Isiqu

Isiqu - inyoni eyaziwa kakhulu kusuka ku-oda labadlula ngendlela. Lesi silwane esihlekisayo, esiphilayo, nesidlalayo saziwa kubantu abadala kanye nezingane. Inendawo ebanzi yokusabalalisa ezungeze iplanethi, ihlukaniswe ngezinhlobo eziningi. Zonke izinhlobo zalezi zinyoni ngezindlela eziningi ziyefana ngokufana, imikhuba, indlela yokuphila.

Umsuka wezinhlobo nencazelo

Isithombe: Tit

I-Titmouse iyingxenye yomndeni omkhulu kakhulu we-titmice. Bangabamele abakhulu kakhulu be-oda lokungena. Ubude bomzimba we-tit bungafinyelela amasentimitha ayishumi nanhlanu. Phambilini, izihloko ezazibizwa ngokuthi "zinitsy". Izinyoni zaqanjwa kanjalo ngenxa yengoma yesilwane, ezwakala njenge "zin-zin". Kamuva nje izinyoni zathola igama lazo lesimanje, elivela ezimfanelweni zezimpaphe. Igama elithi "tit" kubantu abaningi abanemvelaphi yamaSlavic lizwakala licishe lifane.

Lezi zinyoni ezincane, ezisebenzayo ziye zaziswa kakhulu cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kunesinqumo seNkosi uLouis waseBavaria, esikhishwe ngekhulu leshumi nane, esichaza ukuvinjelwa okuqinile ekubhujisweni kwamatiti. Lezi zinyoni zazibhekwa njengeziwusizo kakhulu, kwakungenakwenzeka ukuzizingela. Lesi sinqumo sisekhona kuze kube namuhla.

Namuhla, uhlobo lwe-tits lubandakanya izinhlobo ezine eziyinhloko, ezihlukaniswe ngenani elikhulu lama-subspecies:

• grey tit. Umehluko wayo omkhulu wangaphandle umbala ongavamile wesisu - grey noma mhlophe. Indawo yemvelo yale nyoni iyindawo yonke yase-Asia;
• umgwaqo omkhulu. Le nyoni enkulu kunazo zonke kuhlobo lohlobo. Lezi zinyoni zinombala ogqamile, ojabulayo: isisu esiphuzi, "uthayi" omnyama, izimpaphe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza. IBolshaki zivame kakhulu. Zitholakala kulo lonke elase-Eurasia;
• greenback. Izinyoni ezinjalo zihlukaniswa ngombala womnqumo womsila, izimpiko, izimpaphe ezibuthuntu zesisu;
• empumalanga. Ngokubukeka, isilwane futhi sibukeka njenge-grey tit. Inesisu esimpunga, kepha ihlala eSakhalin, eJapan, emazweni amaningi aseMpumalanga Ekude. Itholakala ngobuningi e-Kuril Islands.

Ukubukeka nezici

Isithombe: bird tit

Inyoni ephilayo, encane uma iqhathaniswa, ibonakala kalula. Izinyoni eziningi zalolu hlobo zinesisu sikalamula esikhanyayo, phakathi kwazo kukhona umugqa omnyama we-longitudinal. Ezinye izinhlobo zinezimpaphe ezimhlophe, ezimhlophe esiswini. Inhloko inezimpaphe ezimnyama, izihlathi ezimhlophe, umhlane womnqumo nezimpiko. Amabhithi makhulu kancane kunondlunkulu abaphakathi nendawo. Futhi umehluko omkhulu kondlunkulu umsila omude. Umzimba cishe ungamasentimitha angamashumi amabili ubude, futhi umsila ungafinyelela ngamasentimitha ayisikhombisa. Le nyoni ivame ukuba nesisindo esingaba amagremu ayishumi nesithupha.

Ividiyo: Tit

Izinyoni zalolu hlobo zinamakhanda amakhulu, kodwa amehlo amancane ayindilinga. Iris ivame ukuba mnyama ngombala. Kwezinye izinhlobo kuphela lapho iba mhlophe noma ibomvu. Inhloko yezinyoni ihlotshiswe nge "cap" ekhanyayo. Ezinye izinhlobo zinesigaxa esincane. Kwakhiwa ngezimpaphe ezinde ezinde zisuka esihlokweni.

