Umsebenzi wanoma yiliphi ibhizinisi elihlotshaniswa nokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo othile awuphelele ngaphandle kwemfucuza. Amathani awo anqwabelana unyaka wonke, ngakho-ke lezi zinto zokungcola zidinga ukugcinwa, ukuhanjiswa kanye nokulahlwa kwenye indawo. Ngokuya ngemininingwane yokukhiqizwa, imithetho ethile yokuphathwa kwemfucuza iyakhiwa futhi kwenziwa umyalo okumele uhambisane namazinga eSanPiN nemithetho yenhlangano emkhakheni wezemvelo. Lokhu kuzonciphisa inani lemfucuza futhi kunciphise nezinga lokungcola kwemvelo, okuyinkinga yomhlaba jikelele kwezemvelo.
Isimiso sokuhlukanisa
Umthetho oyisisekelo osetshenziswayo lapho kuphathwa udoti ukwahlukaniswa kwemfucuza ngohlobo. Kulokhu, kusetshenziswa ukwahlukaniswa okuhlukanisa imfucuza ngokwezinga lomthelela emvelweni. Ngakho-ke, imfucuza ihlukaniswe ngokwasekhaya nasezimbonini.
Imfucumfucu yezimboni ivela ngenxa yemisebenzi kaphethiloli, i-metallurgical, ubunjiniyela, ukudla neminye imikhakha. Lawa amagesi okukhipha, amanzi angcolile, imfucuza yezinto ezivela emabhizinisini. Uma ungayilawuli yonke le mfucuza, izokwandisa ukungcola kwemvelo.
Imfucuza yasendlini iqoqwa ngenxa yomsebenzi wabantu. Lokhu okusalayo okusalayo, iphepha, amakhadibhodi, upulasitiki, izindwangu, ukupakisha nokunye ukungcola. Yonke le mfucuza iqoqana ezitsheni zodoti eduze kwezakhiwo zokuhlala, izakhiwo zamahhovisi, izikhungo zomphakathi. Udoti kulesi sigaba ungcolisa umhlaba wethu ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu.
Izinga lokusongela
Ngaphezu kokuhlukaniswa okungenhla, ukwahlukaniswa kwemfucuza ngokwezigaba ezinobungozi nakho kuyasetshenziswa:
- isigaba. Lokhu kudoti ongenangozi. Akuqukethe izinhlanganisela eziyingozi, izinsimbi ezisindayo ezithinta kabi imvelo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le nkunkuma iyabola futhi inyamalale ebusweni bomhlaba.
- IV isigaba. Udoti wengozi ephansi. Idala ukulimala okuncane emvelweni, futhi isimo semvelo siyabuyiselwa eminyakeni emi-3.
- isigaba. Ukusingathwa kwengozi elinganiselayo. Leli qembu liqukethe ikakhulukazi ama-reagents amakhemikhali. Kumele zilahlwe, ngoba uma kungenjalo zilimaza imvelo.
- isigaba. Kulesi sigaba, kudoti oyingozi omkhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-asidi, amabhethri, imfucuza kawoyela. Konke lokhu kufanele kulahlwe.
- isigaba. Ukusingathwa kwengozi eyeqile. Ekusingatheni lemfucuza, kuyadingeka ukuthi kugcinwe amarekhodi futhi kulahlwe. Leli qembu lihlanganisa imikhiqizo eyenziwe mercury, esindayo compounds zamakhemikhali.
Ngodoti wezokwelapha nowemisebe, kunezigaba zawo ezinobungozi.
Ukulungiswa kwemibhalo
Lapho kwenziwa imibhalo yokusebenza ngenkunkuma, izidingo zomthetho wezwe kanye namazinga ezempilo nezokugula kufanele abhekwe. Umyalelo, olawula ukuphathwa kwemfucuza, kufanele ube kuwo wonke amabhizinisi anoma yiluphi uhlobo lobunikazi. Le dokhumenti iyadingeka ukubika nokuyigcwalisa kuziphathimandla eziqapha isimo semvelo. Inhloso enkulu yokufundiswa ukuhlela kahle umsebenzi ngemfucuza, ukuxhumanisa zonke izenzo zokugcina nokulahla kwazo. Futhi, lo mbhalo uchaza izimo zokusebenza zabasebenzi ababhekana nodoti kanye nodoti.
Ubani okhulayo nokuthi kanjani
Imiyalo yokulawulwa kwemfucuza ingadonswa ngabasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe bebhizinisi, noma kungenzeka uthinte inkampani ekhethekile yezemvelo eyenza imibhalo enjalo yezindawo zokukhiqiza. Uma kunesidingo, izibonelo zemiyalo zingatholakala ku-Intanethi noma ekuphathweni kohulumeni basekhaya, ezinhlakeni ezibandakanyeka ekuvikelweni kwemvelo.
Ukuba khona komyalelo olawula ukuphathwa kwemfucuza kuyadingeka kunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi. Lokhu kuzokwenza umsebenzi uphephe futhi usebenze kahle, futhi kuzophinde kube nomthelela ekulondolozweni kwemvelo.
