I-Husky yaseSiberia uhlobo oluphakathi nendawo lwenja edabuka eSiberia. Okhokho bamakhoba babekhonza izizwe ezisenyakatho, ezaziphila ngokufuduka futhi zincike kakhulu osizweni lwezinja. Namuhla kuyinja engumngane othandwayo, okungenye yezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Izifushaniso
- Imvamisa zichitha ngokulingene, ngaphandle kokuchithwa kwesizini, lapho inani elikhulu loboya liwa ngasikhathi sinye. Ngalesi sikhathi, uboya kufanele bukanywe nsuku zonke noma bubekezelelwe kukhaphethi, phansi, ifenisha.
- Amakhoba aseSiberia angazwana efulethini, kepha kuphela uma enethuba lokuzivocavoca umzimba nengqondo. Kuhle ukuwagcina emakhaya abantu.
- Uma inja ingayitholi indawo yamandla aqoqiwe, khona-ke kungalimaza kakhulu. Endlini, lezi yizinto ezidliwayo nezimbiza eziphukile. Lapho zigcinwa egcekeni, zingakumba ngenjabulo umhlabathi bese zimba ngaphansi kothango.
- AmaHuskies awavamile ukukhonkotha, noma ngabe omunye umuntu eza endlini. Lokhu kubenza bangabi yigada, futhi ukungabi nolaka kumuntu kungunogada.
- Lolu hlobo alifanele abafuyi bezinja abaqalayo noma abangenalwazi. Badinga inkosi eqinile ezothatha isikhundla somholi ephaketheni. Kungcono ukuthatha izifundo zokuqeqesha, ngoba lezi yizinja ezinenkani.
- Banelukuluku lokwazi futhi bangalimala noma balahleke uma bephumela ngaphandle kwendlu.
- Ama-huskies anothando futhi aziphethe kahle afaneleke kahle ukuhlala emindenini enezingane. Kodwa-ke, akufanele ushiye inja nengane zodwa, noma ngabe hlobo luni.
- Amakhoba aseSiberia kwakudingeka avumelane nezimo zasenyakatho nesilinganiso esincane kakhulu. Leli khono lisaphila kuze kube yilolu suku, abadingi ukudla okuningi okunama-kilojoule amaningi. Kubalulekile ukubuza umfuyi ukuthi uzondla kanjani izinja zakhe nokuthi yini azondla ngaphambi kokuthenga umdlwane.
- Kunconywa ukuthi uziyeke lapho usuhamba, ngoba bayakwazi ukuxosha izilwane ezincane.
Umlando wozalo
UHusky ungowezinhlobo zezinja ezindala kunazo zonke, i-genome yazo okungenani ehluke kakhulu kwimpisi.
Kunezinhlobo eziyi-14 kulolu hlu, futhi phakathi kwazo, ngaphezu kwe-husky, kukhona: i-Alaskan Malamute, i-Akita Inu, inja ye-Samoyed, i-Chow Chow, i-Shih Tzu, i-Shar Pei, i-Tibetan Terrier, i-Shiba Inu nabanye. Igama elithi Husky livela esiNgisini "Esky" - Eskimos.
Okhokho bohlanga bavela endaweni enzima yaseSiberia, ngakho-ke ijazi elijiyile nokuthuthuka kobuhlakani kwaba ngenye yezimo zokusinda. Ukucabanga ukuthi i-husky yehla empisi (ngenxa yokufana naye) kwaqinisekiswa yizakhi zofuzo, kepha lokhu kwenzeka nini futhi kanjani kusalokhu kungacaci.
Embikweni othi "Isakhiwo Sofuzo Lenja Yasekhaya Ehlanzekile" esashicilelwa ngo-2004, kunikezwa izifundo zofuzo lwezinja eziningi, phakathi kwazo izinhlobo zezinhlobo zakudala kakhulu ezitholakele.
Bahlanganiswe ubudlelwano nempisi, kepha bavela ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene: Central Africa (Basenji), Middle East (Saluki ne-Afghan), Tibet (Tibetan Terrier noLhaso Apso), China (Chow Chow, Pekingese, Shar Pei noShih Tzu) , Japan (Akita Inu neShiba Inu), Arctic (Alaskan Malamute, Samoyed Dog and Siberian Husky). Abaphenyi bacabanga ukuthi izinja zokuqala zavela e-Asia futhi, kanye nezizwe eziyimizulane, bahlala emhlabeni jikelele.
