I-Garden bunting iyinyoni encane yezingoma kusukela ku-oda labaphaseli, ehluke kondlunkulu ojwayelekile ngemibala ekhanyayo. Kepha naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ngosayizi nokubukeka okujwayelekile, ukuqabula kufana nondlunkulu, ngokuhlelekile lezi zinyoni zisondele komunye umyalo, okungukuthi, kwizintaka.
Incazelo ye-bunting engadini
Le nyoni, eye-oda labantu abadlulayo, isakazeke kakhulu e-Eurasia... Ifana kakhulu ne-oatmeal ejwayelekile, kepha inombala wezimpaphe ogqamile kancane. EYurophu, yaziwa nangokuthi i-orthalan, evela egameni layo lesiLatini - u-Emberiza hortulana.
Ukubukeka
Ubungako bokubopha ingadi buncane: ubude bayo bungaba ngu-16 cm, kanti isisindo sisuka ku-20 kuye ku-25 g.Naphezu kokufana okusobala nondlunkulu, akunakwenzeka ukudida lezi zinyoni ezimbili: umbala we-bunting yensimu ukhanya kakhulu, futhi ukwakheka komzimba nakho kuhlukile kancane, kepha kwehlukile: umzimba wayo uvuleke kakhulu, imilenze nomsila mude, nomlomo wawo mkhulu kakhulu.
Kulezi zinhlobo, umbala umbala uyashintsha kuye ngocansi nobudala benyoni. Ekubhontshweni okuningi kwengadi, ikhanda lipendwe ngomthunzi ompunga, bese ugeleza ungene kumbala onsundu oluhlaza okotshani entanyeni, bese ungena kumbala onsundu ngokubomvu ngemuva kwenyoni, okushintshwa kuthi umbala ompunga onsundu onombala oluhlaza okotshani emhlane ongemuva nangaphezulu. Izimpaphe ezisemaphikweni zinombala onsundu onsundu, zinamabala amancane amhlophe.
Iringi ekhanyayo ezungeze amehlo, kanye nesilevu, umphimbo kanye ne-goiter kungaba yinoma yimuphi umthunzi kusuka ophuzi ogqamile ogqamile kuya kokumhlophe okuphuzi, okujika kancane kancane kube ngumnqumo ompunga esifubeni se-oatmeal. Isisu kanye nomngcwabo onombala onsundu onsundu ngombala ophuzi ezinhlangothini. Uqhwaku nemilenze yalezi zinyoni kunombala obomvu okhanyayo, namehlo anombala onsundu ngokunsundu.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ebusika, izimpaphe zokuxhunywa engadini zihluke ngandlela thile ehlobo: umbala wayo uba buthuntu, bese kuvela umngcele obanzi okhanyayo emaphethelweni ezimpaphe.
Ezinyonini ezincane, umbala ufiphele; ngaphezu kwalokho, amatshwele asekhulile anemigqa emide yobude obude emzimbeni wonke nasekhanda. Uqhwaku nemilenze yazo kunsundu, hhayi ngokubomvu, njengakwezihlobo zawo ezindala.
Uhlamvu nendlela yokuphila
I-Garden bunting ingenye yalezi zinyoni ezindiza ziye ebusika ezindaweni ezifudumele ekwindla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinsuku lapho ziqala ukufuduka, njengomthetho, ziwela phakathi nasekwindla. Ngentwasahlobo, izinyoni zishiya izindawo zazo zobusika e-Afrika naseNingizimu ye-Asia bese zibuyela ezindaweni zazo zomdabu ukuze zinikeze isizukulwane esisha sezigaxa zensimu impilo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ukuqhutshwa kwengadi kukhetha ukufudukela eningizimu ngemihlambi emikhulu, kepha kubuya ekuzuleni, njengomthetho, ngamaqembu amancane.
