I-mink yase-Europe (Latin Mustela lutreola) isilwane esidlayo somndeni wama-mustelids. Kunga-oda wezilwane ezincelisayo. Ezindaweni eziningi zomlando, sekuyisikhathi eside kuthathwa njengesilwane esingasekho futhi kubhalwe kuRed Book njengezilwane ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Ubunzima besibalo sabantu kunzima ukucacisa, kepha kulinganiselwa ukuthi kunabantu abangaphansi kuka-30,000 endle.
Izizathu zokunyamalala zihlukile. Isici sokuqala kwakuwuboya obuyigugu be-mink, obudingeka njalo, obukhuthaza ukuzingelwa kwesilwane. Okwesibili yikoloni le-mink yaseMelika, eyasusa eyaseYurophu, endaweni yayo yemvelo. Isici sesithathu ukubhujiswa kwamachibi nezindawo ezifanele impilo. Esokugcina ubhadane lwezifo. Ama-mink aseYurophu atholakala kalula ngamagciwane njengezinja. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi ngezindawo lapho abantu bebaningi khona. Ubhadane lwezifo lungesinye sezizathu zokwehla kwenani lalezi zilwane ezincelisayo ezihlukile.
Incazelo
Inkambiso yaseYurophu isilwane esincane. Kwesinye isikhathi abesilisa bakhula bafike kuma-40 cm ngesisindo esingu-750 g, bese kuthi abesifazane kube ngaphansi - okunesisindo esingaba yingxenye yekhilogremu nobude obungaphezudlwana kwamasentimitha angama-25. Umzimba uvulekile, izitho zifushane. Umsila awukhohlisi, ubude obungu-10-15 cm.
Isifonyo siwumngcingo, sicwecwe kancane, sinezindlebe ezincane eziyindilinga, sicishe sifihlwe eboyeni obugqinsiwe nasemehlweni. Izinzwane ze-mink zichazwe nge-membrane, lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi emilenzeni yangemuva.
Uboya buwugqinsi, buminyene, abude, bunendawo enhle, ehlala yomile noma ngemuva kwezinqubo zamanzi ezinde. Umbala yi-monochromatic, kusuka ekukhanyeni kuye kokumnyama onsundu, kuyaqabukela kube mnyama. Kukhona indawo emhlophe esilevini nasesifubeni.
IJografi nendawo yokuhlala
Phambilini, iminks yaseYurophu yayihlala kulo lonke elaseYurophu, kusukela eFinland kuya eSpain. Kodwa-ke, manje sezitholakala kuphela ezindaweni ezincane eSpain, eFrance, eRomania, e-Ukraine naseRussia. Iningi lalezi zinhlobo zihlala eRussia. Lapha inani labo lingabantu abangama-20 000 - okubili kokuthathu kwenani lomhlaba eliphelele.
Lezi zinhlobo zinezidingo eziqondile zendawo yokuhlala, okungenye yezizathu zokwehla kobukhulu besibalo sabantu. Ziyizidalwa eziphila emanzini ezihlala emanzini nasemhlabeni, ngakho-ke kufanele zihlale eduze kwezidumbu zamanzi. Kuyisici ukuthi izilwane zihlala eceleni kwamachibi anamanzi angenasawoti, imifula, imifudlana namaxhaphozi. Azikho izehlakalo zokuthi i-mink yaseYurophu ivele ngasogwini lolwandle erekhodiwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iMustela lutreola idinga izimila eziminyene ogwini lolwandle. Bahlela izindawo zabo zokuhlala ngokumba imigodi noma ukugcwalisa izingodo eziyize, ngokuzivikela ngotshani namaqabunga ngokucophelela, ngaleyo ndlela baziduduze bona kanye nenzalo yabo.
Imikhuba
Iminks yizilwane ezidla ebusuku ezizizwa zikhululekile kakhulu kusihlwa. Kodwa kwesinye isikhathi bayazingela ebusuku. Ukuzingela kwenzeka ngendlela ethokozisayo - isilwane silandelela isisulu saso kusuka ogwini, lapho sichitha khona isikhathi saso esiningi.
Ama-mink angababhukudi abahle kakhulu, iminwe yabo eboshiwe iyabasiza ukuthi basebenzise izidladla zabo njengezimpiko. Uma kunesidingo, zitshuza kahle, uma kwenzeka ingozi zibhukuda ngaphansi kwamanzi kuze kufike kumamitha angama-20. Ngemuva kokuphefumula okuncane, bangaqhubeka nokubhukuda.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Amaminki adla inyama, okusho ukuthi adla inyama. Amagundane, onogwaja, inhlanzi, i-crayfish, izinyoka, amaxoxo nezinyoni zamanzi ziyingxenye yokudla kwabo. I-mink yaseYurophu yaziwa ngokudla ezinye izimila. Izinsalela zezikhumba zivame ukugcinwa emgodini wazo.
Idla noma iziphi izakhamizi ezincane zamachibi nezindawo ezizungezile. Ukudla okuyisisekelo yilawa: amagundane, amagundane, izinhlanzi, izilwane eziphila ezweni, amaxoxo, i-crayfish, amabhungane nezibungu.
Izinkukhu, amadada nezinye izilwane ezincane ezifuywayo kwesinye isikhathi ziyazingelwa eduze nemizi. Ngesikhathi sendlala, bangadla imfucuza.
Okuncamelayo kunikezwa inyamazane entsha: ekuthunjweni, ngokushoda kwenyama esezingeni eliphakeme, babulawa indlala izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokushintshela enyameni eyonakele.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kokubanda okubandayo, bazama ukwenza okokukhosela endaweni yabo ngamanzi angenasawoti, inhlanzi, amagundane, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinyoni. Amaxoxo angavuleki futhi agoqiwe agcinwa emanzini angajulile.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Ama-minks aseYurophu ayedwa. Abaphambuki babe ngamaqembu, bahlala ngokwehlukana. Okuhlukile yisikhathi sokukhwelana, lapho abesilisa abasebenzayo beqala ukujaha futhi balwela abesifazane abalungele ukukhwelana. Lokhu kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, futhi ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli - ekuqaleni kukaMeyi, ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-40 zokukhulelwa, kuzalwa inzalo eningi. Imvamisa kudoti owodwa kusuka kumawundlu amabili kuya kwayisikhombisa. Umama wabo ubagcina ebisini kuze kube izinyanga ezine, bese beguqula ngokuphelele ukudla okunomsoco wenyama. Umama uhamba ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha, kuthi ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-10-12, bafinyelele ebusheni.