Abokuqala abaqala ukusebenzisa ama-huskies empilweni yansuku zonke kwakuyizizwe zamaChukchi (izizwe eziningi zihlangene ngaphansi kwaleli gama), ezaziphila ngokuzingela izilwane zasolwandle kanye nokwelusa izinyamazane. Impilo yaseChukotka inzima futhi amaChukchi ayebasebenzisa njengezinja zezihlibhi, izinja zokugada, nezinja zokwalusa. Amakhulu eminyaka wokukhethwa kwemvelo adale inja eqinile, enempilo, eqinile.
AmaHuskies aqala ukufika eMelika ngo-1908 futhi aba yinto yokuhlekisa nokuhlekwa usulu. Umthengisi woboya owazalelwa eRussia uWilliam Gusak wabangenisa emijahweni yezinja yezihlibhi, eyayidume kakhulu ngesikhathi sokujahwa kwegolide. Ophumelele lo mjaho uthole ama- $ 10,000 futhi bekufanele aqedele umugqa wamamayela angu-408.
Izimbangi zikaGusak zisebenzise izinja ezinkulu kakhulu futhi zahleka usulu ngokuzikhethela kwakhe, zibiza amagundane ashubile aseSiberia.
Kodwa-ke, umjaho ubeke konke endaweni yakho. Ithimba le-husky lifike endaweni yesithathu, yize abaningi bekholelwa ukuthi belingafika kuqala. Ukuthi nje izigxobo zaziphezulu kangangoba uma efika kuqala, wayezocekela phansi abaningi futhi uGusak wagwazelwa ukuze anikele.
Ngemuva komjaho wango-1909, uHusky waseSiberia wazakhela udumo, abaliqinisa ngo-1910. Ngalowo nyaka, ama-sleds amathathu (athengwa eSiberia nguFox Mawli Ramsay) abekwa endaweni yokuqala, eyesibili neyesine, ebeka irekhodi lejubane endleleni.
Ngokushesha ngemuva kwalokho, bonke abagijimi baqala ukusebenzisa ama-huskies namagundane aseSiberia bathola ikhaya elisha eMelika.
Ngo-1925, ukuqubuka komqubuko kwahlasela idolobha lase-Alaskan laseNome. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokungenisa umuthi wokugoma edolobheni nge-sledding yezinja, kepha ukuze benze lokhu, badinga ukuhamba ibanga elingu-1,085 km. Ithimba elaletha umuthi wokugoma edolobheni laliqhutshwa nguGunnar Kaasen, umholi kwakungu-husky omnyama wamalahle waseSiberia ogama lakhe linguBalto (English Balto).
Ukuqhubekisela phambili ubuciko bezinja, bakhe itshe lesikhumbuzo epaki eliphakathi laseNew York elinombhalo othi: "Ukukhuthazela, ukuzinikela, ubuhlakani." UBalto wayekufanele, kepha enye inja, iTogo evela eqenjini likaNorway Leonard Seppal, wenza ingxenye ebalulekile yohambo. Leli qembu lihambe amakhilomitha angama-418 ngaphandle kokuphumula, labe selinika umuthi wokugoma uGunnar Kaasen.
ITogo iholele iqembu esigabeni esiyingozi kakhulu sendlela, yagwema imifantu nomhlonyane wayikhokhela ngempilo, izinyawo zakhe zenqaba. Abantu besikhathi samanje bazobiza lo mjaho ngokuthi "umjaho omkhulu wesihe"
Kancane kancane, ama-huskies aseSiberia aqala ukuvumela imjaho, izinja ezigazini lazo zingamaphoyisa ahlekisayo, ama-hound.
Bakhombise isivinini esihle kunazo zonke futhi namuhla bahlukaniswa njengohlobo oluhlukile - i-Alaskan Husky, kepha-ke ayiboniswanga ezinhlanganweni eziningi ze-canine, kufaka phakathi i-FCI.
Amakhoba aseSiberia uqobo lwaqala ukuhlukaniswa ngabasebenzi (okungajwayelekile kakhulu), izinja zomjaho nezokuzijabulisa. Kwakungowokugcina owanqoba umhlaba ngokubukeka kwawo futhi wenza lo mhlobo waba ngomunye wabantu abadume kakhulu nabathandwayo.
Incazelo yohlobo
Athandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokufana kwawo nempisi, amakhoba aseSiberia abonakala ngengubo yawo ewugqinsi, izindlebe ezimile ezingunxantathu, nombala wesici. Abesilisa ababunile bafinyelela ku-53-61 bese benesisindo esingama-20-27 kg, ama-bitches angama-46-51 cm nesisindo esingu-16-23 kg.
Ijazi liphindwe kabili, likhulu kakhulu. Yize umbala ungacishe ube yinoma yikuphi, okuvame kakhulu kumnyama nomhlophe, mpunga nomhlophe, umhlophe omsulwa. Umsila ufudumele kakhulu, ukhumbuza impungushe futhi esimweni sokujabula uphakanyiswe ngaphezu komhlane. Izindlebe zimise okonxantathu, zime ngothiphu abayindilinga.
