Abantu abaningi banesifiso sokuphuza amanzi ahlanzekile kuphela, ngoba anenzuzo enkulu, futhi noma yikuphi ukulimala kuvinjelwe. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinto ezahlukahlukene zingaholela ekukhuleni okuqinile, ikhwalithi engemihle, okuholele engcupheni enkulu. Wonke umuntu kufanele okungenani azi ukuthi anganquma kanjani ukuqina kwamanzi ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakhe.
Yiziphi izinto ezingaba yingozi?
Ukwanda kobulukhuni kwenziwa lula ngosawoti ababili, okuyi-potassium ne-magnesium. Ngasikhathi sinye, izinkomba zingahluka. Kwezinye izimo, ubulukhuni yi-carbonate, kanti kwezinye yi-sulfate. Udinga ukulilungiselela iqiniso lokuthi ama-98% wamacala anobulukhuni be-carbonate, okuyingozi ngempela futhi okungathandeki. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yiziphi izingxenye ezingathandeki, kunconywa ukuthi ufunde ngokucophelela izinkomba zokubaluleka okuphelele kwamanzi.
- Ukuqina kwesikhashana kubangelwa i-calcium, i-strontium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-iron.
- Ingozi enkulu kunazo zonke ihlotshaniswa nobulukhuni be-carbonate, obubangelwa ama-sulfates, ama-nitrate, i-chloride ne-bicarbonate.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuphela okuyisisekelo solwazi ukuzivikela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinkinga. Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi amanzi aqinile aholela ekubonakaleni kocwecwe oluminyene ezintweni zokusebenza kanye nokuwohloka kwesimo somzimba womuntu, kuvusa ukubonakala kwesihlabathi noma amatshe enyongo, isibindi nezinso. Ngalesi sizathu, kunoma yiziphi izimo, emabhizinisini nasekhaya, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunakekela ukubhekwa ngokucophelela kwazo zonke izinkomba nokuhlanzwa okufanele, okungabonisa izinga eliphezulu lokusebenza kahle.
Kulezi zinsuku, kusetshenziswa igama elinjalo lobulukhuni njenge-millimole ilitha ngalinye. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le pharamitha ikuvumela ukuthi unqume inani likasawoti ngelitha ngalinye lamanzi asezingeni eliphansi. Kulokhu, usawoti wobulukhuni kufanele unqunywe isisindo samangqamuzana sento, esizohlukaniswa yi-valence yayo. Imililitha elilodwa ngelitha ngalinye likasawoti we-calcium kungaba ama-milligram angama-20.04, kepha kuzoba nama-milligram ayi-12.1 kuphela we-magnesium. Izinkomba ezinjalo zenza sikwazi ukuqonda ukuthi amanzi ayingozi kanjani kunoma yisiphi isidalwa esiphilayo ngisho nakwizinto zasendlini. Ukwahlukaniswa okunjalo kuvumelekile kuzo zonke izifundazwe ze-USSR yangaphambili, ngoba kwamanye amazwe kuyisiko ukuyibhekisisa le nkinga ngendlela ehlukile.
- EJalimane, kuyisiko ukusebenzisa amadigri aseJalimane.
- EFrance, iziqu zaseFrance.
Esimweni ngasinye, amayunithi kufanele anakwe. Isibonelo, lapho uthenga isihlungi sangaphandle sokuhlanzwa kwamanzi, kuyinto efiselekayo ukubheka amanani angeke ahambisane nemininingwane ye-post-Soviet. Ngasikhathi sinye, kucatshangelwa kuphela imininingwane enjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwezinyathelo zokuhlanza kanye nekhono lokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamanzi asetshenzisiwe.
Kufanele kuqondwe ukuthi ubulukhuni bamanzi bucabanga ukuba khona kwezakhi ezimbili eziyingozi emzimbeni womuntu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuqina kungokwesikhashana futhi kuhlala unomphela. Kodwa-ke, okuyingozi kakhulu kwimishini yasendlini ukuqina kwesikhashana, ngoba yilokhu okuholela ekwakhiweni kwesikali. Kubantu, ukutholakala kokungcola kwe-magnesium, calcium kanye ne-ferruginous deposits nakho kungathandeki. I-nitrate, i-sulfate, i-chloride anion yizinto zobulukhuni obuhlala njalo ezingancibilika kalula emanzini.
Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi amanani ahlukahlukene ezinto angavela ngokuhlukile kusigaba.
- Amanzi athambile azofinyelela kuma-milligram amathathu ngelitha.
- Isilinganiso singamamiligremu amathathu kuya kwayisithupha.
- Isibalo esiphakeme singaphezu kwama-milligram ayisithupha.
Ungakunquma kanjani kahle ukuqina?
Kufiseleka kanjani ukwenza ukuhlolwa kobulukhuni bamanzi ukuze kulindeleke imiphumela emihle ethembisa ukuthi izolunga? Izinga elilungile lingama-meq ayisikhombisa ngelitha ngalinye lamanzi. Kodwa-ke, ezimweni eziningi inkomba ayihambelani nokujwayelekile. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okuqukethwe usawoti omncane emanzini, ngaphandle kwalokho amanzi awakwazi ukuba sezingeni eliphakeme.
Iyiphi inqubo engasetshenziswa ukwenza isimo sangempela sicace?
- Ukuqhathanisa amanzi avela emithonjeni emibili. Kukhona ithuba lokukala amanzi ezitsheni ezihlukene. Amanzi alula athembisa ukuthamba, ngakho-ke kuyinto efiselekayo ukuwasebenzisela noma iyiphi injongo.
