I-Drathaar noma i-German Wirehaired Pointer (i-German Wirehaired Pointer, i-German Deutsch Drahthaar) iyinhlobo yezinja zokuzingela ezivela eJalimane. Kuyinja yokuzingela eguquguqukayo ekwaziyo ukuzingela izinyoni nezingulube zasendle, ukuthola, ukuma, ukuphazamisa noma ukuphuma ezihlahleni nasemanzini.
Izifushaniso
- Angalaleli futhi abe nenkani, ikakhulukazi uma engamhloniphi umnikazi.
- Esola abantu angabazi, kodwa ngendlela emangalisayo uyawuthanda umndeni wakhe.
- Uma ehlala yedwa isikhathi eside, kepha ehlushwa isithukuthezi nesizungu.
- Kungaba nolaka kwezinye izinja, ikakhulukazi abesilisa.
- Bajaha futhi bahlasele izilwane ezincane, kubandakanya namakati.
- Ukubhoreka futhi ungacindezelekile, kungabhubhisa ikhaya lakho ngokuphelele.
- Imidlwane iyasebenza futhi iyagxuma kubonakala ukuthi iyakwazi ukundiza.
Umlando wozalo
I-Deutsch Drathaar iyinhlobo encane, ukwakheka kwayo kwenzeka engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-19. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, imvelaphi yayo ayicaci kahle. Abafuyi bokuqala abashiyanga bufakazi obubhaliwe noma balahlekile. Noma kunjalo, kuningi okwaziwayo ngomlando we-drathaar kunomfowabo, isikhombisi esifushane.
Emazweni ahlakazekile akhuluma isiJalimane, izinja zokuzingela ezahlukahlukene zazifunwa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abazingeli babelwela inja yendawo yonke, ekwazi ukwenza imisebenzi eminingi, kepha ingakhanyi koyedwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi zinja kwakudingeka zikwazi ukuzingela zombili izinkukhu nomdlalo omkhulu. I-Germany ngaleso sikhathi kwakungewona umbuso owodwa, ngakho-ke kwakungeyona inhlobo eyodwa kanye nezinja zokuzingela ezahlukahlukene.
Kuncane kakhulu okwaziwayo mayelana nokhokho bohlobo, kukholakala ukuthi kwehla kuPointer waseSpain nasezinja zasendaweni. Kusukela ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17, abalimi baseNgilandi baqala ukugcina izincwadi zemihlambi kanye nokulinganisa izinhlobo zasendaweni.
Olunye lwezinhlobo zokuqala ezaziqiniswa kwakuyi-English Pointer, kusukela kwi-Pointing Dog kuya kwi-Gun Dog enhle.
Abazingeli baseJalimane baqala ukungenisa izikhombisi zesiNgisi bazisebenzisa ukuthuthukisa izinja zabo. Ngenxa yalokho, izinhlobo zaseJalimane sezihle kakhulu, umuzwa wazo wokuhogela nokuzingela uye wathuthuka.
Kodwa-ke, nalezi zinhlobo ezithuthukisiwe azizange zibenelise ngokugcwele abazingeli abathile baseJalimane. Babefuna inja esebenza ngezindlela eziningi. Ngakho-ke, isikhombisi saseJalimane noma isikhombisi esifushane, yize sikwazi ukusebenza emanzini futhi kaningi, asikakulungeli lokhu ngenxa yejazi elifushane.
Abazingeli babefuna ukudala uhlobo oluvikelwe kangcono emanzini nasendaweni. Baqala ukuwela izinja ezifushane nezinja ezinezinwele.
Akwaziwa ukuthi le nqubo iqale nini, kepha ngesinye isikhathi phakathi kuka-1850 no-1860. Izingxabano mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezisetshenzisiwe kuleli cala aziqedi kuze kube namuhla.
Indima yesikhombi esifushane ayinakuphikwa, yize abanye bekholelwa ukuthi ayinkulu kangako. Iqiniso lokuthi ezinye izinhlobo zama-griffon zisetshenzisiwe kuliqiniso, kepha yikuphi okunzima ukusho ngokuqinisekile, mhlawumbe iGriffon of Corthals. Ngaphezu kwabo, nakanjani bawelelwa eStihelhaars nasePoodle Pointers.