Lezi zinyoni ziyashintsha, futhi ehlobo zisebenza kakhulu ekuseni nakusihlwa, lapho ukushisa kwehla kancane noma kungenasikhathi sokuqala. Njengabo bonke abantu abadlulayo, ukubhujiswa kwezingadi kuthanda ukubhukuda emaxhaphozini, imifudlana engajulile nemifula engajulile ngasogwini, futhi ngemuva kokubhukuda bahlala ogwini bese beqala ukuhlanza izimpaphe zabo. Izwi lalezi zinyoni licishe likhumbuze ukudlikiza okwedlulayo, kodwa futhi liqukethe ama-trill, abizwa ngama-ornithologists abawabiza nge- "bunting". Njengomthetho, izingadi zensimu ziyacula, zihleli emagatsheni aphezulu ezihlahla noma izihlahlana, lapho zingabona khona isimo nokuthi zingabonakala kahle kuphi.
Ngokungafani nondlunkulu, ukubhuza akunakubizwa ngokuthi izinyoni ezingenangqondo, kepha ngasikhathi sinye abakwesabi nakancane abantu: bangaqhubeka ngokuthula benze ibhizinisi labo kukhona umuntu. Futhi, okwamanje, kungakuhle ukwesaba abantu nge-oatmeal yensimu, ikakhulukazi labo abahlala eFrance: lokhu kungasiza abaningi babo ukuthi bagweme isiphetho sokubanjwa futhi, ekugcineni, bagcine ekhejini ekhoneni eliphilayo, futhi okubi kakhulu, ngisho ube yisidlo esihle endaweni yokudlela ebizayo.
Kodwa-ke, ekuthunjweni, lezi zinyoni zigxila ngokuphawulekayo, yingakho abathandi abaningi bezilwane zasendle bezigcina emakhaya.... Ukuqhutshwa kwezingadi ezihlala ehhokweni noma ezindizeni ngokuzithandela zivumela abanikazi bazo ukuthi bazithathe ezandleni zabo, futhi uma lezi zinyoni zikhululwa esibayeni, azami ukundiza zibaleke, kepha, kaningi, ngemuva kokwenza imibuthano emincane ezungeze igumbi, zona ngokwazo zibuyela ekhejini. ...
Uhlala isikhathi esingakanani i-garden bunting?
I-oatmeal ayiyona enye yezinyoni ezinde isikhathi eside: noma ngaphansi kwezimo zokuphila ezinhle kakhulu, ihlala, ngokwesilinganiso, iminyaka engu-3-4. Isikhathi esiphakeme sokufakwa kwengadi endaweni yaso yemvelo yiminyaka engu-5.8.
I-dimorphism yezocansi
Ubukhulu besilisa nabesifazane bokubhincwa kwengadi abuhlukile kakhulu, futhi ukwakheka komzimba kuyafana, ngaphandle kokuthi owesifazane angaba nenhle kakhudlwana. Noma kunjalo, i-dimorphism yezocansi kulezi zinyoni ibonakala ngokusobala ngenxa yokwehluka kombala wezimpaphe: kwabesilisa kukhanya futhi kuqhathanisa kakhulu kunabesifazane. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi ikhanda lowesilisa limpunga, umhlane nomsila kunsundu ngokunsundu, nentamo, i-goiter, isifuba nesisu kuphuzi, imvamisa enombala osawolintshi.
Owesifazane ubuswa amathoni omnqumo aluhlaza okotshani, futhi isifuba sakhe nesisu sakhe kumhlophe ngokuqhakaza okuluhlaza okomnqumo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpaphe zezinsikazi azinakho ukukhanya okuphawuleka njengakowesilisa. Kepha insikazi inechashaza elifana ngokumnyama esifubeni, elicishe lingabonakali kowesilisa.
Okubalulekile! Abesilisa be-bunting yensimu banemibala emathangeni afudumele anombala onsundu, kuyilapho abesifazane kulula ukuwabona ngomsindo wabo okhanyayo obanda ngokuluhlaza okomnqumo ngombala wezimpaphe zabo.
