Inyoka yokhozi lwenyoka kungokwalabo umndeni oklebe. Njengoba igama liphakamisa, idla izinyoka, kepha lokhu akuyona yonke into edliwayo yenyoni edla inyama. Ezinganekwaneni zasendulo, umuntu odla izinyoka uvame ukubizwa ngokuthi umqhekhi onyawo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma umane aqhekeze.
Incazelo nezici
Abanye abantu baphambanisa ukhozi lwenyoka nokhozi, kepha uma unake kakhudlwana uzobona ukufana okuncane phakathi kwalaba ababili. Uma lihunyushwe lisuselwa esiLatin, igama elithi krachun lisho ukuthi "ubuso obuyindilinga". Inhloko yokhozi lwenyoka inkulu ngempela, iyindilinga, efana neyesikhova. AbaseBrithani bamqamba ngokuthi "ukhozi ngeminwe emifushane."
Izinzwane empeleni zimfushane kunalezo zikaklebe, uzipho olumnyama lumagobile. Amehlo makhulu, aphuzi, aqondiswe phambili. Kubukeka ngokucophelela ngokuqapha. Umlomo mkhulu, uqinile, uhola-mpunga, izinhlangothi zithambile, zigobile.
Umzimba uminyene. Umbala ongemuva walenyoni ungumbala onsundu ngokumpunga, indawo yentamo imnyama, izimpaphe esiswini zikhanya ngamachashaza amnyama. Kunemivimbo emnyama ezimpikweni nasemsileni. Izinyawo nezinzwani ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokumpunga. Abantu abasha bavame ukudwetshwa ngamathoni akhanyayo futhi amnyama. Kwesinye isikhathi ungathola inyoka emnyama.
Njengoba kushiwo, ukhozi lwenyoka lukhulu, lufana nehansi ngosayizi. Ubude bomzimba benyoni endala bufinyelela kuma-75 cm, amaphiko ayamangalisa (kusuka ku-160 kuye ku-190 cm). Isisindo somuntu omdala singu-2 kg. Abesifazane banombala ofanayo nowesilisa, kodwa bakhulu kancane kunabo (lokhu kungumbala wobulili).
Izinhlobo
Inyoka kungokwesigaba sezinyoni, ukuhleleka kwama-falconiform, umndeni we-hawk. Ngokwemvelo, ama-subspecies amaningi we-serpentine ahlukile. Okuthandwa kakhulu yilokhu okulandelayo.
- Inyoka-ukhozi ejwayelekile incane ngosayizi (kufika ku-72 cm ubude). Ngemuva kumnyama, intamo nesisu kukhanya. Amehlo aphuzi ngokugqamile. Izinyoni ezincane zinombala ofanayo nezindala.
- Isifuba esimnyama sifinyelela kubude obungu-68 cm, amaphiko ububanzi obungu-178 cm, isisindo esifinyelela ku-2.3 kg. Inhloko nesifuba kunsundu noma kumnyama (yingakho igama). Isisu nengaphezulu lamaphiko alula.
- Idla izinyoka zikaBaudouin yizona zinhlobo ezinkulu ezisezingeni eliphansi. Iphiko lalo lingaba ngamasentimitha angu-170. Ngemuva, ekhanda nasesifubeni izimpaphe zinsundu ngokumpunga. Isisu sinombala okhanyayo ngemigqa emincane emnyama. Imilenze iyimpunga ende.
- UBrown ungummeleli omkhulu kunabo bonke bezinhlobo. Isilinganiso sobude obungu-75 cm, amaphiko ubude obungu-164 cm, isisindo somzimba esifinyelela ku-2.5 kg. Ubuso bangaphandle bamaphiko nomzimba bumnyama nsundu, obangaphakathi bumpunga. Umsila onsundu unemivimbo elula.
- Isigaxa esinemishwe eseningizimu sinosayizi ophakathi nendawo (asikho ngaphezu kwama-60 cm ubude). Ingemuva nesifuba kunsundu ngombala onsundu, ikhanda lilula ngombala. Kunemivimbo emincane emhlophe esiswini. Umsila uhlangene nemivimbo emhlophe emide.
