Incazelo nezici
Lesi sidalwa esinezimpaphe siyiqembu lonogolantethe, futhi ngokubukeka sifanelana ngokuphelele negama laso. Emva kwakho konke, le nyoni iboleke ezinye izici zokubonakala kogolantethe, ngakho-ke ngezindlela eziningi ifana naye nabanye abafowethu kusuka ku-oda ebekiwe.
Isiponji - isidalwa esinamaphiko esinemilenze emide nentamo enhle, sishaya ngobuqili baso nangomusa. Unamaphiko amahle. Ukuziphonsa ngokubabazekayo, kuba yinto engachazeki ngenkathi indiza.
Ngokuvamile le nyoni imane izulazule, igobise intamo yayo ngendlela ephawulekayo futhi yelule imilenze yayo, ibambe imisinga yomoya efudumele ekhuphukayo ngamaphiko ayo.
Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, ama-spoonbill anikezwe izici zawo ezihlukile ezenza ukuthi zinganqandeki nje kuphela, kepha zihluke, hhayi njengonogolantethe nezindwandwe, ezihlobene nazo, kanye ne-ibises, ezingamalungu omndeni wazo.
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-spoonbill kanye nama-congeners ngumlomo owandisiwe.
Uqhwaku olude lwalezi zinyoni lufana nezigaxa zikashukela ezimile, zibe banzi futhi zibhebhe ekugcineni.
Ekhanda, lezi zidalwa zinombala omhlophe, kwesinye isikhathi onombala ophuzi, isiqu sezimpaphe silenga ngemuva kwekhanda - umhlobiso wabantu abavuthiwe ngokocansi kuphela, abakhekile. Imilenze yalezi zidalwa imnyama (kwezinye izinhlobo - zibomvu), ifakwe ulwelwesi lokubhukuda.
Izimpaphe eziminyene isipuni ngokuyisisekelo inomthunzi omhlophe njengeqhwa. Le nyoni inekhanda elincane, umzimba omkhulu futhi oqinile ngokwedlulele, umsila omfushane, uqhwaku olumnyama, kokunye iba yiwolintshi ekugcineni.
Ngesikhathi semidlalo yothando, ibala le-ocher liyavela esilevini salezi zinyoni. Izidalwa ezinjalo zifinyelela imitha ubude, futhi isisindo sazo singafinyelela ku-2 kg.
Lezi zidalwa zenza imisindo njalo, kepha uma zenza kanjalo, ziye zifane nokugquma okungavumelani okwethusayo ngokukhala nokukhala ngezikhathi ezithile, kwesinye isikhathi kubukeka njengokuhhewula nokuduma.
Lalela izwi le-Spoonbill
Amathoni anjalo ezwi ngokuvamile ajwayelekile kubantu abadala, uma ethwalwa yizinkinga ezidlekeni zezingane zabo. Amachwane ngokwawo akhipha ukukhala, okukhombisa abazali babo ngesifiso sokudla. Isikhathi esisele, lezi zinyoni zikhetha ukuthula zingabangi umsindo ongadingekile.
Ububanzi balaba bameleli bezilwane ezinezimpaphe bukhulu. I-Spoonbill ihlala ezifundeni ezishisayo nakushisayo. Ezindaweni ezinjalo zeplanethi, izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane zivame ukutholakala, lapho kufanele khona kukhonjwe isipuni - isidalwa esinamaphiko esihlobisa kakhulu imvelo eshisayo. Lezi zidalwa zimila kahle e-Afrika nase-Asia.
Kodwa-ke, lezi zinyoni zitholakala nasezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esipholile ezisezindaweni zaseYurophu. Kepha ukusuka lapha, ngokuqala kwesimo sezulu esibandayo, bavame ukundiza ebusika baye ezifundeni ezifudumele: baye eMedithera noma e-Afrika.
Ngokuqondene neRussia, lapha lezi zinyoni zitholakala kuphela ezindaweni eziseningizimu: ezindaweni eziphansi zeVolga naseDon, kwezinye izindawo.
