UPodenko ibicenko (futhi Ibizan greyhound, noma ibizan; IsiCatalan: ca eivissenc, iSpanishi: podenco ibicenco; isiNgisi: Ibizan Hound) uyinja ezacile, esheshayo yomndeni we-greyhound. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zejazi zalolu hlobo: bushelelezi futhi bunezinwele zocingo. Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lunezinwele ezibushelelezi. Inja ye-Ibizan ibhekwa njengenye yezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu zezinja. Sebehlale bodwa eziQhingini zaseBalearic amakhulu eminyaka, kepha manje bayathuthuka emhlabeni wonke.
Umlando wozalo
Okuningi kwalokho okushiwoyo manje ngomlando kaPodenko Ibitsenko cishe akunabo ngokuphelele ubufakazi bomlando nobokuvubukula. Kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi lolu hlobo lwakhula eziQhingini zaseBalearic ngasogwini lwaseSpain futhi selukhona amakhulu eminyaka.
Indaba eyamukelwa kabanzi ithi lolu hlobo lwakhuliswa eGibhithe lasendulo futhi lwalethwa eziqhingini zaseBalearic ngabadayisi baseFenike emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaKristu. Lolu hlobo lwahlala lodwa kulezi ziqhingi, okwenza lube olunye lwezinhlobo ezindala kakhulu zezinja. Kunobunye ubufakazi obusekela le mbono, kanye nobufakazi bokuyiphikisa.
Kuyaziwa ukuthi abaseGibhithe lasendulo babefuya izinja futhi empeleni babezikhonza.
Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi ubudlelwano phakathi kwabaseGibhithe nezinja zabo buqale ngaphambi kokuvela kwezolimo endaweni; kodwa-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi balethwa kamuva esifundeni esingumakhelwane seLevant (iningi leLebanon lamanje, iSyria, iJordani, i-Israel, izindawo zasePalestine, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izingxenye zeTurkey ne-Iraq).
Noma kunjalo, izinja beziyingxenye yesiko laseGibhithe lasendulo; Kunezithombe ezingenakubalwa zezinja emathuneni aseGibhithe, izinto zobumba nezinye izinto ezingcwele, kanti nezinkulungwane eziningi zezinja ezigqunyiwe zitholakele.
Njengoba edalwe njengemihlatshelo konkulunkulu, lezi zidumbu zazikholelwa ukuthi zihlinzeka ukuxhumana nesilwane ngemva kokufa. Lezi zinja zasendulo zazihlonishwa kakhulu ngabaphathi bazo baseGibhithe kangangokuthi kwatholakala wonke amathuna ezinja.
Ngokusobala, abaseGibhithe babezinakekela izinja zabo, ngoba abavubukuli bakwazi ukuhumusha amagama ezinja ezithile. Amanye amagama asho ikhono lenja, njengo-Good Shepherd. Abanye bachaza ukubukeka kwenja, njengo-Antelope noBlackie. Ezinye zazo zinezinombolo, njengesihlanu. Eziningi zisho uthando olukhulu, njengeReliable, Brave, neNyakatho Wind. Ekugcineni, ezinye zazo zisikhombisa ukuthi abaseGibhithe nabo babenamahlaya, njengoba okungenani inja eyodwa kwathiwa ayisebenzi.
Izithombe zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezinja zingatholakala eGibhithe. Kukhona izinja ezifana namastiffs amanje. Baboniswa belwa eceleni kwamakhosi abo empini.
Ezinye izinja zazingabelusi ngokusobala. Enye yezinja eziboniswa njalo kwakuyinja yokuzingela yaseGibhithe. Yayisetshenziselwa ukuzingela inyamazane, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi yayisetshenziselwa ukuzingela eminye imidlalo efana nonogwaja, izinyoni nezimpisi. Isebenza ngendlela ecishe ifane ne-greyhound yesimanje, inja yokuzingela yaseGibhithe ibizothola isisulu sayo isebenzisa amehlo bese isebenzisa ijubane layo ukuyishaya phansi.
