Kaningi, abavuni bamakhowe abangenalwazi badida amakhowe e-cep (adliwayo) nomunyu - i-cep yamanga (engadliwayo). Ngaphandle, abameleli ababili bomndeni oshiwo banezinto eziningi ezifanayo, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukubadida. Futhi kuphela enkambisweni yokupheka noma yokudla isidlo, umuntu uzokwazi ukubona iphutha eqoqweni futhi ezwe ukufutheka kwesici. Ikhowe lamanga le-porcini akufanele lisetshenziswe ekuphekeni. Kwezokwelapha, i-bitternum isetshenziswa njenge-choleretic agent.
Incazelo
Njengekhowe langempela le-porcini, ibhodwe elibabayo linomlenze okhula ufike ku-3-12.5 cm ukuphakama, ngaphezu kwalokho, ubukhulu baso bufinyelela cishe ku-1.5-3 cm Ingxenye eyinhloko yomzimba othelayo inesimo esinjengeyiklindrical noma iklabhu enesisekelo sokuvuvukala, esinemicu ... Njengomthetho, isiqu esingenhla sinombala ophuzi okakhilimu noma umbala omhlophe futhi ebusweni baso kunephethini eliveziwe ngesimo semishini emnyama noma ensundu. Ingxenye yonke yomzimba othela izithelo igcwele uginindela omhlophe futhi ibukeka inkulu.
Amakhowe wamanga we-porcini anokufana okuningi nezihlobo zawo. I-Bitters inesigqoko se-hemispherical, okuthi ngokuya ngokuya sithola izici ezinwetshiwe nezindilinga ezakhiwe njengesihlalo. Ngenhla, ingxenye yomzimba othelayo inemicu emihle, i-pubescent kancane. Ngesikhathi semvula enamandla, ikepisi lingaba ncanyana futhi linamathele. Imibala yayo isukela kokunsundu ngokuphuzi kuya kophaphathekile onsundu nonsundu.
UGorchak ususiwe
Isici esiyinhloko se-porcini yamakhowe yamanga, okulula ukuyikhomba, ngukugqunqa kwepulp lapho usikwa. Ngakho-ke, ungqimba lwangaphakathi lwamakhowe luba bomvu, lube nephunga elincane kanye nokunambitheka okumunyu. Ngenxa yokuthi uginindela awukaze ube nesibungu, ubukeka ubukeka kahle futhi uvame ukudida abaqoki bamakhowe abasanda kuqala. Amashubhu amhlophe, okuthi esikhathini esizayo abe ngophinki noma abomvana abangcolile, akhulele esiqwini. Ama-pores angular futhi ayindilinga; ziphenduka zibe bomvu noma nsundu lapho zicindezelwa.
Ku-fungus yenyongo, i-spore powder ingaba pink-brown noma pinkish. Izinhlamvu ngokwazo zibushelelezi ekuthinteni futhi zikhula ngendlela yama-ellipses.
Ibukeka kanjani ikhowe lamanga?
Ngaphandle, ukufutheka kubukeka njengekhowe le-porcini. Isici esiyinhloko sesitshalo esiphansi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okubonakalayo yiphethini yesici esiqwini se-bile fungus. Ezihlotsheni zayo, ingxenye yomzimba othelayo inesimo esifana nomgqomo kanye nomthunzi okhanyayo, akukho mesh engqimbeni engaphezulu. Kukholakala futhi ukuthi ukhunta lwenyongo lunesigqoko esimnyama.
Ungahlukanisa kanjani ikhowe elimhlophe kokungelona iqiniso?
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwekhowe lamanga le-porcini elingelona iqiniso uthathwa njengokunambitheka kwalo okumunyu. Kepha yini okufanele uyenze lapho izitshalo eziphansi zihlangana ehlathini futhi ingekho indlela yokuzizama? Abanye baphendukela ekuzameni nasekuphutheni, bese beluleka ukukhotha ikhowe, ngenxa yalokho umuntu ezwa ubumunyu besici ngokushesha. Sincoma ukuthatha indlela emnene futhi sikhumbule umehluko omkhulu ozosiza ukunquma uhlobo lwamakhowe ngokuzayo:
- Okokuqala, kufanele unqume amakhowe bese unaka uginindela, okufanele ushintshe umbala wawo. Emizuzwini embalwa, ungqimba lwangaphakathi lomunyu luzoqala ukuba mnyama, luthole umbala onsundu ngokubomvana. Amakhowe amhlophe awashintshi umbala wawo; uhlala emhlophe nganoma yikuphi ukukhohlisa.
