IHaplochromis Jackson, noma i-cornflower blue (Sciaenochromis fryeri), ithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yombala wayo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, owawubiza ngegama layo.
Ivela eMalawi, lapho ihlala kulo lonke leli chibi futhi ngenxa yalokhu, umbala wayo ungahluka kakhulu kuye ngendawo yokuhlala. Kepha, umbala omkhulu we-haplochromis usazoba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukuphila emvelweni
Le nhlanzi yaqala ukuhlukaniswa nge-Koning ngo-1993, yize yatholwa emuva ngonyaka we-1935. Iyinsakavukela eLake Malawi e-Afrika, ihlala kuleli chibi kuphela, kodwa yande lapho.
Bahlala emngceleni ophakathi kwamatshe anesihlabathi ekujuleni okungafika kumamitha angama-25. Ukudla, ikakhulukazi kudla gazinga lama-cichlids kaMbuna, kepha futhi ungadeleli amanye ama-haplochromis.
Ngesikhathi sokuzingela, zicasha emigedeni nasematsheni, zibambe isisulu.
Lokhu kuze kwenza nephutha, ngoba yaqala ukungeniswa emanzini njenge-Sciaenochromis ahli, kepha ziyizinhlobo ezimbili zezinhlanzi. Ngemuva kwalokho yaba namagama amaningi amahle yaze yaqanjwa ngokuthi yi-Sciaenochromis fryeri ngo-1993.
I-cornflower haplochromis ingenye yezinhlobo ezine zohlobo lwe-Sciaenochromi, yize futhi lwaziwa kakhulu. Isohlotsheni olwehlukile eMbuna, oluhlala ezindaweni lapho itshe lixutshwe nenhlabathi eyisihlabathi. Akunabudlova njengamaMbuna, asesendaweni, akhetha ukunamathela ezindaweni ezinamadwala lapho angacasha khona emigedeni.
Incazelo
Umzimba ohlanganisiwe, owakudala wama-cichlids, usiza ekuzingeleni. Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ukhula ufike ku-16 cm ubude, kwesinye isikhathi ube ngaphezulu.
Isikhathi sokuphila salezi cichlids zaseMalawi yiminyaka eyi-8-10.
Bonke abesilisa baluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-cornflower blue), enemivimbo engu-9-12 emile. Isiphetho sendunu sinomugqa ophuzi, owolintshi noma obomvu. Inani labantu eliseningizimu ye-haplochromis lehlukile ngokuthi banomngcele omhlophe ekugcineni kwabo, ngemuva kokuthi enyakatho ingekho.
Kodwa-ke, ku-aquarium akusakwazi ukuthola umbala omsulwa, wemvelo. Abesifazane bayisilvery, yize abantu abavuthiwe ngokobulili bengafaka ublue.
Kunzima kokuqukethwe
Akuyona inketho embi kumuntu wokuzilibazisa ofuna ukuthola abantu base-Afrika. Angama-cichlids anolaka ngokulingene, kepha ngokuqinisekile awafanele i-aquarium yomphakathi.
Njengabanye abantu baseMalawi, amanzi ahlanzekile anamapharamitha azinzile abalulekile ku-cornflower blue haplochromis.
Izinhlanzi akunzima ukuzigcina, ngisho nakwabaqalayo. Abesifazane besiliva ababukeki bekhanga kakhulu, kepha abesilisa be-cornflower bakhokhela ngokuphelele abesifazane be-nondescript.
E-aquarium, banolaka olulinganiselayo noludlayo. Kulula ukuzibheka, kepha noma iziphi izinhlanzi ezingazigwinya zizobhekana nesiphetho esingenakulinganiswa.
Kwesinye isikhathi inhlanzi idideka nolunye uhlobo, olufana nombala - melanochromis yohani. Kepha, lolu uhlobo oluhluke ngokuphelele, olweMbuna futhi olunolaka kakhulu.
Iphinde ibizwe nangolunye uhlobo lwe-Sciaenochromis ahli, kepha ngokusho kwemithombo yangaphandle, lezi kuseyizinhlanzi ezimbili ezihlukene.
Ziyafana kakhulu ngombala, kepha i-ahli inkulu, ifinyelela ku-20 cm noma ngaphezulu. Kodwa-ke, imininingwane ngama-cichlids ase-Afrika iyaphikisana kakhulu futhi kunzima ukuhlukanisa iqiniso.
Ukondla
UHaplochromis Jackson ungumninimandla onke, kepha emvelweni uhola kakhulu indlela yokuphila yokudla. E-aquarium, izodla noma iyiphi inhlanzi engayigwinya.