Wayefana kakhulu nezimpunga zesimanje ezinjengeSaluki. Akunakuphikwa ukuthi i-greyhound yase-Ivesian yanamuhla ifana kakhulu nezithombe zenja yokuzingela yaseGibhithe. Kuvame ukuthiwa ikhanda likankulunkulu u-Anubis nalo lifana negreyhound, kepha u-Anubis wayeyimpungushe, hhayi inja. Ngenkathi ukufana ngokomzimba kanye nesitayela sokuzingela okujwayelekile kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili kusikisela ubudlelwano phakathi kwePodenco ibizenko nenja yokuzingela yaseGibhithe, kungahle kube yinto engaqondakali.
Kuvame ukushiwo ukuthi i-hound yaseGibhithe kwakuyimpande lapho wonke amanye ama-greyhound azalwa khona, kanye nezinye izinhlobo ezifana neBasenji. Kodwa-ke, abukho ubufakazi obusekela lesi simangalo. Kuwo wonke umlando, kube nezikhathi eziningi lapho lezi zinja bezingakhishwa eGibhithe.
AbaseGibhithe lasendulo babexhumana kakhulu nabaseFenike namaGreki izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Bobabili laba bantu ikakhulukazi babengabathengisi futhi babedume ngokuhamba kwabo ngobuchule. Kokubili amaGrikhi nabaseFenike babehweba njalo ngamachweba aseGibhithe futhi kungenzeka ukuthi babethola izinja zaseGibhithe kuzo. Ezikhathini ezahlukahlukene zomlando, iGibhithe lahlula futhi labusa abaseFenike, futhi futhi, mhlawumbe, laletha inja yokuzingela yaseGibhithe nayo.
Ngokufanayo, amaGreki agcina ngokunqoba iGibithe futhi kungenzeka athumba izinja zokuzingela zaseGibhithe njengezisulu.
Ekugcineni, abaseFenike basungula ikoloni laseCarthage cishe eminyakeni eyinkulungwane yokuqala BC (manje eseyidolobhana laseTunisia), elizoba umbuso onamandla onamakholoni awo. Lapho nje amaGreki, amaFenike, noma abaseCarthage bezithola lezi zinja, bangazithumela ngaphesheya kweMedithera.
Bonke laba bantu baziwa ukuthi bahwebe eNtshonalanga kuze kufike eSpain futhi babe namakholoni kulo lonke elaseMedithera. Izinhlobo zezinja ezicishe zifane ngokubukeka nangenhloso zitholakala eSicily (Cirneco dell'Etna), Malta (Pharaoh Hound), Portugal (Podenco Potuguesos); nangemva kokuhlala kwabantu baseSpain naseCanary Islands (Podenco Canario). ISicily, iMalta, i-Peninsula yase-Iberia kanye ne-Balearic Islands bake bahlala amaGreki, amaFenike kanye nabaseCarthaginians.
Kukholakala kabanzi ukuthi ngabantu baseFenike abalethe okhokho bePodenco ibizenko eziQhingini zaseBalearic, ngoba lezi ziqhingi zazihlobene kakhulu nabaseFenike. Kodwa-ke, abanye bakholelwa ukuthi lezi ziqhingi zaqala ukwenziwa amakoloni ngamaGreki aseRhodes, okungenzeka ukuthi nawo aletha izinja.
Iziqhingi zaseBalearic zaqala ukuduma umhlaba wonke njengengxenye yoMbuso WaseCarthage, kanti abanye bakholelwa ukuthi abaseCarthage babengabokuqala ukudala iPodenco ibitsenko. Uma i-greyhound ifika eziQhingini zaseBalearic kanye namaGreki, amaFenike noma amaCarthaginians, lolu hlobo lungavela eziqhingini kungakadluli unyaka we-146 BC. e. Cishe, omunye walaba bantu abathathu waletha iPodenko ibizenko ezweni lakhe elisha; noma kunjalo, kukhona amanye amathuba.
