Insimu eyingqayizivele itholakala eNyakatho yeCaucasus, efaka indawo endala yemvelo evikelekile nezitshalo nezilwane ezimangalisayo. ICaucasian Reserve ineminyango eyisithupha: iNtshonalanga, iSouthern, iNyakatho, iMpumalanga, iKhostinsky kanye neSouth-Eastern. Kule ndawo, izindawo ezihlukene zezulu zihlanganiswe ngobuciko, okuyilezi: isimo sezulu esishisayo nesifudumele. Ummango oyinhloko wesifunda yinhliziyo yawo. Inwebeka ngamakhulu amakhilomitha futhi inokuphakama okuphezulu kwamamitha ayi-3345 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle. Inani eliphakeme eliyingqayizivele libizwa ngeTsakhvoa.
Izici ezijwayelekile zesiqiwi
Indawo yaseCaucasus ingabizwa ngokuphepha ngokuthi esinye isimangaliso semvelo. Ensimini yayo kukhona inani elikhulu emihumeni kanye izinguzunga zeqhwa. Ukuziqhenya kwale ndawo kuyimihume ye-karst - izikhala ngaphansi komhlaba, eziya ngokuya zanda ngenxa yokuvuza kwamatshe ancibilikayo. Cishe i-2% yendawo ephelele yesiqiwu ihlala imifula namachibi. Izinsizakusebenza zamanzi zicebile ngezinto eziphilayo futhi ziyahlaba umxhwele ngobuhle bazo nokuhluka kwazo. Imifula eshesha kakhulu futhi engagijimi kakhulu iSochi, Shakhe, Belaya Zakan neMzymta.
Indawo egcinwe eNyakatho Caucasus yasungulwa ngo-1924. Ngemuva kweminyaka engama-55, abamele i-UNESCO banquma ukufaka le ndawo ohlwini lwezinto eziphilayo. Namuhla le reserve ithathwa njengendawo yokugcina ucwaningo. Ngaphezu kokuvikelwa kwezitshalo nezilwane ezingavamile, kanye nokulondolozwa kwezinhlobo zabamele basendulo bezimila nezilwane, imisebenzi yesayensi yenziwa ngenkuthalo endaweni yayo. Izindawo ezihlukile zivumela ososayensi ukuthi bathole amaqiniso amasha ngokuvela kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene.
Indawo ebekelwe abaseCaucasia ebalazweni
Izimbali nezilwane
Izimbali nezilwane zesiqiwu iCaucasus Reserve zicebile futhi zihlukahlukene. Zingaphezu kuka-3000 izinhlobo zezitshalo ezikhula kule nsimu, phakathi kwazo okungu-165 kukhona izihlahla nezihlahlana, ezimelwe yizinhlobo eziyi-142 ezinamakhasi, eziyi-16 - ezihlala ziluhlaza futhi zinamakhasi, kanye nama-7 - ama-conifers.
Ummeleli ovame kakhulu wezimbali, otholakala kaningi endaweni yesiqiwi, yi-berry yew. Isikhathi sokuphila sezihlahla sifinyelela eminyakeni engama-2500, ububanzi bufinyelela kumamitha ayi-4. Ngeshwa, amagxolo, imbewu, izinaliti, amajikijolo ngisho nezinkuni zinoshevu.
Berry yew
Ensimini yesigcini ungathola izitshalo eziqhakazayo ezibalwe kuRed Book. Sekukonke, kunezinhlobo ezingaba ngu-55 zezitshalo ezingandile noma ezisengozini yokuqothuka. Le ndawo icebile ezitshalweni zomndeni wama-heather, kanye namakhowe, okunezinhlobonhlobo ezingama-720. Phakathi kwazo kukhona izibonelo ezi-mesmerizing ngempela, abamele abahlukile bezindawo ezishisayo nezisendaweni eshisayo.
Namuhla lezi zilwane ezilandelayo zihlala eCaucasus Reserve: izinhlobo ezingama-89 zezilwane ezincelisayo, ama-248 - izinyoni, ama-21 - izinhlanzi, ama-15 - izilwane ezihuquzelayo, ama-9 - ama-amphibians, kanye nama-cyclostomes, inani elikhulu lama-mollusk nezinambuzane ezingaphezu kuka-10 000.
Abamele abakhulu kakhulu
Abamele abakhulu bezilwane yizinyathi, izinyamazane ezibomvu, amabhere ansundu, izinyamazane zaseYurophu, i-lynx ne-chamois. I-bison bonasus ithokozela ukunakekelwa okukhethekile okuvela kubavakashi nezisebenzi ezigcinwayo, ngoba kukholelwa ukuthi ipaki lenziwa ngokukhethekile ukuze livikeleke. Izilwane ezingajwayelekile azivamile ukubonwa izivakashi, ngoba zihlukaniswa ngokuqapha kwazo nokuqapha. Abantu abakhulu bazama ukugwema abantu.
Inyathi
Izinyamazane ezinhle
Ibhere elinsundu
I-European roe deer
I-Lynx
AmaChamois
Ngasikhathi sinye, abantu abadlulayo nama-falconiformes bavame ukutholakala esiqiwini. Ama-Peregrine falcons, ama-grouse amnyama aseCaucasus, ama-griffon vultures athathwa njengabamele izinyoni.
I-Peregrine falcon
I-grouse emnyama yaseCaucasus
Inqe likaGriffon
IHerpetofauna imelwe yi-newt yase-Asia Minor, isiphambano saseCaucasus kanye nenyoka kaKaznakov.