- Crested Umudli wenyoka uyinyoni eyindilinga enamaphiko ayindilinga nomsila omncane. Izimpaphe kusuka kwimpunga kuya kokumnyama. Ekhanda kukhona umnyama nomhlophe (yingakho igama), esimweni senjabulo, liyakhukhumeza.
Ngaphezu kwalezi zinhlobo ezincane, kukhona iMadagascar ne-Western stripes eater snake. Abantu abadla izinyoka baseYurophu nabaseTurkestan batholakala eRussia.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Indlela yokuphila nemikhuba ifana nokhokho kunokhozi. Lena olinganiselayo, kodwa ngasikhathi sinye inyoni engenamqondo. Inaka kuphela izisulu kanye nabadla izinyoka abaphumelele kakhulu ekuzingeleni. Uyaqaphela eduze kwesidleke, uzama ukungamemezi. Emini, uyandiza kancane esibhakabhakeni, azingele. Ukhozi lwenyoka oluhleli esihlahleni lubonakala kuphela kusihlwa nasekuseni.
Ukhozi inyoka ukhozi - inyoni efihliwe, eqaphile futhi ethule. Ukuhlala ezindaweni ezingenabantu nezihlahla ezinesizungu, ezidingekayo ekwakheni izidleke. Kukhethwa kuqala izinkangala ezomile ezinotshani obuphansi nezihlahlana ezincane. Uthanda kakhulu izitshalo ezihlala ziluhlaza ezinamahlathi aminyene nezihlahla ezinamakhaza. Ekushiseni okukhulu, izinyoni zithanda ukuhlala esihlahleni, zizelule zinganyakazi.
Uhla lwabantu abadla izinyoka lumboza i-Afrika enyakatho-ntshonalanga naseningizimu ye-Eurasia, iMongolia neNdiya, iRussia (ngisho neSiberia). E-Asia, bakhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezinamathafa anezihlahla ezingavamile zokuzalela izidleke, enyakatho inyoka ukhozi iyaphila eduze kwamahlathi aminyene, amaxhaphozi nemifula, lapho kuhlala khona ukudla okuthandayo (izilwane ezihuquzelayo).
Umuntu omdala oyedwa uzingela ebangeni lama-35 sq. km. Njengomthetho, kukhona indawo engathathi hlangothi yamakhilomitha amabili phakathi kwezindawo ezisemngceleni (ibanga elifanayo liyabonakala lapho kwakhiwa izidleke). Ngesikhathi zizingela, zivame ukundiza eduze nemizana.
Izinyoni ezisenyakatho nezaseningizimu ziyahlukahluka endleleni yazo yokuphila: ezisenyakatho ziyafuduka, ezaseningizimu zihlala phansi. Abadla izinyoka bahamba amabanga amade (kufika ku-4700 km). Abamele baseYurophu basebusika kuphela ezwenikazi lase-Afrika nasengxenyeni esenyakatho ye-equator. Kukhethwa izindawo ezinesimo sezulu esomile kanye nemvula emaphakathi.
Abadla izinyoka baqala ukufuduka ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, maphakathi no-Septhemba izinyoni zifika eBosphorus, eGibraltar noma kwa-Israyeli. Sekukonke, indiza ihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ama-4. Indlela ebuyela emuva ngemuva kobusika bezinyoni ihamba ngendlela efanayo.
Ngaphandle kokusatshalaliswa okubanzi, izici zendlela yokuphila nokuziphatha kwalezi zinyoni azifundiswa ngokwanele. Kwamanye amazwe (kufaka nezwe lethu) inyoka-ukhozi ibhalwe kuRed Book.