Indawo yokuhlala
I-Garden bunting isakazeke kulo lonke elaseYurophu naseNtshonalanga ye-Asia. Ngokungafani nezinyoni eziningi ezithanda izingoma eziphakathi nendawo, zingatholakala nase-Arctic. Ngaseningizimu, uhla lwabo eYurophu ludlulela eMedithera, yize kusuka eziqhingini bahlala eCyprus kuphela. Lezi zinyoni zihlala nase-Asia - kusuka eSyria nasePalestine kuya entshonalanga yeMongolia. Ebusika, ukuvunwa kwengadi kundizela eSouth Asia nase-Afrika, lapho kungatholakala khona kusuka ePersian Gulf kuye eNyakatho Afrika uqobo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngokuya ngengxenye yendawo yabo yokuhlala, ukugejelwa engadini kungahlala ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, futhi, kaningi, ezindaweni lapho ungeke uzithole kwezinye izifunda.
Ngakho-ke, eFrance, lezi zinyoni zihlala eduze nezivini, kepha akukho lapho kutholakala khona kwamanye amazwe.... Ngokuyinhloko, ukubhontshiswa kuhlala emahlathini nasezindaweni ezivulekile. Emahlathini aminyene, angabonakala ekuhlanzweni, emaphethelweni ehlathi noma ekuhlanzeni okugcwele izihlahla. Bavame ukuhlala ezingadini - ezamasiko noma esezivele zilahliwe, kanye nasemabhange omfula. Lezi zinyoni zitholakala nasezintabeni eziphansi, emithambekeni, noma kunjalo, azikhuphukeli kude eziqongweni eziphakeme.
Ukudla kwe-oatmeal engadini
I-oatmeal yabantu abadala idla kakhulu ekudleni kwezitshalo, kepha ngesikhathi sokukhulisa, bangadla nezingenamgogodla ezincane ezinjengeziphethu, izicabucabu, izinambuzane nezintwala zokhuni. Ngalesi sikhathi, amacimbi ezinambuzane ezahlukahlukene, njengebhu lehlathi, aba ukudla abakuthandayo. Njengoba kungaqondakala egameni lale nyoni, ukudla okuthandayo kakhulu i-oat okusanhlamvu, kepha i-oatmeal yensimu ngeke yenqabe kubhali, kanye nembewu yezinye izitshalo ezinomsoco: i-bluegrass, imbabazane, i-bird knotweed, i-clover, i-dandelion, i-plantain, ungakhohlwa-i-sorrel, i-fescue, i-chickweed , amakhoba.
Kuyathakazelisa! I-Garden bunting incamela ukondla amaphuphu ngamafoloji aqukethe kokubili ukudla kwezitshalo nezilwane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ekuqaleni, abazali babondla ngokudla okugaywe kancane, okuletha i-goiter, bese kuthi ngezinambuzane eziphelele.
Ukuzala nenzalo
Isikhathi sokuzalanisa salezi zinyoni siqala ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphindela ezindaweni zazo, lapho abesifazane befika ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kamuva kunabesilisa, okuthi ngemuva kokufika kwabesifazane, baqale ukucula izingoma, bahehe ukunakwa kwezinyoni zobulili obuhlukile.
Njengoba sebenze ngababili, ama-buntings aqala ukwakha isidleke, ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakha isisekelo saso, bakhetha ukucindezeleka eduze komhlaba, okumbozwe ngeziqu ezomile zezitshalo zokusanhlamvu, izimpande ezincanyana noma amaqabunga omile. Izinyoni zimboza ingaphakathi lesidleke ngehhashi noma olunye uboya bezilwane ezinezinselo, ezikwazi ukuzithola, kwesinye isikhathi, noma kunjalo, ukugadla engadini kusebenzisa izimpaphe noma phansi ngalezi zinhloso.
Isidleke siyi-oval noma siyindilinga ngokuma futhi siqukethe izingqimba ezimbili: ngaphandle nangaphakathi... Ububanzi obuphelele bungafika ku-12 cm, nobubanzi besendlalelo sangaphakathi - kufika ku-6.5 cm Kulokhu, isidleke sijule ngo-3-4 cm, ukuze umphetho waso uqondane nomphetho we-fossa ehlelwe kuyo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Uma isimo sezulu libalele futhi lifudumele, isikhathi sokwakha isidleke izinsuku ezimbili. Insikazi iqala ukubeka amaqanda ezinsukwini eziyi-1-2 ngemuva kokuphothulwa kokwakhiwa kwayo.