Amehlo amile okwe-alimondi, ansundu ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kepha i-heterochromia ijwayelekile lapho amehlo enemibala ehlukene.
Uhlamvu
Uhlobo lwe-husky lumnene impela, kepha kubalulekile kuye ukuthi aqonde isigaba sabaphathi ngaphakathi kwepakethe. Lezi zinja zaziyigugu ngokukhuthazela nokuhlakanipha kwazo, kwakudingeka lezo zinja kuphela ezazikwazi ukufunda ngokushesha, zenze imisebenzi ehlukahlukene futhi zivumelane nanoma iziphi izimo. Kuyinja enamandla edinga umsebenzi ukuze ijabule.
Ngaphandle komsebenzi wengqondo, bangaba nesithukuthezi futhi babhubhise. Ama-huskies alalelayo futhi angenawo umhlaba, ayizilwane ezidla ezinye futhi angajaha izilwane ezincane. Iqiniso ngukuthi zazondliwa ebusika kuphela, futhi ezinyangeni ezisele amakhoba ayephila ngokudla kwamahhala, ethola ukudla kwawo ngokucabanga kwamagundane nokuzingela izilwane ezincane.
Ukubambisana nokusebenza kwepakethe akunakuhambisana ngaphandle kobuholi obucacile. Lokhu kufanele kukhunjulwe futhi amalungu omndeni kufanele abe sezikhundleni eziphakeme kune-husky, ngoba abokugcina bavame ukulwela ukuphakama kwabo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, bayizinja zomndeni kuphela: ziyadlala, zinothando, zithambile.
Uma umdlwane ufundiswa usemncane, bazwana kahle nezilwane ezifuywayo futhi bazivumelanisa kalula nempilo efulethini. Futhi, izinja ezijiywayo zidinga ukuzwana kahle futhi i-husky izobekezelela inkampani yezinye izinja, ikakhulukazi izihlobo.
Lapha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukubekezelelana okunjalo akulona uphawu lwalo lonke uhlobo futhi kuzigcine nezinja ezifanayo ngesimilo.
Lezi yizinja ezinamandla ezizoba abangane abakhulu babantu abakhuthele. Yize ama-huskies enobungane kakhulu futhi engavamile ukuba namahloni ngabantu, nawo futhi ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke, ubuhlakani babo bubavumela ukuthi babhekane neminyango evaliwe, futhi ilukuluku labo libenza bahambe beyofuna ukuzijabulisa.
Lezi zinja zithambekele ekugxileni, zikwazi ukuvula iminyango futhi zibukele phansi noma zeqe uthango. Le mpahla ihlale kubo kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, ngoba abantu bomdabu basenyakatho bakhipha amakhoba entwasahlobo nasehlobo.
Ngenxa yemfashini nobuhle bawo, ama-huskies abe olunye lwezinhlobo ezithandwa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, abanikazi bavame ukungabunaki ubunjalo benja nobunzima obuzuzwayo, bagxile ebuhleni kuphela.
Izinja eziningi ziye zathanjiswa, zalahleka noma zayiswa ezindaweni zokukhosela ngoba nje abanikazi bazo bengalufundisisanga kahle lolu hlobo.
Uma ucabanga ukuthenga i-husky, nikela isikhathi esanele sokufunda ngohlobo. Vakashela abanikazi, hamba enkulisa enhle, funda izincwadi noma izinkundla.
Uma ngemuva kwakho konke lokhu, usafuna ukuzitholela le nja, bese ukhetha ngokucophelela indlu yenja. Landela iseluleko somfuyi futhi ukhumbule ukuthi lezi zinja zizokumangaza. Futhi akuhlali kumnandi njalo.
Ukunakekela
Akunzima kangako, kepha ijazi elijiyile lidinga ukuzilungisa masonto onke. Ama-Huskies ahlanzekile kakhulu futhi ayazinakekela, ngaphezu kwalokho, awanaphunga. Zichitha kabili ngonyaka, ngalesi sikhathi udinga ukama ijazi nsuku zonke
Ezempilo
Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, isikhathi se-husky siyiminyaka eyi-12 kuya kwengu-15. Ngokuvamile, ziwuhlobo oluphilile, futhi izifo ezihlushwa yizo zinofuzo ngokwemvelo.
Uhlobo lunesifo esiphansi ngokweqile se-hip dysplasia. Bakala izinhlobo eziyi-148 kwezingu-153 ngokuya ngenani lezinja eziphethwe yi-dysplasia, kuphela 2% yabantu abangayithola.