Iziqhingi zaseBaleyar zishintshe izandla kaningi kuwo wonke umlando, futhi okungenani abahlanu balaba banqobi babephethe iMalta, iSicily kanye nezingxenye zeNhlonhlo Yase-Iberia: amaRoma, amaVandali, amaByzantine, ama-Arabhu kanye ne-Aragonese / Spanish. Kuyathakazelisa ukwazi ukuthi amaRoma, amaByzantine kanye nama-Arabhu nawo abusa iGibhithe futhi kungenzeka ukuthi athumela izinja ngqo eNayile Delta. Njengoba i-Aragon (kamuva eyaba yingxenye yeSpain ngomfelandawonye wasebukhosini) yanqoba iziQhingi zaseBalearic ngo-1239, okwakamuva ukuthi okhokho bakaPodenco Ibizanco babeyobe befika ngabo-1200.
Kunezinye izizathu zokukholelwa ukuthi iPodenko Ibitsenko iyinhlobo yasendulo kakhulu. Lezi zinja zibukeka zifana kakhulu nezinhlobo zasendulo ezaziwayo ezifana neBasenji neSaluki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuthakathaka babo bungaba kude futhi buzimele, okuwuphawu lwezinhlobo eziningi zasendulo nezakudala. Ekugcineni, isitayela sabo sokuzingela sihlanganisa kokubili ukubona nephunga, okuwuphawu lwezinhlobo zakudala ezazingakhethekile.
Ngeshwa, abukho ubufakazi obungokomlando noma bemivubukulo obuchaza imvelaphi yasendulo yePodenco ibizenko, noma ukuxhumana kwayo neGibhithe lasendulo. Isizathu esingeziwe sokubuza lezi zimangalo safika ngonyaka we-2004, ngenkathi kwenziwa ucwaningo olunempikiswano nge-canine DNA.
Amalungu ezinhlobo zezinja ezingama-85 iningi lazo elaziwa njenge-AKC ahlolwe ngemizamo yokuthola ukuthi iziphi kuzo eziyizihlobo eziseduze kakhulu zezimpisi ngakho-ke yizona ezindala kunazo zonke. Izinhlobo ezili-14 zahlonzwa njengezakudala, kwathi iqembu le-7 kwaba elidala kunawo wonke. Omunye wemiphumela eyamangaza kakhulu ukuthi uPodenko Ibitsenko noma uGreyhound kaFaro babengekho phakathi kwezinhlobo zasendulo, kushiwo ukuthi zombili zavela ngemuva kwesikhathi.
Kodwa-ke, kokubili isifundo uqobo kanye nemiphumela yaso kugxekiwe. Amalungu amahlanu kuphela ohlobo ngalunye ahlolwa - isampula elincane kakhulu. Ukwanda kwalezi zinkinga, abaphathi bezinja namaqembu ezinja abavumelani ngokuthi zingahlukaniswa kanjani ibizenko podenko.
Abanye bahlanganisa inja nayo yomibili imigubuzana yama-greyhound kanye nama-hound eqenjini elilodwa elikhulu le-hound eliqukethe yonke into kusuka kuzinyosi kuya kuma-wolfhound ase-Ireland. Abanye bafaka inja eqenjini elinama-greyhound kuphela nama-hound Afghan. Ekugcineni, amanye amakilabhu ekennel abeka inja eqenjini elinemihlobo yezinja ebhekwa njengeyakudala ngohlobo, njengeBasenji, iDingo, neNew Guinea Singing Dog.
Lapho inja yase-Ivesian ivela okokuqala eBalearic Islands, yasheshe yazitholela ukusetshenziswa - onogwaja bokuzingela. Zonke izilwane ezinkulu ezazihlala eziQhingini zaseBalearic zafa ngisho nangaphambi kokusungulwa kokubhala.
Okuwukuphela kohlobo olwalutholakala ngokuzingela kwakuyimvundla, okungenzeka ukuthi yethulwa eziqhingini ngabantu. Abalimi beBalearic bazingela onogwaja ukulawula izinambuzane futhi banikeze ukudla okwengeziwe emindenini yabo. UPodenko ibizenko uzingela ikakhulukazi esebenzisa ukubona, kepha futhi uvame ukusebenzisa iphunga. Laba ngabazingeli bezinhloso eziningi abakwazi ukubamba futhi babulale unogwaja bebodwa noma bawuqhubele emigodini noma emigodini yamatshe ukuze abanikazi bawo bakwazi ukuwuthola.