Njengomthetho, ku-clutch kukhona amaqanda angama-4-5 amhlophe angcolile ane-tint ebandayo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, amachashazi anezindawo ezinkulu ezimnyama nsundu ngendlela yemivimbo kanye nama-curls. Futhi kumagobolondo amaqanda, ungabona izindawo ezimpunga ngokunsomi ezitholakala ngaphansi. Ngenkathi insikazi ihleli esidlekeni, ifukamela inzalo yesikhathi esizayo, eyeduna imlethela ukudla futhi ngayo yonke indlela ingamvikela engozini engaba khona.
Amachwane achamisela cishe izinsuku eziyi-10 kuya kweziyi-14 ngemuva kokuchamusela. Zimbozwe ngobuningi obumpunga obumnyama phansi futhi, njengezinyoni eziningi ezisencane, ingaphakathi lomlomo wazo linombala okhanyayo obomvana noma obomvu klebhu. Amachwane aminzile, kepha akhula ngokushesha, ukuze kuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-12 zikwazi ukushiya isidleke zodwa, bese kuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezi-3-5 ziqale ukufunda ukundiza. Ngalesi sikhathi, amatshwele asekhulile asevele aqala ukudla imbewu engakavuthwa yezinhlamvu ezahlukahlukene zokusanhlamvu noma izitshalo ezibusayo futhi kungekudala azocishe aphenduke ekudleni kwezilwane atshale ukudla.
Ngasekupheleni kwehlobo, ukuqhuma okuncane, kanye nabazali babo, babuthana emhlambini futhi balungiselela ukundiza baye eningizimu, futhi ngasikhathi sinye, izinyoni ezindala zincibilika ngokuphelele, lapho izimpaphe zithathelwa indawo enye entsha ngokuphelele. I-molt yesibili yonyaka iyingxenye, futhi, ngokusho kwabanye abacwaningi, kwenzeka ngoJanuwari noma ngoFebhuwari. Ngayo, ukushintshwa okuyingxenye kwezimpaphe ezincane kwenzeka. Ukuqhutshwa kwengadi kufinyelela ekuvuthweni kocansi cishe ngonyaka, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo baqale bafune umlingani bese bakhe isidleke.
Izitha zemvelo
Ngenxa yokuthi i-garden bunting yenza izidleke phansi, imvamisa amaqanda abekwa insikazi yale nyoni, amachwane amancane, kwesinye isikhathi nabantu abadala, aba yizisulu zezilwane ezizingelayo. Ezinyonini ze-bunting yensimu, ama-falcons nezikhova ziyingozi kakhulu: abokuqala bazizingela emini, kanti kamuva - ebusuku. Phakathi kwezilwane ezincelisayo, izitha zemvelo zalezi zinyoni yizilwane ezidliwayo ezifana nezimpungushe, ama-weasel nama-badger.
Okubalulekile! Ukuqhutshwa kwengadi ehlala eduze nezindawo zokuhlala abantu, ngokwesibonelo, ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni noma eduze kwamadada, kuvame ukuba yizisulu zamakati nezinja ezifuywayo. Futhi, amagwababa afakwe izigqoko, onogwaja namajayi, nawo athanda ukuhlala eduze nezindawo zokuhlala abantu, nawo angaba yingozi kubo ezindaweni ezihlakulelwe.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Emhlabeni, inani eliphelele lokubhincwa kwengadi lifinyelela okungenani ezigidini ezingama-22, kanti ezinye izazi zezinyoni zikholelwa ukuthi inani lalezi zinyoni okungenani lingabantu abayizigidi ezingama-95. Akunakwenzeka ukubala inani eliqondile lezinyoni ezincane ezinjalo, ezinendawo yokuhlala ebanzi. Yize kunjalo, kungenzeka impela ukugomela ukuthi njengezilwane, ukuqothulwa kokuqothulwa kwengadi nakanjani akusongelwanga, njengoba kufakazelwa yisimo sabo sokongiwa komhlaba wonke: Izimbangela zokungakhathazeki okuncane.