Naphezu kobukhulu bayo obuncane uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinyoni, ama-titmouses "ayi-oda" langempela lehlathi. Zibulala inqwaba yezinambuzane eziyingozi.

Uqhwaku luyindilinga ukusuka phezulu, luyicaba emaceleni. Ngaphandle, uqhwaku lubukeka njengesigaxa. Amakhala agcwele izimpaphe. Bristly, cishe ezingabonakali. Umphimbo nengxenye yesifuba zinombala omnyama. Kodwa-ke, zine-tint emnandi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Umhlane uvame ukuba ngumnqumo. Umbala onjalo ongajwayelekile, okhanyayo wenza i-titmice encane ibe yinhle kakhulu. Zibukeka zimibalabala ikakhulukazi ngemuva kweqhwa elimhlophe.

Amabele anemilenze emincane kodwa enamandla. Izinzipho zeminwe zigobile. Izidladla ezinjalo, uzipho lusiza isilwane ukuba sihlale kangcono emagatsheni. Umsila uqukethe izimpaphe zomsila eziyishumi nambili, izimpiko, ezizungezwe ekugcineni, zifushane. Lezi zinyoni zihlukaniswa ukuhamba kwazo ngamandla. Zishaya amaphiko azo kaningana, bese zindiza nge-inertia. Ngale ndlela izilwane zonga amandla azo.

Ihlala kuphi i-titmouse?

Isithombe: Tit animal

I-Titmice ingatholakala cishe noma kuphi eMhlabeni wethu.

Indawo yemvelo ihlanganisa izifunda ezilandelayo, amazwe:

• I-Asia, iYurophu, i-Afrika, iMelika;
• ITaiwan, iSunda, iziQhingi zasePhilippines;
• I-Ukraine, iPoland, iMoldova, iBelarus, neRussia.

Iningi labantu abangama-tit lihlala e-Asia. Cishe izinhlobo eziyishumi nanye zihlala eRussia nase-Ukraine. Lezi zinyoni azitholakali eMelika Ephakathi neseNingizimu, eCaribbean Islands, Madagascar, Antarctica, Australia, New Guinea.

Abamele lolu hlobo lwezinyoni bakhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezivulekile. Bahlala, bakhe izidleke zabo eduze kwama-glades, onqenqemeni lwehlathi. Azinazo izidingo zohlobo lwehlathi. Kodwa-ke, zitholakala kaningi emahlathini axubekile, ahlabayo. Indawo yokuhlala ixhomeke kakhulu ohlotsheni lwe-titmouse. Izinyoni ezihlala eYurophu zikhetha ukuhlala emahlathini e-oki. Ama-titmouses aseSiberia atholakala eduze kwabantu, endaweni ethile emaphethelweni ehlathi. EMongolia, ama-tits ahlala endaweni eyi-semi-desert.

Lezi zilwane azikhethi amahlathi amnyama okwakha izidleke. Zikhetha ukundiza ezindaweni ezinamahlathi asemahlathini, lapho kunemizimba yamanzi, imifula, amachibi kuze kube manje. Futhi, abamele umndeni bavame ukutholakala ezintabeni. Inani labo elikhulu labantu lisezintabeni i-Alps, ezintabeni zase-Atlas. Izilwane azikhuphuki ngaphezu kwamamitha ayinkulungwane namakhulu ayisishiyagalolunye namashumi amahlanu ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.

Amabele yizinyoni ezingathuthi. Lokhu kungenxa yokumelana kwabo nesimo sezulu esibandayo. Bahola impilo yokuzulazula. Ngesimo sezulu esibandayo, lezi zilwane zimane zisondele eduze kwabantu, ngoba lapho-ke zinamathuba amaningi okuzitholela ukudla.

Idla ngani i-titmouse?