Ukhozi lwenyoka luyinyoni enamahloni. Lapho ubona isitha (ngisho nomuntu), ngokushesha uyandiza. Amatshwele akhule ngeke azinike icala, ayakwazi ukuzivikela ngoqhwaku nangezinzipho zawo, kanti amancane amane acashe, aqandeke. Izinyoni zihlala zixhumana, zithanda ukudlala ndawonye. Ama-frolics wesilisa nowesifazane, amjaha. Ngokuvamile zigcinwa ngamaqembu abantu abayisithupha kuya kwezi-6.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ukudla ukondla inyoka mncane impela, imenyu inqunyelwe. Esikhathini esiningi, izinyoni zidla izinyoka, izinyoka, ubhedu nezinyoka, kwesinye isikhathi izibankwa. Ebusika, izinyoka eziningi ziwela esimweni sokugqwayiza okumisiwe, lapho izinqubo zokuphila emzimbeni zihamba kancane noma zime ngokuphelele, yingakho zisesimweni sokuma.
Abazingeli abanezimpaphe bazingela inyamazane yabo hhayi ngaphambi kwemini, lapho kunenani eliphakeme lomsebenzi wezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Izinyoni zisebenza ngejubane lombani, ngenxa yalokho isisulu asinaso isikhathi sokumelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izivikelo ze-horny zitholakala emilenzeni yezinyoni, esebenza njengokuvikela okwengeziwe.
Ngaphezu kwezinto ezihuquzelayo, ukudla kwezinyoni kuqukethe izimfudu, amagundane, amaxoxo, ama-hedgehogs, onogwaja nezinyoni ezincane. Inyoni eyodwa esikhulile idla izinyoka ezimbili ezinesilinganiso esiphakathi ngosuku.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Abadla izinyoka bakha imibhangqwana emisha njalo ngesizini. Abanye abashade bahlala bethembekile komunye nomunye iminyaka eminingana. Imidanso yokukhwelana ilula impela. Abesilisa bagijimisa abesifazane, bese kuthi owesifazane ahlale esihlahleni.
Ngemuva kwalokho owesilisa uzijikijela itshe eliqhele ngamamitha ambalwa phansi, ngemuva kwalokho ubuyela esibhakabhakeni. Kunezikhathi lapho ephatha inyamazane efile ngoqhwaku lwakhe, aluwele phansi, ngenkathi ekhala isikhashana.
Masinyane ngemuva kokubuya ezifundeni ezifudumele (ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo), izinyoni ziqala ukwakha izidleke. Sakhiwe phezulu engxenyeni engenhla yesihlahla ukuze izitha ezingaba namandla zingafinyeleli enzalweni. Iqinile impela, umndeni usuyisebenzise iminyaka eminingana, kepha inobudlabha futhi incane ngosayizi.
Insikazi ayilingani ngokuphelele esidlekeni: ikhanda nomsila kuyabonakala ngaphandle. Bobabili abashadile benza umsebenzi wokwakha, kepha abesilisa banikela ngesikhathi esiningi, umzamo nokunaka kulokhu. Izidleke zezinyoni zitholakala emadwaleni, ezihlahleni, ezihlahleni ezinde.
Izinto eziyinhloko zokwakha amagatsha namahlumela. Ngokwesilinganiso, isidleke singamasentimitha angama-60 ububanzi nokungaphezulu kwamasentimitha angama-25. Ingaphakathi ligcwele utshani, amahlumela aluhlaza, izimpaphe nezicucu zezikhumba zezinyoka. Imifino isebenza njengokufihla nokuvikela ilanga.
Ukubeka kwenziwa ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi eYurophu, ngoDisemba eHindustan. Esikhathini esiningi kuneqanda elilodwa ku-clutch. Uma amaqanda ama-2 evela, umbungu owodwa uyafa, ngoba abazali bayayeka ukuwunakekela ngokushesha nje lapho iphuphu lokuqala livela. Ngenxa yalokhu, umuntu odla izinyoka uthathwa njengenyoni enobuvila.
Amaqanda amhlophe, amile okweqanda. Isikhathi sokufukamela sihlala izinsuku ezingama-45. Owesilisa uthatha umthwalo ophelele wezinsikazi zabesifazane nezisanda kuzalwa. Insikazi yenza indiza yokuqala ngenyanga ngemuva kokuchanyuselwa. Izingane zivame ukumbozwa nge-fluff emhlophe. Uma kunengozi, umama uhambisa iphuphu kwesinye isidleke.