Ubumpofu namasiko eziQhingi zeBalearic kuholele ekutheni izinja zigcinwe ngokuhlukile kunezinye izindawo. Iningi labanikazi bezinja belingazondli izinja zabo ngokwanele ukuba ziphile, futhi abaningi abazinondli izinja zabo.
Lezi zinja beziphethe ukudla kwazo. Bazingela bodwa, bedla onogwaja, amagundane, izibankwa, izinyoni nodoti. Kubhekwa njengebika elibi ukubulala eyodwa yalezi zinja. Esikhundleni salokho, inja yalethwa ngaphesheya kwesiqhingi futhi yakhululwa. Kwakuthenjwa ukuthi omunye umuntu uzolanda inja, noma angaziphilela yedwa.
Ama-Ibiza Hounds ahlala eziqhingini zaseBalearic amakhulu amaningi eminyaka ehlukanisiwe. Uhlobo alutholakalanga e-Ibiza kuphela, kodwa kuzo zonke iziQhingi zaseBalearic, futhi mhlawumbe nasezindaweni ezikhuluma isiCatalan eSpain naseFrance. Lolu hlobo lwaziwa nje ngePodenko Ibizenko ngekhulu lama-20.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-20, iziQhingi zaseBalearic, ikakhulukazi i-Ibiza, zase ziphenduke indawo evamile yamaholide nezivakashi zakwamanye amazwe. Lokhu kukhulise kakhulu inhlalakahle kanye nokuchuma kwabakulezi ziqhingi. Ngenxa yalokhu, abathandi bezimfundamakhwela bakwazile ukugcina izinja eziningi, futhi babuthanela imincintiswano ehlelekile.
Njengamanje, kuvame ukuzingelwa izinja ezi-5 kuya kwezi-15 ndawonye. Kodwa-ke, ngokuncintisana, i-greyhound yahlulelwa ngokuqinile ngamandla ayo okuzingela yodwa noma ngababili. Ngenkathi iningi seliphakelwa njalo, kuseseyisiko ukubayekela bazulazule ngokukhululeka futhi bengeze ekudleni kwabo ngokudla abakutholayo noma abakubambayo.
Umhlobo lo uhlala ungaziwa ngaphandle kwelizwe lawo kwaze kwaba maphakathi nekhulu lama-20. I-Ibiza yisiqhingi esidume kunazo zonke seziQhingi zeBalearic kubantu bakwamanye amazwe, yingakho lolu hlobo lwaziwa emhlabeni wangaphandle njenge-Ibiza Greyhound, kanti ngesiRashiya igama livame kakhulu - uPodenko Ibizenko.
Yize lolu hlobo lusasetshenziswa kabanzi njengenja yokuzingela eziQhingini zaseBalearic nasezingeni eliphansi ezweni laseSpain, izinja eziningi e-United States nakwezinye izindawo emhlabeni ziyizinja futhi ziyizinja zokubonisa.
Uhlala engavamile e-United States, futhi wabekwa ezingeni le-151 ngo-2019 ezinhlotsheni eziyi-167 ezibhalisiwe; kusondele kakhulu ezansi kohlu.
Incazelo
Lezi yizinja eziphakathi nezikhulu, kanti ezeduna zivame ukubuna ngo-66-72 cm, kuthi ezinsikazi ezincane zivame ukuba ngama-60-67 cm.
Lezi zinja zizacile kakhulu futhi iningi lamathambo azo kufanele abonakale. Abantu abaningi bacabanga ukuthi bakhuluphele lapho beqala nje, kepha yilolu hlobo lwemvelo. I-Ibiza Greyhound inekhanda nomlomo omude omude kakhulu futhi omncane, okunikeza inja ukubukeka okuqinile.