Okubalulekile! Ngaphandle kokuthi i-garden bunting iyizinhlobo eziningi futhi ezichuma impela, kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu futhi, okokuqala, eFrance, lezi zinyoni zibhekwa njengezingajwayelekile, uma kungenjalo zisengozini.
Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lezi zinyoni zazimane zidliwe kulawo mazwe lapho i-oatmeal yensimu, kanye nezihlobo zabo eziseduze, sekuphenduke into eyivelakancane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, hhayi izilwane ezidla ezinye, kepha abantu abathathe isinqumo sokuthi i-oatmeal ingaba isidlo esihle, lapho kulungiswa khona ubuchwepheshe obukhethekile bokukhuluphisa nokulungisa izidumbu zezinyoni zokuthosa noma ukubhaka.
Izindleko zesidlo esinjalo ziphakeme, kepha lokhu akumisi ama-gourmets, yingakho inani le-oatmeal yensimu eFrance, ngokwesibonelo, lehle ngesithathu eminyakeni eyishumi nje. Futhi lokhu kwenzeka yize ukuzingela okuthiwa yi "Ortolans", njengoba lezi zinyoni zibizwa kanjalo eYurophu, kwavalwa ngokusemthethweni emuva ngonyaka we-1999. Akwaziwa kahle ukuthi mangaki ama-buntunt abulawe ngabazingeli abangekho emthethweni, kepha ososayensi balinganisela ukuthi okungenani bangu-50 000 abantu ababhubha ngale ndlela ngonyaka.
Futhi uma udaba lwaluthinta kuphela inani lalezi zinyoni eFrance, kungaba yingxenye yenkinga, kepha ukugojwa kwengadi, ukwakha kwamanye amazwe, ikakhulukazi emazweni aseBaltic naseFinland, nokufuduka ekwindla kudlule eFrance kuya eningizimu, nakho kuyabhubha. Ngo-2007, izinhlangano zokuvikela izilwane zaqinisekisa ukuthi i-European Union yamukela umyalelo okhethekile mayelana nokuvikelwa kwe-oatmeal ekuqothulweni kwabo okungalawulwa ngabantu.
Ngokwalo myalo, emazweni e-EU akuvunyelwe:
- Bulala noma ubambe i-oatmeal yensimu ngenhloso yokukhuluphala nokubulala okulandelayo.
- Ngabomu bhubhisa noma ulimaze izidleke noma amaqanda abo esidlekeni.
- Qoqa amaqanda alezi zinyoni ngenjongo yokuqoqa.
- Ukuphazamisa ngamabomu ukuqhuzuka, ikakhulukazi uma bematasa befukamela amaqanda noma bekhulisa amatshwele, ngoba lokhu kungaholela ekushiyeni isidleke ngabantu abadala.
- Thenga, uthengise noma ugcine izinyoni eziphilayo noma ezifile, noma izilwane ezifakiwe noma izitho zomzimba ezibonakalayo kalula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu kulawa mazwe kumele babike noma yikuphi ukwephulwa kwalawa maphuzu abawabona ezinhlanganweni ezifanele. I-Garden oatmeal ayinakubizwa ngokungajwayelekile, kepha ukuzingela ngokweqile emazweni aseYurophu kuthinta kakhulu inani lalezi zinyoni. Kwezinye izifundazwe zaseFrance, isibonelo, icishe yanyamalala, kwezinye isibalo sayo sehle kakhulu. Ngenhlanhla, okungenani eRussia, ukuqhutshwa kwengadi kungazizwa, uma kungenjalo ngokuphelele, khona-ke ngokuphepha okulinganiselwe: ngemuva kwakho konke, ngaphandle kwezidalwa zemvelo, akukho okusongela lezi zinyoni lapha.
