela ngokuthula izinguquko ezingazelelwe ezimweni zezulu, kepha azikwazi ukubekezelela umswakama ophezulu. Izimbuzi zemifino zinokuvikeleka okuphezulu, ngakho-ke cishe azingeni ezifweni. Isimo sezulu esomile nesishisayo sikulungele kangcono ukugcinwa kwazo.
Izimbuzi zeMegrelian
Izwe lakulesi sitshalo sezimbuzi yizintaba nezindawo zezintaba zaseGeorgia. Kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo zohlobo lweMegrelian:
- intaba;
- intaba.
Ukubukwa kwentaba kukhulu ngosayizi: ekubuneni, ukukhula kwembuzi kufinyelela kuma-58-59 cm, kanti isisindo sayo singama-67-68 kg. Ehlobo, lolu hlobo lwembuzi luqhutshwa luye emadlelweni asezintabeni, futhi lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo luyiswa ezindaweni eziphansi.
Kungakapheli unyaka, imbuzi eyodwa ingasenga amalitha afinyelela ku-850 obisi, futhi ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuncelisa okusebenzayo, kufika amalitha angama-360 obisi aphuma kowesifazane oyedwa. Okuqukethwe kwamafutha alo mkhiqizo onomsoco kungafika ku-3.8-3.9%.
Umzimba uminyene, uvulekile, emuva nesifuba kungaphezu kwesilinganiso sobukhulu. Imilenze iqonde, iqinile, izindlebe zinosayizi ophakathi nendawo, zimisiwe ziqonde. Ikhanda lihlotshiswe ngezimpondo ezinde, ligoqekile kancane, nentshebe ende impela.
Ukuzala okuphezulu, isivuno esihle sobisi, ukumelana nezifo - zonke lezi zimfanelo ezinhle zibe yisizathu sokusebenzisa uhlobo lweMegrelian ekuzaleni ukuthuthukisa ezinye izinhlobo zezimbuzi. Ijazi lelo lifushane, lilukhuni lapho uthinta. Umbala wejazi nesikhumba kumhlophe noma mpunga ngokukhanyayo.
Isiphetho
Izinhlobo zezimbuzi zobisi ezikhona manje ziyadingeka kakhulu - zenziwa emapulazini amaningi. Futhi uma kungcono ukuthi abafuyi bemfuyo abasanda kuqala baqale ngokuzalanisa izilwane ezingathobekile (ngokwesibonelo, izimbuzi ezimhlophe zaseRussia), khona-ke abalimi abanolwazi bazobhekana ngokuphelele nezimbuzi ezigcwele kakhulu nezithela kakhulu njengeZaanen.