Ekuqaleni, izingane zondliwa ngenyama eqoshiwe, lapho amaphuphu enamasonto amabili ubudala, anikezwa izinyoka ezincane. Uma iphuphu liqala ukudla inyoka emsileni, abazali bathatha inyamazane bayiphoqe ukuba idle kusuka ekhanda. Ngaphezu kwalokho, bazama ukuletha inyoka ephilayo enganeni ukuze ifunde kancane ukulwa nesilwane.
Lapho enamasonto amathathu, amatshwele ngokwawo angakwazi ukubhekana nezilwanyana ezinwabuzelayo ezingama-80 cm ubude no-40 cm ububanzi. Izinyoni ezisencane kufanele zikhiphe ukudla emiphinjeni yabazali bazo: abadala baletha izinyoka ezisaphilayo, amachwane akhipha umphimbo ngomsila.
Ezinyangeni ezingu-2-3 izinyoni zivuka ephikweni, kepha izinyanga ezimbili zihlala "ngokulahlekelwa ngabazali bazo." Ngesikhathi sonke sokondla, abazali baletha cishe izinyoka ezingama-260 ephupheni. Isikhathi sokuphila sokhozi lwenyoka yiminyaka eyi-15.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
Iqiniso eliphawulekayo ukuthi i-coral inezwi elimnandi kakhulu, elikhumbuza umsindo womtshingo noma i-oriole. Uhlabelela ingoma emnandi ebuyela esidlekeni sakubo. Izwi lowesifazane alihlabi kakhulu. Ungakujabulela ukubuka ukuzingela kwokhozi lwenyoka. Le nyoni inamehlo amahle kakhulu, ngakho izingela phezulu esibhakabhakeni.
Ingantanta emoyeni amahora amaningi, ifuna inyamazane. Ukuqaphela isisulu, siziphonsa phansi ngetshe, sikhula ngesivinini esifinyelela ku-100 km / h, sandlala izinyawo zayo bese sizimba izinzipho emzimbeni wenyoka. Ngedladla elilodwa ukhozi lwenyoka lubamba inyoka ekhanda, olunye lubambe umzimba, lusebenzisa uqhwaku lwayo ukuluma imisipha entanyeni.
Ngenkathi inyoka isaphila, umqombothi uyidla njalo kusuka ekhanda. Akayidabuli ibe yizicucu, ayigwinye iphelele. Ngokumunca ngakunye, umuntu odla izinyoka wephula umgogodla wesisulu. Ukhozi lwenyoka esithombeni evame ukwethulwa ngenyoka ngomlomo wayo.
Ngenkathi uzingela inyoka odla izinyoka ezivamile uzibeka engcupheni ngaso sonke isikhathi, kepha akafi njalo ngokulunywa. Abadla izinyoka abasesimweni esibuhlungu, abaxhuga. Ngisho nokubambezeleka okuncane kungamlahlekisela impilo yakhe.
Inyoka iyakwazi ukuyifaka le nyoni kusukela ekhanda kuye onyaweni, iyiphendule isisulu. Ukuvikelwa okuyinhloko kokhozi lwenyoka yizimpaphe eziminyene namandla. Izazi zezinyoni sezibonile kaninginingi ukuthi lo okhasayo, ekhama "ngokugona" kwakhe okunamandla, wayibamba kanjani inyoka ekhanda yaze yawa yafa.
Ungabuka ukuthi izinyoni zihamba kanjani ngezinyawo ukuthola ukudla phansi. Futhi, ngesikhathi sokuzingela, ukhozi lwenyoka luhamba ngezinyawo emanzini angajulile, lubamba inyamazane ngezidladla zalo. Abakhasayo abadala bayakwazi ukusinda ngokungabikho kwento abayithandayo, kepha amaphuphu ondliwa izinyoka kuphela.
Kukho konke ukuphila kwayo, udla izinyoka udla cishe izinyoka eziyi-1000. Inani lenyoka liyancipha. Lokhu kungenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukene: ukugawulwa kwamahlathi, ukuzingelwa ngokungemthetho kwezilwane, kanye nokwehla kwesibalo sezilwane ezihuquzelayo. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlobo lwalubhalwe kuRed Book.