Ngo-1870, iDrathhaar yayisakhiwe njengohlobo. Izinja bezihlukaniswa ngejazi elinzima ebelilivikela emagatsheni, ezinambuzaneni nasesimo sezulu esingesihle, futhi liphinde likuvumele ukuthi lisebenze emanzini. Abazingeli ababaluleke kakhulu babandakanyeka ekuzalelaneni kwabo, bekhetha imidlwane ngokwamandla abo okusebenza nangobunjalo babo.
Imfashini yemibukiso yezinja, eyaqala eNgilandi, yafika eJalimane ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19. Lokhu kuhambisane nokuhlanganiswa kwaso ezweni elilodwa, ngaphansi kobuholi bePrussia nokwanda kobuzwe. Abafuyi kulo lonke elaseJalimane baqala ukulinganisa nokuthuthukisa izinhlobo zabo, kufaka phakathi abanikazi beDrathhaar.
Baqala ukugcina izincwadi ze-stud futhi lo mhlobo wahlonishwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-1870.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zinja zaziwa kakhulu phakathi kwabazingeli eYurophu kwathi ngo-1920 zafika e-United States. Ekuqaleni babingelelwa kahle, ngoba abazingeli babejwayele izinhlobo ezikhethekile futhi bengayazisi eyendawo yonke.
Kancane kancane babona izinzuzo zeDrathaar futhi namuhla bona kanye neKurzhaar bangezinye zezinja zokuzingela ezithandwa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva nje inani labantu abagcina lezi zinja njengabangane lenyukile.
Incazelo yohlobo
I-German Wire-haired Pointing Dog iyefana ngokufana neNja ekhombayo enezinwele ezimfishane, kodwa inkudlwana futhi yehlukile ekubunjweni kwejazi.
Le yinja enkulu ngokulingene, abesilisa ababunayo bafinyelela ku-61-68 cm, abesifazane abangama-57-64 cm.Indinganiso yokuzalanisa ayichazi isisindo esihle, kepha imvamisa izinja zinesisindo esisukela ku-27 kuye ku-32 kg.
Kodwa-ke, ziyimidlalo, ngasikhathi sinye zinemisipha futhi zinomusa. Umsila ngokwesiko udokhiwe cishe u-40% wobude bemvelo, kepha lokhu kuyaphuma kancane emfashini futhi akuvunyelwe kwamanye amazwe. Umsila wemvelo wobude obumaphakathi.
Inhloko nomlomo kufana nezikhombi, njengoba inzuzo kolunye uhlangothi ithinta izimfanelo zokusebenza. Ikhanda lilingana nomzimba, linciphe kancane. Ukhakhayi luhlangana kahle kwisifonyo, ngaphandle kokuma.
Isifonyo sinde futhi sijulile, sivumela bobabili ukuthi balethe inyoni eboshwe futhi bayilandele ngempumelelo ngephunga.
Impumulo inkulu, imnyama noma nsundu, kuya ngombala wenja. Beka izindlebe, ubude obumaphakathi. Amehlo aphakathi nendawo ngosayizi omise okwe-alimondi. Umbono ophelele wohlobo: ubungane nobuhlakani.
Enye yezimpawu ezihlukanisayo zeDrathhaar uboya bayo. Iphindaphindwe kabili, linengubo yangaphansi emfushane futhi ewugqinsi nehembe elingenhla eliqinile. Ihembe eliphezulu linobude obuphakathi futhi liqinile. Ubude bejazi kufanele banele ukuvikela inja emagatsheni nasesimo sezulu esingesihle, kepha akumele kusithe imingcele yomzimba futhi kuphazamise.
On the isifonyo, izindlebe, ikhanda, mfushane, kodwa namanje obukhulu. Izinja zinentshebe namashiya, kodwa hhayi isikhathi eside. Umbala wejazi usuka kokumnyama kuye kobunsundu obumnyama (isibindi sesiNgisi), futhi namabala asakazeke emzimbeni.
Uhlamvu
Ngenkathi izinja zokukhomba ezimfishane zaziwa njengezinja ezihambisanayo nabazingeli, amaDrathaars ahlala izinja ezizingela kuphela. Ngaphandle kokuthi bayizinja zezibhamu, bafana kakhulu nama-hounds ngesimilo.
Lokhu kunengqondo, ngoba amaphoyisa anezinwele anolwazi olujwayelekile kunongoti futhi isimilo sawo sikhona jikelele.