Kufanele ondliwe ngokudla okwenziwe ngekhwalithi kwama-cichlids ase-Afrika, engeza ukudla okuphilayo nenyama evela kuzicucu zezimfanzi, izimbaza noma izinhlanzi.
Amafryi adla ama-flakes agayiwe namaphilisi. Kufanele bondliwe amahlandla amaningi ngosuku, ngezingxenye ezincane, ngoba bathambekele ekubeni ngabaminzi, okuvame ukuholela ekufeni.
Ukugcina ku-aquarium
Kungcono ukugcina ku-aquarium engamalitha angama-200 noma ngaphezulu, ivulekile futhi ivuleke ngokwanele.
Amanzi eLake Malawi abonakala ngokuqina okuphezulu nokuzinza kwamapharamitha. Ukuhlinzeka ngesihluku esidingekayo (uma unamanzi athambile), udinga ukusebenzisa izindlela, ngokwesibonelo, ukwengeza ama-coral chips enhlabathini. Amapharamitha angcono wokuqukethwe: izinga lokushisa kwamanzi 23-27C, ph: 6.0-7.8, 5 - 19 dGH.
Ngaphezu kobulukhuni, bafuna nokuhlanzeka kwamanzi nokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-ammonia ne-nitrate kuwo. Kunconywa ukuthi usebenzise isihlungi esinamandla sangaphandle ku-aquarium futhi uguqule njalo ingxenye yamanzi, ngenkathi uphonsela phansi.
Ngokwemvelo, i-haplochromis ihlala ezindaweni lapho kutholakala khona zombili izinqwaba zamatshe nezindawo ezinesihlabathi esingezansi. Ngokuvamile, laba ngabantu baseMalawi abavamile abadinga indawo yokuhlala namatshe amaningi futhi abangazidingi nhlobo izitshalo.
Sebenzisa i-sandstone, i-driftwood, amatshe nezinye izinto zokuhlobisa ukwenza i-biotope yemvelo.
Ukuhambisana
Inhlanzi enobudlova engenakugcinwa kuma-aquariums ajwayelekile nezinhlanzi ezincane nezinokuthula. Bazwana namanye ama-haplochromis neMbuna enokuthula, kepha kungcono ukungaziqukathi ngama-aulonokar. Zizolwa kuze kube sekufeni nabesilisa futhi zikhwelana nabesifazane.
Kungcono ukugcina emhlambini wesilisa owodwa nowesifazane abane noma ngaphezulu. Abesifazane abambalwa bazoholela ekutheni bazale kanye ngonyaka noma ngaphansi ngenxa yengcindezi.
Ngokuvamile, i-aquarium evulekile nendawo yokukhosela eningi izonciphisa amazinga okuxineka kwabesifazane. Abesilisa baba nolaka ngokwengeziwe ngeminyaka futhi bazobulala abanye abesilisa e-aquarium, bashaye abesifazane besendleleni.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi ukugcwala ngokweqile e-aquarium kunciphisa ulaka lwabo, kepha lapho-ke udinga ukushintsha amanzi kaningi futhi ubheke imingcele.
Ukungafani ngokocansi
Ukuhlukanisa owesifazane kowesilisa kulula kakhulu. Abesilisa bakhulu ngombala womzimba oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye nomugqa ophuzi, owolintshi noma obomvu ekugcineni kwempundu.
Abesifazane bayisilvery ngemivimbo emile, yize bekwazi ukujika babe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka lapho sebekhulile.
Ukuzala
Ukuzala kunezici zako. Ukuthola owesilisa nowesifazane, njengomthetho, bakhuliswa eqenjini kusukela ebusheni. Njengoba inhlanzi ikhula, abesilisa abedlulele bayabonakala futhi bafakwe, umsebenzi ukugcina eyodwa kuphela e-aquarium nangabesifazane abane noma ngaphezulu.
Ekuthunjweni, zizala njalo ezinyangeni ezimbili, ikakhulukazi ehlobo. Zidinga indawo encane yokuzalela futhi zingabeka amaqanda ngisho nethangi eligcwele abantu.
Njengoba ukuzala kusondela, owesilisa uya ngokugqama ngokwengeziwe, imivimbo emnyama ngokugqamile ime emzimbeni wakhe.
Ulungisa indawo eseduze kwetshe elikhulu bese eqhubela owesifazane kulo. Ngemuva kokukhulelwa, insikazi ithatha amaqanda emlonyeni wayo iwafukamele lapho. Uzalela amaqanda ayi-15 kuye kwangama-70 emlonyeni wakhe amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu.
Ukukhulisa inani lamafry asindile, insikazi ifakwe kahle kwi-aquarium ehlukile ize ikhiphe ifry.
Okuphakelayo kokuqala yi-Artemia nauplii nokudla okuqoshiwe kwezinhlanzi ezindala.