Isithombe: Tit indiza

Amabhungu ayizinambuzane. Naphezu kobukhulu bazo obuncane, lezi zinyoni zihlanza ngempumelelo amahlathi, izingadi, amapaki, nezingadi zemifino kusuka ezinambuzaneni eziningi eziyingozi. Kodwa-ke, ukudla kwezinyoni ezinjalo kuncike nasenkathini. Ebusika, ama-titmouses kufanele adle ukudla kwezitshalo ezimweni eziningi.

Azikho izinambuzane ebusika, ngakho-ke izinyoni kufanele zizulazule eduze nendawo yokuhlala abantu. Ebusika, ukudla kwabo kuqukethe imbewu ye-sunflower, i-oats, isinkwa esimhlophe, ukudla kwemfuyo. Ubumnandi obuthandwa kakhulu yizinyoni ubhekeni. Bayidla iluhlaza kuphela. Ukuze zithole ukudla, ngezinye izikhathi izinyoni kuze kudingeke ziye ezindaweni zokulahla udoti.

Izinambuzane ezilandelayo zifakiwe ekudleni kwalezi zinyoni ngezikhathi zasentwasahlobo, ehlobo nasekwindla:

• ojekamanzi, amaphela, izimbungulu;
• ama-cicadas, amabhungane egolide, amabhungane omhlabathi;
• izimpondo ezinde, ocelemba, izifudumezi, Amabhungane angamaMay, amabhungane amaqabunga;
• iminyovu nezinyosi;
• izintuthwane, iklabishi, imisundu, izimpukane, izimpukane zehhashi;
• izinaliti, izimbali, imbewu ye-rosehip, amajikijolo ahlukahlukene.

Amabheshu abhekwa njengezilwane ezikhiqiza izinambuzane kuphela. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akulona iqiniso impela. Ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni zizingela ngobuciko, zibambe futhi zidle amalulwane amancane. Ikakhulukazi lawa amagundane awakwazi ukuzivikela esikhathini esifushane ngemuva kokulala ubusika bonke.

Isici esithakazelisa kakhulu salezi zinyoni ezizingela izinambuzane ezingenamgogodla ezicasha ngaphansi kwegxolo. Ama-titmouses alenga phansi abheke phansi emagatsheni, okuwavumela ukuthi afinyelele ngokushesha isisulu sawo. Ngosuku olulodwa, i-titmouse encane iyakwazi ukudla izinambuzane ezingaba amakhulu ayisithupha. Isisindo esiphelele sesilwane esidliwayo ngosuku singalingana nesakho isisindo setit.

Izici zobuntu nendlela yokuphila

Isithombe: Tit eRussia

Abamele umndeni we-tit bayizilwane ezikhuthele kakhulu. Zihamba njalo. Bahlala impilo yomphakathi, baqoqana emhlambini omkhulu. Umhlambi owodwa onjalo ungaba cishe abantu abangamashumi amahlanu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, imihlambi enjalo ingafaka izinyoni zezinye izinhlobo. Isibonelo, ama-nuthatches. Izinyoni zihlukana ngazimbili kuphela ngesikhathi sokukhwelana. Ngalesi sikhathi, izilwane zihlanganyela endaweni yokudla. Kwibhangqa elilodwa, kwabelwe cishe amamitha angamashumi amahlanu.

Ukundiza akulona iphuzu eliqinile le-titmouse. Azinamandla. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuphazamisi impilo yezinyoni. Ezimweni eziningi, umzila wesilwane uqukethe izihlahla eziningana, amagceke. I-titmouse isuka kolunye uthango iye kolunye, isuka esihlahleni iye esihlahleni. Ngesikhathi sendiza, isilwane sikwazi ukuzuza ngokubamba izinambuzane ezindizayo.

Amabele awafuduki, kepha ezimweni eziningi izinyoni eziyimihambuma. Ngokuqala kweqhwa, basondela emizini yabantu. Kodwa-ke, kwesinye isikhathi ukufuduka kuvela ukuthi kubaluleke kakhulu. Amacala aqoshwa lapho kutholwa abantu baseRoscow eYurophu. Ngesikhathi sasemini, iziqu zetimu azibheki ukudla ezihlahleni kuphela, ezifunayo. Imvamisa bavakashela amakhaya abantu, bandizela kumabhalkhoni nakuma-loggias.