Baziwa ngokuthanda umnikazi wabo, enye yezinamandla kakhulu phakathi kwezinja ezizingelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lena inja yomnikazi oyedwa, okungukuthi, bakhetha umuntu oyedwa, bemkhetha kwamanye amalungu omndeni.
Ezimweni eziningi, bakhetha umuntu oyedwa njengomnikazi. Kodwa-ke, uma bekhulele emndenini, bathanda wonke amalungu alo, elinye ngaphezu kwelinye.
Lokhu okunamathiselwe kubantu nakho kuphenduka uhlangothi olubi. Bavame ukuhlushwa isizungu nokwehlukana, ababekezeleli kahle. Badinga ukuxhumana nomuntu nenkampani, kepha ngasikhathi sinye bayaxwaya kubantu abangabazi.
Lokhu kuxwayisa akuvamile ukuba nolaka, akuyona into yohlobo lwabantu. Bavele bagweme abantu abangabazi isikhashana baze babazi kangcono.
Lesi sici sibenza babe abalindi abahle, baphakamise ukukhonkotha lapho abantu abangaziwa besondela. Kepha ngeke kudlulele phambili kunokukhonkotha, bamane abakwazi ukuyivikela ngokuphelele indlu, ngoba abukho ubudlova obudingekayo.
Ama-Drathaars alungele imindeni enezingane, njengoba zithanda izingane. Ziyabekezelela kakhulu, zinamathiselwe futhi ziyadlala nezingane. Imidlwane akuyona inketho engcono kakhulu yemindeni enezingane ezincane. Bahlukaniswa ngomsebenzi, amandla angenakuphikiswa futhi bangawisa ingane phakathi nemidlalo noma ngokungaqondile babangele ubuhlungu.
Bazwana kahle nezinye izinja, yize bezama ukuzibusa. Bathanda ukuphathwa nokulawula yonke into ngokwabo, abathandi ukuhlehla futhi bangaqala ukuxabana nezinye izinja.
Uma umdlwane ungahlanganyeli, lokhu kubusa kungakhula kube ukuhlukunyezwa kwezinye izinja, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwabesilisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zinkulu kakhulu futhi zincane, izinja ezisephaketheni zingabonakala njengezisulu.
Njengoba lokhu kunguhlobo lokuzingela, umuzwa wabo wokufuna izinto uthuthuka kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa okufanele, bazojaha izilwane ezincane: amakati, onogwaja, izinyoni. Bangaphila kamnandi namakati asekhaya, bewabona njengamalungu epakethe, futhi basakujabulela ukuhlasela amakati emigwaqo.
Umhlobo lo unedumela lokubulala amakati, nanyana ungabi budisi njengamanye umhlobo. Gcina lokhu engqondweni lapho ushiya inja yakho ingagadiwe isikhathi eside. Lapho ebuya ekuhambeni, uyakwazi ukukulethela isidumbu sekati noma unogwaja wakwamakhelwane njengesipho.
Ama-Drathaars kulula ukuwaqeqesha futhi anedumela lokuba uhlobo oluhlakaniphile olukwazi ukwenza ngempumelelo ngokuqina nokulalela. Bangabazingeli abazalwa ngokwemvelo futhi kaningi bayakwazi ukuzingela ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, zithanda ukuzingela futhi zivumelane nazo ngokuphelele, ngoba zingasebenza cishe kunoma yiziphi izimo. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukuqeqesha ukwedlula ezinye izinhlobo zezibhamu.
Abanikazi beLabrador bazodideka ngohlamvu lwenja. Bangaba nenkani, babe nenkani, futhi yize bethanda ukujabulisa umuntu, abakuphili lokho.
Amaphoyisa anezinwele ahlakaniphe ngokwanele ukuba aqonde masinyane imingcele yalokho okuvumelekile futhi azame ukukuchoboza. Ngokungafani nezinye izinja zezibhamu, zihlala ziphonsela inselelo igunya negunya lomuntu. Umnikazi akumele akhohlwe ngalokhu, ngaphandle kwalokho uzoziphatha ngendlela abona kufanele ngayo.
UDrathaar ngeke alalele labo ababheka njengabaphansi ezingeni, futhi lokhu kuyinto ejwayelekile nakwizinja ezikhuliswe kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zivame ukuhanjiswa yiphunga futhi zilandele umkhondo, zingayinaki imiyalo yabantu. Abanikazi abazimisele ukuchitha isikhathi nemali ekuqeqesheni bazothola inja elalelayo futhi elawulwayo. Kepha, ngeke akwazi ukuqhathanisa nezinye izinhlobo ezilalelayo.
