Ulwandle oluncane kunazo zonke eMhlabeni lubhekwa njenge-Arctic. Itholakala enyakatho Nenkabazwe yomhlaba, amanzi akuyo ayabanda, futhi indawo yamanzi imbozwe izinguzunga zeqhwa ezahlukahlukene. Le ndawo yamanzi yaqala ukwakheka esikhathini seCretaceous, lapho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, iYurophu yayihlukaniswe neNyakatho Melika, kanti ngakolunye uhlangothi, kwakukhona ukuhlangana okuthile kweMelika ne-Asia. Ngalesi sikhathi, kwakhiwa imigqa yeziqhingi ezinkulu nezinhlonhlo. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlukaniswa kwesikhala samanzi kwenzeka, futhi umcengezi woLwandlekazi Lwasenyakatho wehlukaniswa nePacific. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ulwandle lwakhula, amazwekazi akhuphuka, futhi ukuhamba kwamapuleti e-lithospheric kuyaqhubeka kuze kube yilolu suku.
Umlando wokutholakala nokutadisha i-Arctic Ocean
Isikhathi eside, i-Arctic Ocean ibithathwa njengolwandle, hhayi olujulile kakhulu, olunamanzi abandayo. Bayazi kahle indawo yamanzi isikhathi eside, basebenzise imithombo yayo yemvelo, ikakhulukazi, bagubha ulwelwe, babamba izinhlanzi nezilwane. Kuphela ngekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye lapho ucwaningo oluyisisekelo lwenziwa nguF. Nansen, ngenxa yalowo owakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-Arctic ilulwandle. Yebo, incane kakhulu endaweni kunePacific noma iAtlantic, kepha ulwandle olugcwele olunemvelo yalo, luyingxenye yolwandlekazi lomhlaba.
Kusukela lapho, kwenziwa ucwaningo olunzulu lwasolwandle. Ngakho-ke, uR. Byrd noR. Amundsen engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-20 benza inhlolovo yezinyoni olwandle, uhambo lwabo lwaluqhutshwa yindiza. Kamuva, iziteshi zesayensi zabanjwa, zazihlonyelwe ukukhukhuleka kweqhwa. Lokhu kwenze ukuthi kube lula ukutadisha phansi nolimi lwasolwandle. Kutholwe kanjalo-ke izintaba ezingaphansi kwamanzi.
Olunye lolu hambo oluphawulekayo kwakuyiqembu laseBrithani, elawela ulwandle ngezinyawo kusuka ngo-1968 kuya ku-1969. Indlela yabo isuka eYurophu iye eMelika, inhloso bekungukufunda umhlaba wezitshalo nezilwane, kanye nombuso wesimo sezulu.
Isikhathi esingaphezu kwesisodwa i-Arctic Ocean yafundwa ngohambo lwemikhumbi, kepha lokhu kuyaxaka ukuthi indawo yamanzi imbozwe izinguzunga zeqhwa, kutholakala izinguzunga zeqhwa. Ngaphezu kombuso wamanzi nezwe elingaphansi kwamanzi, kusafundwa izinguzunga zeqhwa. Esikhathini esizayo, kusuka eqhweni ukukhipha amanzi afanele ukuphuza, ngoba anokuqukethwe kasawoti okuphansi.
I-Arctic Ocean iyisimiso semvelo esimangalisayo seplanethi yethu. Kuyabanda lapha, izinguzunga zeqhwa ziyakhukhuleka, kepha le yindawo ethembisayo yokuthuthuka kwayo ngabantu. Yize ulwandle luhlolisiswa njengamanje, lusaqondwa kabi.