Izinhlobo
ERussia, yizinhlobo ezimbili kuphela zezinyoni ezinjalo ezaziwayo. Ngaphezu kwalokhu osekuchaziwe, uhlala endaweni yezwe lethu kuphela isipuni esincane, ngeshwa, esongelwa ngokuqothulwa. Lezi zidalwa zingahlukaniswa nokuzalwa ngezici ezithile.
Okokuqala, ubukhulu bazo ngokuvamile abudluli kumasentimitha angama-76. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye yesembozo sezimpaphe sekhanda, kanye nemilenze nomlomo, zimnyama kulezi zinyoni. Atholakala eKarelia. Kusuka emazweni angaphandle - kuvamile eChina, ubusika ezindaweni ezifudumele zase-Asia.
Ngaphezu kwalokhu, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezine zezipuni zomhlaba. Ahluke ngokubukeka nendawo yokuhlala. Ake sichaze ngokuningiliziwe ezimbili, ezidume kakhulu kuzo.
1. Isinkwa sesipuni - inyoni encane kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa nezihlobo zayo, ubukhulu bayo obulinganiselwa cishe ku-60 cm, futhi isisindo singaphezudlwana nje kwephawundi. Izidalwa ezinjalo zihlukaniswa ikakhulukazi ngombala wezinhle, kepha ikakhulukazi izimpaphe ezimnyama.
Umzimba wabo unsundu. Futhi ezinye izindawo ezingemuva, izimpiko nebunzi zikhanya ngombala onsomi noluhlaza okotshani.
I-spoonbill yeGlobe inezimpaphe ezikhanyayo
2. I-spoonbill ephinki phakathi kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinyoni ezinjalo kungabizwa ngokuthi okungavamile kakhulu nokungajwayelekile. Ngesinye isikhathi, izimpaphe zalezi zidalwa ezinamaphiko zazibiza ngaphezu kwegolide. Yingakho ukuqothulwa kwalaba bameleli bezilwane ezinamaphiko kweqe yonke imingcele efanelekile.
Kodwa izinyathelo ezithathiwe ukuvikela lezi zidalwa ezinhle zasiza ekulondolozeni izinyoni ezinjalo.
Bangabahlali bezwekazi laseMelika futhi bajwayelekile e-Argentina, eChile naseFlorida. Lezi zidalwa zinombala obomvu ocebile wezimpaphe esifubeni nasemaphikweni, emilenzeni ebomvu, ikhanda elimnyama noqhwaku. Kunezindawo ezithile ezingemuva kuphela ezimhlophe.
Esithombeni kukhona i-spoonbill ebomvana
Izinhlobo ezimbili ngaphezulu zezinhlobo ekhona emhlabeni azange kukhulunywe ngazo. Lesi yisipuni esikhanyayo esinezinhlamvu ezincane - ummeleli wezilwane ezinezimpaphe ezihlala ezwenikazi lase-Afrika. Okunye okuhlukile yi-spoonbill emnyama ekhokhiswa emnyama, ehlala ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene zase-Asia, nase-Australia naseziqhingini eziseduze.
Indlela yokuphila kanye nendawo yokuhlala
Ama-Spoonbill akhetha ukuhlala ezindaweni ezimanzi, hhayi kude namanzi anosawoti noma amnandi, akhethe izindawo ezigcwele izihlahla nezihlahlana, futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke - izindawo ezigcwele umhlanga.
Esikhathini esiningi, lezi zinyoni zitholakala ezindaweni ezingamaxhaphozi, emachibini, nasemifuleni ehamba kancane futhi enodaka phansi. Njengoba kubonakala, isipuni ithanda amanzi apholile nodaka. Futhi kuyaqondakala ukuthi kungani: ezindaweni ezinjalo kunokudla okuningi kakhulu kuye.