I-titmouse inomlingiswa ojabule kakhulu, ozolile, onobuhle. Azivamile ukuzibandakanya ekujikeni nezinye izinyoni nezilwane. ISinichek ayiwuhluphi umphakathi wabantu. Bangaphakelwa ngisho nangezandla. Lezi zilwane zingabonisa ukuhlukumeza kuphela ngesikhathi sokondla inzalo yazo. Babi ngokwanele futhi bangena kalula ezingeni lokulwa nabancintisana nabo, babaxosha endaweni yabo.

Isakhiwo senhlalo nokuzala

Isithombe: Izinyoni ze-Tit

Isikhathi sokudlelana kwama-titmouses siwela ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Ezingxenyeni eziningi zemvelo, kubanda ngokwanele ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ngakho-ke izinyoni zivimba izidleke zazo ukuze amachwane esikhathi esizayo angabi yiqhwa kuzo. Amabhithi akha isidleke ngababili, bese ndawonye bakhulisa inzalo. Izilwane zakha izidleke ehlathini elincane, ezingadini, emapaki. Inani elikhulu lezidleke litholakala osebeni lomfula. Izinyoni zibeka ikhaya lazo endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha amabili ukusuka phansi. Imvamisa zihlala ezindlini ezilahlwe ezinye izinhlobo zezinyoni.

Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, ama-titmouses aphenduka izidalwa ezinolaka. Baxosha ngobuchule abantu abangabazi endaweni yabo, bavikele isidleke. Izilwane zakha isidleke ngamahlumela ahlukahlukene, utshani, ubulembu, izimpande. Ingaphakathi lendlu ligcwele uboya, ubulembu, ukotini. Insikazi ingabeka amaqanda angafika kwayishumi nanhlanu ngasikhathi. Zimhlophe, ziyacwebezela kancane. Ubuso bamaqanda bumbozwe ngamabala amancane ansundu. Inyoni le izalela amaqanda kabili ngonyaka.

Amaqanda ayavuthwa kungakapheli izinsuku eziyishumi nantathu. Insikazi ihlanganyela ekufukameleni amaqanda. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa uthola ukudla kwezakhe. Ngemuva kokuchanyuselwa, insikazi ayishiyi masinyane amaphuphu. Ngezinsuku zokuqala, amaphuphu ambozwe ngenani elincane kuphela lehla. Umzali ubandakanyeka ekushiseni amawundlu akhe. Ngalesi sikhathi, owesilisa uqala ukutholela umndeni wonke ukudla.

Ama-titmouses azalwe kuphela anobuqili obukhulu, njengezinyoni ezindala. Abazali kufanele babondle cishe izikhathi ezingamashumi amane ngehora.

Amachwane azimela izinsuku eziyishumi nesikhombisa kuphela emva kokuzalwa. Kodwa-ke, ababashiyi ngokushesha abazali babo. Cishe izinsuku eziyisishiyagalolunye, ama-titmouses amancane azama ukuhlala esondelene. Ezinyangeni eziyishumi emva kokuzalwa, izilwane ezincane zivuthwa ngokocansi.

Izitha zemvelo zamabele

Isithombe: Tit eMoscow

Amabhithi yizinyoni ezihambayo, ezisheshayo. Azivamile ukuba yizisulu zezilwane, izinyoni nabantu. Ukubamba i-tit akulula kangako. Kodwa-ke, i-titmouse iyisilwane esihlwabusayo sezinyoni eziningi ezidla inyama. Bahlaselwa yizikhova, izikhova zezinkozi, izikhova zesibaya, ama-kites, izinkozi, izinkozi zegolide. Ama-Woodpeckers angabizwa nangokuthi isitha. Ama-Woodpeckers enza ukubhujiswa kwezidleke.