Lona uhlobo olusebenzayo kakhulu. Kuyinja esebenza ngo-100%, ekwaziyo ukuzingela amahora amaningi, ezimeni ezinzima nakunoma isiphi isimo sezulu. I-drahthaar emaphakathi iyakwazi ukusebenza ngisho nomzingeli osebenza kakhulu, ngokuzithoba emelana nemithwalo esindayo.
Azikho izinhlobo eziningi ezidinga umsebenzi omningi kuneDrathhaara. Mhlawumbe izinja ezihlanyayo zase-Australia ezinjenge-collie yomngcele noma i-kelpie. Abakwazi ukwaneliseka ngokuhamba ngokukhululeka kwi-leash; okungenani ihora noma imisebenzi emibili ngosuku iyadingeka. Kunzima ukuzivumelanisa nempilo efulethini noma emaphethelweni edolobha, badinga igceke elibanzi.
Kubaluleke ngendlela emangalisayo ukuthi ubanikeze i-outlet yamandla, ngaphandle kwalokho izinkinga zokuziphatha, i-psyche nezempilo zingenzeka. Bahlakaniphe ngokwanele ukuthola indlela yokuphuma emandleni abo ezenzweni ezimbi. I-Bored Drathhaar iyinja ebhubhisayo, ekhonkothayo, engasebenzi kahle.
Uma ungakwazi ukukhokhela umthwalo onjalo, kungcono ukhethe olunye uhlobo. Le yinja ethanda ukuzingela futhi ekwazi ukuchitha izinsuku ensimini. Ukuzingela kuyinto ayithandayo, kodwa uzokuthokozela akuphelezele lapho ugijima noma uhamba ngebhayisikili.
NjengamaKurzhaars, amaDrathhaars angamakhosi aphunyukayo okubalekela. Zizalelwe ukufuna nokuhamba, ziwele indawo enkulu. Bayathanda ukulandela umkhondo futhi banothando olukhulu ngalesi sikhathi.
Zenzelwe ukuzingela ezindaweni ezinzima kakhulu zaseYurophu naseMelika, kanti uhlobo oluthile locingo olujwayelekile akusona isithiyo kubo. Uma ingakwazi ukweqa ngaphezulu, khona-ke ingacekelwa phansi. Noma udle. Igceke lapho kugcinwa khona inja kumele lithembeke kakhulu.
Ukunakekela
IDrathaar idinga ukuzilungisa okuningi kune-Isikhombi Esifushane, kepha ngaphansi kwezinye izinhlobo ezinejazi elifanayo elilinganayo. Ijazi kufanele likhishwe kabili ngesonto ngebhulashi eliqinile. Entwasahlobo nasekwindla, uzodinga ukukama kaningi.
Ngemuva kokuzingelwa, udinga ukuhlola inja ukuthi ayinamanxeba, izinambuzane nezinye izinkinga, ngoba kungenzeka zingabonakali. Naka ngokukhethekile izindlebe, lapho ukungcola kunganqwabelana nalapho imikhaza ithanda ukukhuphuka khona.
Ezempilo
Ama-Drathaars abhekwa njengohlobo olunempilo. Njengohlobo lokuzingela, badlulisa ukukhetha okuqinile futhi izinja ezibuthakathaka zasuswa ekuzaleni.
Isikhathi sokuphila esimaphakathi siyiminyaka eyi-12-14, okuyinto eningi ngenja enkulu kangaka. Ukufa usemncane kuhlobene kakhulu nezingozi kunempilo.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi abavikelekile ezifweni zofuzo. Bavele bahlupheke kancane kubo kunezinye izinhlobo ezihlanzekile.
Esinye sezifo ezinjalo yisifo se-von Willebrand, isifo sofuzo esivela ku-genetic. Isifo sokopha siholela ekopha okuzenzekelayo emakhaleni noma ezinsinini. Ama-bitches angaba nokushisa okukhulu.
Ezimweni ezimnene, lesi sifo asidingi ukwelashwa, kepha kwizilonda ezinzima singadala ukufa. Lesi sifo siyingozi ikakhulukazi ngoba asitholakalanga futhi siyaziveza ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa noma sokulimala, lapho sekwephuze kakhulu.