Ngezindlela eziningi, isifonyo sifana nesikajakalasi. Amehlo angaba yimuphi umthunzi - kusuka ku-amber esobala kuya ku-caramel. Inja yehlukile kunamanye ama-greyhound ezindlebeni zayo. Izindlebe zinkulu kakhulu, zombili ngobude nangobubanzi. Izindlebe nazo zimile futhi, ngokuhlangana nobukhulu bazo obukhulu, zifana nezindlebe zelulwane noma unogwaja.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zoboya: bushelelezi futhi bunzima. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi kukhona uhlobo lwesithathu lwejazi, olunezinwele ezinde. Izinja ezibushelelezi zinamajazi amafushane ngokwedlulele, imvamisa zingaphansi kuka-2 cm ubude.
Izinja ezinamajazi amade zinamajazi amade kancane, kepha ngisho lezo zinja ezaziwa njengamajazi amade zinamajazi amade nje ngamasentimitha ambalwa. Azikho izinhlobo zamajazi ezithandwa kulo mdlalo, yize ijazi elibushelelezi livame kakhulu.
UPodenko ibitsenko uza ngemibala emibili, obomvu nomhlophe. I-Auburn ingaba ngemibala ehlukene kusuka kokukhanyayo okuphuzi kuya kobomvu obujulile. Izinja zingaba bomvu ngokuqinile, zibe mhlophe qwa, noma kube ingxube yalokhu okubili. Umbala ovame kakhulu ikakhulukazi i-auburn enezimpawu ezimhlophe esifubeni nasemilenzeni.
Uhlamvu
Njengoba ubungalindela kozalo lwasendulo kanye nesidingo salo eside sokuzinakekela, lolu hlobo luvame ukuba lodwa futhi luzimele. Uma ufuna inja ethandana ngokweqile, uPodenko ibizenko akuyona indlela engcono kakhulu ongayikhetha.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi lezi zinja ngeke zakhe ubuhlobo obuseduze nemindeni yazo noma ngeke zifune ukuzithobelana kwesinye isikhathi, kepha zivame ukuba nentshisekelo kuzo kunakuwe. Iningi lizwana kahle nezingane uma zihlangana kahle.
UPodenko ibitsenko akathandi ukubingelela abafokazi ngemfudumalo, futhi uyaxwaya ngandlela thile ngabo. Kodwa-ke, izinja ezihlangene kahle zinobungane futhi azivamile ukuba nolaka.
Lolu hlobo aludumile ngokuhlala kwalo ngobudlova.
Izinja zizwela kakhulu ekucindezelekeni ekhaya. Bazocasulwa kakhulu yizimpikiswano ezinkulu noma izimpi, kuze kufike ezingeni lokuthi bangagula emzimbeni. Uma ungahlali ekhaya elinobunye lokhu akulona uhlobo.
UPodenko ibitsenko uzingelene nezinye izinja amakhulu eminyaka. Ngenxa yalokho, zizwana kahle nezinye izinja lapho zihlangana kahle. Uhlobo alunalo idumela lokuthi luvelele noma luyesabisa.
Uma ufuna inja endlini nezinye izinja, kungaba yisinqumo esihle kuwe. Kodwa-ke, kuhlale kunconywa ukuthi uqaphele kakhulu lapho wethula izinja ezintsha komunye nomunye.
Kodwa-ke, isimo sengqondo esihle asidluli nakwezinye izilwane. Lezi zinja zazalelwa ukuzingela izilwane ezincane ezifana nonogwaja. Ngenxa yalokho, uPodenko Ibitsenko unesinye sezimo ezinamandla kakhulu zokuzingela kuzo zonke izinhlobo.
Lokhu akusho ukuthi inja ekhuliswe eduze kwekati ngeke ikwazi ukuyamukela emhlambini wayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuzibandakanya ngokuphelele nokuqeqeshwa kubaluleke kakhulu. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngisho inja eqeqeshwe kahle kakhulu kwesinye isikhathi ivumela imizwa yayo ukuba ithathe izintambo, nokuthi inja engakaze ijahe ikati lakho lesilwane ingakwazi ukujaha ibulale ikati lomakhelwane wakho.
Kuyinja ehlakaniphile futhi ingafunda ngokushesha okukhulu.Lezi zinja zisabela kakhulu ekuqeqeshweni kunamanye ama-greyhounds amaningi futhi ziyakwazi ukuncintisana emincintiswaneni ehlukahlukene yokulalela neyokushesha.