- Ukubilisa itiye lekhwalithi ephezulu kungenye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokunquma ubulukhuni bamanzi. Isiphuzo kufanele sixazululwe, ngemuva kwalokho - ungagxila ekubonakaleni nasekubalweni. Ukungabonakali kanye nomthunzi wepentshisi amanani alungile. Ukuguquguquka kwetiye akuvumelekile.
- Kunconywa ukusebenzisa izinto zokuhlanza ekhaya. Isibonelo, insipho ingabutha kuphela uma kusetshenziswa amanzi athambile.
- Kukhona kungenzeka insipho ukugaya. Uma incibilikiswa emanzini ashisayo, kufanele ifakwe. Kuzovela uqweqwe lwensipho uma amanzi enzima kakhulu.
- Ukufakwa kwe-Limescale ku-kettle kungenzeka ngamanzi anzima. Kodwa-ke, kunconywa ukuthi ungaholeli ezimweni ezinjalo.
- Kukhona ithuba lokuqoqa amanzi ebhodleleni, okufanele lifakwe izinsuku ezimbili endaweni emnyama. Uma amanzi esahlala esobala futhi engenawo ama-shades anamafu, ukuqhakaza noma ifilimu, ungathembela kubumnene nekhwalithi ehloniphekile.
- Uma iconsi selomile engilazini noma esibukweni, imikhondo ngeke ishiywe esimweni esisodwa kuphela. Amanzi empeleni ayakwazi ukujabulisa ngobumsulwa bawo nekhwalithi ephezulu.
- Ama-Unionidae molluscs angasiza ekunqumeni ikhwalithi yamanzi. Udinga ukuqonda ukuthi le ndlela icacile, ngoba akulula kangako ukuthola izimbaza. Amasinki angavala uma ukungcola okungadingekile kukhona emanzini.
Ukulimala kwamanzi anzima
Amanzi aqinile anezici eziningi ezibakhathaza kakhulu abantu. Manje yini okufanele ugxile kuyo?
- Isikali esingavela kwiketela nemishini yesimanje yasendlini. Okokuqala, imiphumela izobonakala ku-teapot. I-Limescale ingavela lapho amanzi efudunyezwa. Inqubo efanayo ingenxa yokwehlukaniswa kasawoti ku-carbon dioxide, kanye ne-precipitate engakwazi ukuncibilika. Isikali siyingozi empilweni yabantu kanye nokusebenza kwamadivayisi. Inhlabathi ingakha ezintweni ezifudumeza izinto zikagesi, kube nomphumela wokuthi kunengozi yokuqhekeka.
- Amabala amhlophe angavela kompompi, izinto ezivalekile zingavela kusihlukanisi seshawa. Itshe lamanzi lakhiwa ngaphansi kwethonya likasawoti, ngenxa yalokho impilo yensiza yemishini yamapayipi yesimanje incishiswe kakhulu futhi iholela ezindlekweni ezinkulu zezezimali.
- Isikhumba somuntu siyoma. Uma, ngemuva kokugeza, kukhona ukoma okweqile kwesikhumba, ukuluma nokuxebuka kwesikhumba kuvela, kufanele uqaphele ubulukhuni bamanzi.
- Igwebu elibi lensipho, ukungakwazi ukugeza izinto, ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwempuphu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunengozi yokuwohloka okusheshayo kwezinto. Amanzi aqinile awavumeli ama-ejenti wokuhlanza ukuthi ahlanze kalula, futhi umphumela awuthandeki ngokuphelele.
- Amanzi ngaphansi kwethonya le-calcium nosawoti we-magnesium athola umbala ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Lezi zimpawu ezingenhla ziqinisekisa ukuthi ngaphansi kwethonya lesakhiwo esijwayelekile, amanzi anomthelela othile hhayi kuphela ezintweni eziphilayo, kepha nakwimpahla yabantu, ngokuba yingozi.
Ukuhlanzwa kwamuva okuphezulu
Ukwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwamanzi jikelele, kucatshangwa ukuthi kungenzeka ukusebenzisa amadivayisi wesimanje avumela ukuhlanzwa. Yiziphi izindlela ezingcono kakhulu zokwelashwa kwasekhaya ukuqinisekisa imiphumela emihle?
- Izindlela ezikhethekile zinganciphisa ngempumelelo amanzi. Ekhaya elizimele, kungasetshenziswa izinhlelo ezisebenza kahle noma izinhlelo zokuhlanza ezikhethekile. Yize izindleko ezilindelwe zemishini zilindelwe, umthelela ophelele nokususwa ngempumelelo kwanoma yiziphi izinto eziyingozi kungaqinisekiswa.
- Phakathi kokunikezwa okuhle kakhulu, kunconywa ukuthi uqaphele i-resin cation exchanger, okugcwaliswa okukhethekile ngesimo se-helium amabhola anokuqukethwe okubalulekile kwe-sodium. Izinhlaka zingasebenza hhayi kuphela nge-sodium, kodwa futhi nangamanye usawoti, kufaka phakathi i-iron. Ngokutadisha ngokucophelela imikhiqizo, ungenza ukukhetha okulungile.
Incazelo elungile yobulukhuni, kanye nokukhethwa kwemikhiqizo ehloniphekile yokuqeda izinto ezingaphezulu, kuphakamisa ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kutholakale umphumela omkhulu. Ubuchwepheshe besimanje benza kube nokwenzeka ukufeza imiphumela ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu esinomthelela ekutholeni amanzi aphilile aphephile kubantu nakubuchwepheshe.