Cishe impilo yonke yalezi zidalwa, ngaphandle kokulala nokukhathazeka ngokuzala, ichithwa ekufuneni ukudla. Lapho zifuna ukudla, lezi zinyoni azipheli amandla. Ngosuku, zingahamba emanzini angajulile, lapho zivame ukuzingela khona, ebangeni elingaphezu kwamakhilomitha ayishumi.
Isimo sezulu esibi noma imvula enamandla akusona isithiyo kubo. Lezi zidalwa ezinenkani zikhuthele ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokondla amaphuphu. Ngempela, ngalesi sikhathi akufanele banakekele isisu sabo kuphela, kepha futhi bondla inzalo yabo enganeliseki.
Ukuhlangana emhlambini, ama-spoonbill ayakwazi ukuhamba, ukufuduka, amabanga amade emoyeni. Lapha sesivele sikhuluma ngokuzulazula ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka, futhi i-akhawunti ayenzelwanga amashumi, kepha okuningi kakhulu: ngamakhulu ezinkulungwane zamakhilomitha. Lapho zindiza, izinyoni ziklelisa emoyeni kuma-wedge, ukwakheka kwawo okufana nohlamvu V.
Ngesikhathi esivumayo sonyaka (imvamisa entwasahlobo) kulaba bameleli bezilwane ezinamaphiko, inkathi yokuzalanisa iyaqala. Ukusetha ukukhulisa inzalo, kwesinye isikhathi lezi zinyoni zakha amakoloni wonke.
Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukuminyana kwabantu bezinhlobo ezinjalo endaweni ethile kuphakeme kakhulu. Kulokhu, kwenzeka ukuthi izidleke zalezi zidalwa zisondele kakhulu kangangokuba zakha iziqhingana eziphelele, ezicishe zikhuphuke esinye phezu kwesinye.
Kepha uma kukhona ama-spoonbill ambalwa kulezi zindawo, khona-ke izidleke zazo zisakazeka ezindaweni ezisekude kakhulu. Izakhiwo zabo zokukhulisa inzalo zilula futhi azithobeki, imvamisa kuba amaqabunga omhlanga abunile noma amagatsha omhlanga anqwabelene enqwabeni.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ukudla kwalezi zinyoni ezidla inyama kubanzi kakhulu. Eqinisweni, badla ngokoqobo noma yini engena emlonyeni wabo. Futhi imenyu incike esifundeni lapho bahlala khona, indawo yokuzingela ekhethiwe, kanye nesikhathi sonyaka.
Izinyoni ezinjalo zikhetha ukuthola ukudla kwazo hhayi emini, kepha kungcono kusihlwa, zisebenzisa ndawo ndawo emanzini angajulile.
Babamba amaxoxo amancane, bafune onoshobishobi, bazame ukubamba inhlanzi engesiyo enkulu ngosayizi. Izinyoni ezinjalo nazo zithola izikelemu, ama-crustaceans, futhi azikwenqeni ukudla ama-mollusk. Kepha kokunye, ngokushoda kokunye ukudla, baneliseka nge-algae nje.
Ama-Spoonbill azingela ngendlela ehlukile, ebeka uqhwaku oluvulekile uhhafu emanzini. Zibahola zisuka kolunye uhlangothi ziye kolunye, zihambisa le ngxenye yomzimba wazo sengathi zigunda utshani obujwayelekile edlelweni. Ngakho-ke, baphumputha inyamazane.
Uqhwaku lwawo, olunama-tubercles nobukhulu, lunikezwe inani elikhulu leziphetho zezinzwa ezizwelayo.
Konke lokhu kusebenza njengomshini wezinzwa onobuhlakani okwazi ukuthola emanzini lokho okungabonwa ngezinye izinzwa, okungukuthi, izinto ezingafunwa. Ngendlela eyinqaba, ephawuleka kakhulu yokuzingela, izinyoni ezinjalo zanikezwa igama lesidlaliso elifanele phakathi kwabantu: ama-mowers. Umlomo ongavamile walezi zidalwa ubonakala kahle Ama-Spoonbill esithombeni.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ngesikhathi sokukhwelana, esivame ukuhlala kusuka ngo-Ephreli endaweni ethile kuya kuJuni (ezifundeni eziseningizimu kuqala kusenesikhathi), isigaxa sabalingani siqhakaza ngokumema, sihehe abesifazane. Futhi ukuqomisana kwezinyoni kuqukethe ukuhlanzelana izimpaphe zomunye nomunye.
