Izimpungushe zingesinye sezilwane esaziwa kakhulu emhlabeni wethu. Izinaliti ezinde ezimnyama nezimhlophe ziyikhadi labo lokushaya.
Incazelo
Okwamanje, izazi zezilwane zinezigaba ezinhlanu emndenini wezinkukhu, eziku-oda wamagundane. Ingungumbane inezinaliti ezinde kunazo zonke phakathi kwazo zonke izilwane ezincelisayo emhlabeni wethu. Izinaliti ezinde kakhulu futhi ezingezinamandla kangako zifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-50 ubude. Zinyamalala ngaphandle kobunzima nokungakhululeki okungadingekile kwesilwane. Izinaliti eziphakathi nendawo zingamasentimitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-30 ubude futhi zingamamilimitha ayi-7 ubukhulu. Uboya bezimpungushe bumboze ikhanda, intamo nesisu, kunombala onsundu ngokumpunga. Kepha akuzona zonke izingungumbane ezinezinaliti emhlane wazo kuphela. Ingungumbane yaseRothschild imbozwe ngokuphelele ngezinaliti ezincane. Isisindo senungu sisukela kwamakhilogremu amabili kuya kwayishumi nesikhombisa.
Izingungumbane zinamazinyo angama-20 kuphela namabili amabili ezingcwecwe ezingaphambili ezikhula kuyo yonke impilo, futhi koqweqwe lwawo lunombala ophuzi ngokusawolintshi.
Indawo yokuhlala
Indawo yokuhlala yalezi zigundane ezinjengezinaliti inkulu impela. Zitholakala e-Asia nase-Afrika, emazweni aseMelika, e-Australia. Izimpungushe nazo zingatholakala eYurophu, kodwa ososayensi basashiya umbuzo uvulekile wokuthi ngabe ingxenye eseningizimu yeYurophu yindawo yabo yemvelo noma ukuthi balethwa lapho ngabantu.
Okudlayo
Konke ukudla kwe-porcupine kuqukethe ukudla kwezitshalo. Ngenjabulo badla izimpande ezahlukahlukene (lezi kungaba izimpande zezitshalo, izihlahla, izihlahla). Ehlobo, isilwane sikhetha imifino enamanzi ezitshalweni ezisencane. Ekwindla, noma kunjalo, ukudla kukhuliswa kakhulu ngezithelo namajikijolo ahlukahlukene (isibonelo, ama-apula, amagilebhisi, amakhabe namakhabe, i-alfalfa nokunye okuningi). Izinkumbi zivame ukungena engadini nasemasimini ezolimo futhi zibhubhise isivuno samakhukhamba, amazambane ikakhulukazi amathanga. Ngenkathi zidla ithanga, izingungumbane zijabulela ukunambitheka kwazo kangangoba ziyakwazi ukukhala buthule zize zihhume.
Izingungumbane zihlukaniswa njengezilokazane, hhayi nje ngokungena kwazo ezweni lezolimo kuphela, kodwa nangenxa yehlathi, zidala umonakalo omkhulu impela. Izingungumbane ziwathanda kakhulu amagxolo ezihlahla anamagatsha amancane, adla ngawo ebusika. ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, inkukhu endala ingachitha izihlahla ezingaphezu kwekhulu ezinempilo.
Izitha zemvelo
Ingungumbane endala ayinazitha eziningi endle. Izinaliti zayo ezicijile zivikela kahle kakhulu ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye (izingwe kanye nezingwe, kanye namahlosi). Lapho nje ingungumbane izwa ingozi, iqala ukuxwayisa imbangi yayo ngesitebhisi esikhulu futhi isongele izinaliti. Uma isitha singahlehli, ingungumbane enejubane lombani igijimela esitheni bese iyasihlaba ngezinaliti ezisele emzimbeni wesitha. Yizinaliti zezinungu kwesinye isikhathi ezenza izidlozane ezesabekayo (amahlosi, izingwe) zihlasele abantu.
Mhlawumbe isitha esiyingozi kakhulu sengungumbane ngumuntu. Kwamanye amazwe, iyazingelwa izinaliti zayo, okwathi kamuva zaba imihlobiso, nenyama kubhekwa njengesibiliboco.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
- Izinaliti zenungu zikhula njalo. Esikhundleni sezinaliti eziwile, ezintsha ziqala ukukhula ngokushesha, ukuze isilwane singahlali ngaphandle kokuvikelwa.
- Cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eziyi-120 eyedlule, izingungumbane zazihlala e-Urals. Ezintabeni zase-Altai, izingungumbane zazihlala emihumeni yaseTerrible naseRobber. Ngemuva kokuqala kokubanda okubandayo (cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezingama-27 eyedlule), izingungumbane zanyamalala ezweni lase-Altai.
- Ngokuphikisana nenkolelo evamile, izinaliti ze-porcupine aziqukethe ubuthi. Kepha njengoba izinaliti zingangcola, ukunamathela emzimbeni womuntu owonile kungadala izinkinga eziningi, futhi ikakhulukazi kuholele ekuvukeleni.
- Izingungumbane azivamile ukuhlala zodwa. Ngokuyinhloko, bakha amaqembu amancane aqukethe abesifazane, owesilisa kanye nenzalo yabo. Amathole azalwa enamehlo avulekile nezinaliti ezithambile eziqina ngokushesha okukhulu. Kakade cishe cishe isonto ubudala, izinaliti zomntwana zingakwazi ukubhoboza ngokuphawulekayo.
- Izingungumbane zikhula kahle kakhulu ekuthunjweni futhi ngokunakekelwa okufanele zingaphila kuze kube yiminyaka engama-20. Endle, iminyaka yengungu ifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10.