Izingwejeje, izinyoni ezingama-whirligig, nezintuthwane nazo ziyabandakanyeka ekonakaleni, ekuchitheni izidleke. Ama-titmouses ngokuvamile abulawa ngamazeze. Amakhemikhali amakhumbi angahlala esidlekeni. Ngemuva kwalokho amaphuphu amancane angafa ngenxa yethonya lawo. AmaMartens, ama-ferrets nama-weasel azingela ngenkuthalo izinyoni ezincane. Lezi zilwane ngobuciko zibamba iziqu, naphezu kokuhamba kwazo. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi lapho inyoni iqoqa izinto zokwakha isidleke sayo noma iphazanyiswa ukudla ukudla. Uma i-titmouse ingafi ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yizilwane ezidla ezinye, khona-ke ingahlala ehlathini cishe iminyaka emithathu. Ekuthunjweni, isikhathi sokuphila singaba ngaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi.

Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, ama-tits awanazo izitha eziningi zemvelo. Kodwa-ke, kunezinye izinto eziholela ekufeni kwalezi zinyoni. Ku-90% yindlala. Inani elikhulu kakhulu lezinyoni liyashabalala ebusika, lapho ingekho indlela yokuthola izinambuzane, tshala ukudla kokudla. Amaqhwa awasabisi kuma-titmouses uma inyoni igcwele. Ngalesi sizathu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza nokugcwalisa abaphakeli bezilwane ngesikhathi.

Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo

Isithombe: Tit esihlahleni

Iningi lama-subspecies ohlobo lwe-tits maningi impela. Ngalesi sizathu, izinhlobo azidingi izindlela zokuzivikela, zokuzivikela. Isibalo sabantu abazinzile. Kuphela ebusika lapho ukwehla okukhulu kwenani lezinyoni. Lokhu ikakhulukazi kuhlobene nendlala. Izinyoni ziyafa ngenxa yokushoda kokudla. Ukuze kugcinwe inani lezindawo zokubamba izihloko, abantu kudingeka bavame ukuxhoma abaphakeli ezihlahleni bese bezigcwalisa ngembewu, i-oats, isinkwa, kanye nebhekoni eluhlaza.

Kepha kunezici ezinomphumela omuhle kubantu bezinhlobo. Ngakho-ke, inani lamatits likhuphuke kakhulu ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwamadolobha, ukuthuthukiswa komsebenzi wezomnotho wabantu. Uma ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi kunomthelela omubi kubantu bezinye izilwane, khona-ke ngenxa yamathumbu kube nomthelela ekuveleni kwezindawo ezintsha zokwakha izidleke. Abantu basiza futhi ukugcina inani labantu. Izinyoni zivame ukweba ukudla kwemfuyo, ebusika zondla kubaphakeli abakhethekile. Abalimi, abalimi, kanye nabahlali basemaphandleni banesifiso esikhulukazi sokugcina inani eliphakeme lama-titmice. Yilezi zinyoni ezenza kube nokwenzeka ukusula umhlaba wezolimo ezinambuzane eziningi.

Isimo sokongiwa kwabamele abakwaTit umndeni asikhathazeki kangako. Ingozi yokuqothulwa kwalezi zinyoni iphansi kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuzala kwemvelo kwesilwane. Abesifazane bazalela amaqanda afinyelela kwayishumi nanhlanu kabili ngonyaka. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubuyise ngokushesha inani lomhlambi ngemuva kobusika obunzima.

Ama-titmouses amancane yizinyoni ezisheshayo, ezijabule futhi ezinempilo. Zihlala zisuka kwelinye iphuzu ziye kwelinye zifuna izinambuzane. Ngalokhu, ziletha izinzuzo ezinkulu kubantu, zibhubhisa izinambuzane. Futhi izingoma zicula kahle! I-repertoire yabo ifaka imisindo engaphezu kwamashumi amane ehlukene esetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene zonyaka. Bacula izingoma ezimnandi kakhulu.

Usuku lokushicilelwa: 05/17/2019

Idethi ebuyekeziwe: 20.09.2019 ngo-20: 29