Izinyoni zidleke eduze kwamanzi noma ngisho nasemanzini (kwezinye izimo, ama-spoonbill afuna izihlenga ezintantayo ukukhulisa inzalo). Zingabuye zihlale phansi zilindele amatshwele azayo ezihlahleni noma ezihlahleni, ngisho nasemhlabathini nje, kuyilapho izingosi zivame ukukhethwa exhaphozini bese zicasha ngaphansi komhlonyane wotshani obudala.
Kwezinye izimo, ama-spoonbill ayakwazi ukuhlala ezindlekweni zezinye izinyoni, ngokwesibonelo, ama-pelican. Kepha abamele abachaziwe bezilwane zamasayithi akhethiwe bazama ukungavumeli noma ngubani, ngobudlova bavikela izintshisekelo zenzalo yesikhathi esizayo nendawo okuhlala kuyo ehlosiwe.
Isidleke se-Spoonbill esinamachwane
Amaqanda ayashintshaniswa, isibalo saso singafinyelela ezingcezwini ezinhlanu, ama-parterres ayashintshana. Umbala wazo uvame ukuba mhlophe, futhi ingemuva elijwayelekile limakwe ngamabala ansundu. Futhi ngemuva kwamasonto amathathu, kwesinye isikhathi amasonto amane (imvamisa, kudlula izinsuku ezingaba ngu-25 kusukela ekuqaleni kokufukamela), amatshwele amahle alindelwe isikhathi eside ambozwe umchamo omhlophe avela esidlekeni.
Ekuqaleni, bondliwa ngokudla okugaywe ngabazali babo. Bayithola ngendlela eyinqayizivele: ngokufaka umlomo wabo emlonyeni kanina noma kayise.
Cishe cishe inyanga, amawundlu akhula kakhulu aze ashiye isidleke, azijwayeze ukuzimela, futhi asevele elwela ukungasebenzisi izinsizakalo zabazali abanakekelayo. Kuyiqiniso, ekuqaleni, uma kungenzeka, basazama ukuhlala eduze kwamakhaya abo.
Ichwane lesipuni
Ngezikhathi ezinjalo zokuvuthwa, bakha amaqembu, amalungu awo ahlala eduze nezindawo ezithile zokudla. Kusuka emibuthanweni enjalo yamatshwele asakhula kamuva (cishe inyanga), kwakhiwa imihlambi yezilwane ezisencane ezikhetha ukuhlala ngokuhlukile kubamele isizukulwane esinolwazi oluningi.
Ama-Spoonbill aphila kakhulu uma eqhathaniswa nezinye izinyoni. Iminyaka yobudala ebekiwe yalaba bameleli bezilwane ezinamaphiko ingaphezu nje kweminyaka engama-28. Kepha isikhathi esibonisiwe singenzeka ngokufanele kuphela, ngoba ukuba khona kwalezi zinyoni kugcwele izingozi ezimbi nezingozi.
Njengoba ungaphetha kulokho okubhaliwe, lezi yizinyoni ezingajwayelekile ngempela, futhi ukuphela kwabamele umndeni wezinambuzane ezihlala endaweni yezwekazi laseYurophu. Igama lezinyoni ezinjalo ligxile ngokuqinile empilweni yethu ukuthi livame ukuzwakala empilweni yansuku zonke.
Isibonelo, ibizwa ngokuthiIsiponjiยป Shakhovskoy isikhungo sokuvuselela. Lesi sikhungo, esisendaweni yaseMoscow, sisiza abantu. Futhi kuyadabukisa uma ukuziphatha okungenangqondo komuntu kuba yisizathu sokunyamalala kwalezi zidalwa ezinhle ezinamaphiko ebusweni bomhlaba.