Kodwa-ke, ukuzala akuyona neze iLabrador Retriever. Noma iyiphi irejimeni lokuqeqeshwa okufanele ifake inani elikhulu lemiklomelo. Ukumemeza nokujezisa kuzokwenza inja ikucasukele. Yize uPodenko ibizenko eqeqeshwa impela, bakhetha ukwenza abakuthandayo, futhi nezinja eziqeqeshwe kakhulu zingayinaka imiyalo yabaninizo.
UPodenko ibizenko imvamisa ukhululeke kakhulu futhi uzolile uma esendlini, futhi unedumela lokuba ngumuntu ovilaphayo. Kodwa-ke, bayizinja ezakhelwe ezemidlalo kakhulu futhi badinga inani elifanele lokuzivocavoca umzimba. Lokhu kungenye yezinhlobo zezinja ezisheshayo ezinamandla amakhulu. Futhi zingaphezu kokukwazi ukweqa uthango.
UPodenko Ibizenko uzokujabulela ukubuka i-TV eceleni kwakho amahora ambalwa, kepha kufanele uqale ngokunikeza inja yakho amandla. Lolu hlobo ludinga ukuhamba ibanga elide nsuku zonke. Izinja ezingakutholi ukuzivocavoca okunzima nsuku zonke zingakha izinkinga zokuziphatha noma ezingokomzwelo.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi izinja zihlale zine-leash, ngaphandle kokuthi zisendaweni ebiyelwe ephephe kakhulu, njengoba lezi zinja zinemizwelo enamandla yokuzingela ebenza bajahe noma yini abayibonayo, abayizwayo noma abayinukayo, futhi bazimele, kaningi uncamela ukuziba izingcingo zakho ukuze ubuye.
Kwaphela amakhulu eminyaka, lezi zinja zazivunyelwa ukuzulazula ngokukhululekile zifuna ukudla. Zivuswa kalula futhi zizojaha noma yisiphi isilwane esincane esiza emkhakheni waso wokubona. Akuzona nje kuphela ukuthi lezi zinja zivame ukufuna ukubaleka, zingaphezu kwamandla okwenza lokho. Banobuhlakani futhi bangathola imizila yokuphunyuka. Kunconywa ukuthi lezi zinja zingashiywa zodwa zinganakiwe egcekeni, uma kungaphephile kakhulu.
Ukunakekela
Lena inja elula kakhulu ukuyigcina. Azikho izinhlobo zoboya ezidinga ukunakekelwa kochwepheshe. Ngokungafani nezinja eziningi ezimbozwe amahhadlahhadla, ama-ibisani anombala ojiyile awadingi ukuthi akhiwe.
Ezempilo
Inja enempilo. Kuze kube muva nje, inja ibingaphansi kwezindlela zokuzalela ezingabazekayo ezaholela ezinkingeni eziningi zezempilo kwezinye izinhlobo.
Eqinisweni, lezi zinja ngokuyinhloko zazinomthwalo wokuzizala ngokwazo, okwaholela enanini eliphilile. Isikhathi sokuphila salolu hlobo siyiminyaka eyi-11 kuya kwengu-14, okuyinto eningi enja yalolu sayizi. Kodwa-ke, kunezinkinga eziningana zezempilo lohlobo oluthambekele kuzo.
Iningi lizwela ngokweqile kuma-anesthetics. Lezi zinja zivame ukuhlupheka lapho zihlinzwa, ezinye zazo ezibulalayo.
Ngenkathi odokotela bezilwane abaningi bekwazi lokhu, uma udokotela wezilwane engakaze asebenzisane nalolu hlobo olungavamile ngaphambili, qiniseka ukumxwayisa. Futhi, qaphela kakhulu lapho ukhetha izinto zokuhlanza izindlu, futhi ikakhulukazi lapho ufafaza izibulala-zinambuzane.
I-Ibizan Greyhound iyabazwela kakhulu futhi ingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yokungezwani komzimba nayo.