- Okulandelayo, udinga ukuthatha inkathazo futhi uhlole ngokucophelela umlenze wamakhowe. Isici esihlukile somunyu ubukhona bemeshini ensundu engxenyeni yomzimba othelayo. Lokhu akubonwa kumakhowe we-porcini, yize amakhowe e-boletus anezikali ezincane ezimnyama, afana nesiqu se-birch, atholakala.
- Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubuka ungqimba lwe-tubular lwefungus. Ku-gorchak inombala opinki ongcolile, kanti ku-boletus imhlophe, mpunga noma iphuzi.
Ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela kwe-gorchak kuzosiza ekutholeni "mbumbulu" nokuzivikela wena kanye nabanye ekufakeni ubuthi ngekhowe lamanga le-porcini.
Ividiyo ukuthi uhlukanisa kanjani amakhowe amhlophe kumakhowa amunyu
Izinhlobo zamakhowe wamanga we-porcini
Kulezi zinsuku, kunezinhlobo eziningi zamakhowe ezidliwayo ezinokufana okuningana ngomunyu, okungukuthi:
- i-porcini mushroom - inesigqoko se-convex nomhlophe, kwezinye izindawo nsundu ngokubomvu, izingxenye zomzimba othelayo. Izitshalo ezingezansi zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukupheka futhi zibe nokunambitheka okuncane, iphunga elimnandi;
- I-boletus net - amakhowe anesigqoko se-hemispherical noma se-convex, esigcwele isikhumba esikhanyayo. Umlenze ungaba nsundu noma nsundu ngombala ngephethini yesici semeshi;
- i-boletus - ikepisi lamakhowe alinayo imibala egqamile enombala onsundu; uginindela wesitshalo ungaba nombala omncane lapho usikwa;
- I-boletus bronze - ikepusi eliyinyama, eliminyene, eliyindilinga liyingxenye yalolu hlobo lwezitshalo eziphansi. Umlenze ubomvu nsundu ngokubomvu ngombala, uyindilinga, uqweqwe phansi.
Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo zamakhowe ezifana nomhlonyane obabayo. Kungakho udinga ukuthenga umkhiqizo kubaphakeli abathembekile abanamakhono akhethekile neminyaka eminingi yesipiliyoni.
Kungani ikhowe lamanga le-porcini liyingozi?
Amakhowe amhlophe angamanga ayingozi, okokuqala, ngoba awadli. Yize kunjalo, ubumunyu abunabo ubuthi futhi, lapho busetshenziswa, umuntu angaphuma ngobuthi obuncane. Amakhowe we-Bile anobuthi, zonke izinto eziyingozi ziqukethe uginindela womzimba othelayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, banokunambitheka okungathandeki kakhulu, okuvezwa ukufutheka okuqinile, okungasuswa yinoma yiluphi uhlobo lokucubungula.
Kuyizinto ezinobuthi ezibeka engcupheni impilo yabantu, ngoba zinomthelela omubi esibindini futhi zisishabalalise ngokushesha nje lapho zingena emzimbeni. Ngemuva kokudla ikhowe lenyongo, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthola ubuthi ngokushesha. Ukucekelwa phansi kwesibindi kwenzeka kancane kancane futhi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, futhi kwesinye isikhathi amasonto, imiphumela edumazayo ingabonakala. Izimpawu zobuthi zifaka:
- ubuthakathaka nesiyezi;
- ukwephulwa kwenqubo ye-bile secretion;
- ukuthuthukiswa kwesibindi (lapho inani elikhulu lamafungus amhlophe angamanga lingena emzimbeni).
Iqiniso lokuthi i-gorchak yenqaba ukudla ngisho nezikelemu nezinambuzane, kanye nezilwane ezingafuni ukunambitha ikhowe, kufakazela ukungabi namandla kwayo nokunambitheka okunengekayo.
