Ngesikhathi seSoviet, i-Ukraine yayijwayele ukubizwa ngesinkwa, insimbi kanye nendawo yezempilo ezweni lakithi. Futhi ngesizathu esihle. Endaweni encane kakhulu ka-603 628 km2, kuqoqwa izinqolobane ezicebile kakhulu zamaminerali, kufaka phakathi amalahle, i-titanium, i-nickel, i-iron ore, i-manganese, i-graphite, isulfure, njll. Kulapha lapho kugcinwa khona ama-70% ezinqolobane ezisezingeni eliphakeme zomhlaba, i-40% - inhlabathi emnyama, kanye namaminerali ayingqayizivele namanzi ashisayo.
3 amaqembu imithombo Ukraine
Izinsizakusebenza zemvelo e-Ukraine, ezivame ukubizwa ngokungajwayelekile ngokuhluka kwazo, ubukhulu nosayizi wokuhlola, zingahlukaniswa ngamaqembu amathathu:
- izinsizakusebenza ezinamandla;
- izinsimbi zensimbi;
- amadwala anga-metallic.
Okubizwa ngokuthi "isizinda semithombo yezimbiwa" kudalwe yi-90% e-USSR ngesisekelo sendlela ekhona yocwaningo. Okunye kwanezelwa ngo-1991-2016 ngenxa yemizamo yabatshalizimali abazimele. Imininingwane etholakalayo ngemithombo yemvelo e-Ukraine yehlukile. Isizathu salokhu ukuthi ingxenye yedatha (ukuhlola komhlaba, amamephu, izinhlu) kugcinwa ezikhungweni zaseRussia. Ukushiya eceleni udaba lobunikazi bemiphumela yocwaningo, kufanelekile ukugcizelela ukuthi kunemigodi evulekile engaphezu kuka-20 000 nezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-120 zezimayini e-Ukraine, ezingama-8,172 ezilula kuthi ezingama-94 zibe zezimboni. Izinkwali ezilula ezingama-2,868 ziqhutshwa yizinkampani zezimayini ezingama-2 000.
Main imithombo yemvelo Ukraine
- insimbi;
- amalahle;
- i-manganese ore;
- igesi yemvelo;
- uwoyela;
- isibabule;
- i-graphite;
- insimbi ye-titanium;
- i-magnesium;
- Uranus;
- i-chromium;
- i-nickel;
- i-aluminium;
- ithusi;
- zinc;
- hola;
- izinsimbi zomhlaba ezingavamile;
- i-potassium;
- usawoti wedwala;
- kaolinite.
Ukukhiqizwa okuyinhloko kwensimbi kugxilwe endaweni yesigodi saseKrivoy Rog esifundeni saseDnipropetrovsk. Kunamadiphozithi angaba ngu-300 lapha anezinqolobane eziqinisekisiwe zamathani ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-18.
Imali yeManganese itholakala esitsheni saseNikov futhi ingenye enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.
I-Titanium ore itholakala ezifundeni zeZhytomyr naseDnepropetrovsk, i-uranium - ezifundeni zaseKirovograd naseDnepropetrovsk. I-Nickel ore - eKirovograd futhi, ekugcineni, i-aluminium - esifundeni saseDnepropetrovsk. Igolide lingatholakala eDonbass naseTranscarpathia.
Inani elikhulu lamalahle aphehlwa ngamandla necoke litholakala esifundeni saseDonbass naseDnipropetrovsk. Kukhona nokufakwa okuncane entshonalanga yezwe kanye naseDnieper. Yize kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ikhwalithi yayo kulezi zifunda ingaphansi kakhulu kwamalahle aseDonetsk.
Indawo yokuzalwa
Ngokwezibalo zokuma komhlaba, cishe zingama-300 izinkambu zikawoyela negesi ezihloliwe e-Ukraine. Inqwaba yokukhiqizwa kukawoyela iwela esifundeni esentshonalanga njengendawo endala yezimboni. Enyakatho, kufakwa empompini ezifundeni zaseChernigov, ePoltava naseKharkov. Ngeshwa, u-70% kawoyela okhiqizwayo ungaphansi kwekhwalithi futhi awukulungele ukucutshungulwa.
Ngokunokwenzeka, imithombo yamandla yase-Ukraine iyakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zayo. Kepha, ngezizathu ezingaziwa noma ngubani, umbuso awuwenzi ucwaningo nomsebenzi wesayensi ngale ndlela.
