Le nhlanzi isithunzi sayo singcoliswe ngokungenathemba yi-cinema. Izindaba ezethusayo zisho ukoma kwakhe okumnandi kwegazi. Amahlebezi athi isikole salezi zinhlanzi singabhekana nesidumbu senyathi ngokuphazima kweso. Singathini ngomuntu. Kepha umuntu uvame ukukitaza izinzwa. Akesabi ukuthi ngolimi lwendawo "piranha" lisho "inhlanzi embi". Futhi manje indoda isivele ikhulisa umhlali onolaka emanzini e-Amazon endaweni yakhe yasolwandle.
UPiranha wajoyina izinhlanzi ze-aquarium maphakathi nekhulu lama-20. Akekho okwamanje oye wangena emgodini wezinhlanzi ezidla kakhulu emanzini angenasawoti.
Izici ze-piranha
UPiranha ungowomndeni weharatsovyh, iqembu lezinqola. Kutholakala emanzini amasha aseNingizimu Melika... Inezinhlobo eziningi nama-subspecies, okuvame kakhulu futhi okudumile okuyi-piranha ejwayelekile, nayo enamabhande abomvu.
IPiranha ayikwazi ukuziqhayisa ngemininingwane evelele yangaphandle - nosayizi omkhulu, noma imibala exotic. Futhi kungadlula inhlanzi engabonakali, uma kungenjalo ngedumela layo, okuqinisekiswa ukwakheka kwemihlathi. Umlomo omkhulu, imisipha yomhlathi enamandla, amazinyo acijile acijile agobile emuva emuva, kanye nomhlathi ophansi ovelele kuyisikhali sokubulala esinokwethenjelwa nezindlela zokuphila endle.
Kuyathakazelisa! IPiranha ithola ukugcwala kwayo okuphezulu kombala ngesikhathi sokuthomba. Endaweni yayo yemvelo, ubude be-piranha abuvamile ukudlula u-30 cm, ku-aquarium - 20 cm.
Indlela yokuphila yokuthanda ukuhlala yipiranha ingenxa yamaqhinga okuhlasela isisulu - sonke esixukwini. Ukudla ngayinye, ngokuhlangene lezi zinhlanzi ziyesabeka futhi azinasihawu. Futhi yingakho-ke kumangalisa ukubona ukuziphatha kwabo okwesabekayo ezimweni ze-aquarium. Ngokuhamba okungazelelwe ngenkathi kubanjwa noma kuthuthwa, le nhlanzi ilala phansi ngaso leso sikhathi phansi kwe-aquarium.
Izinhlobo zepiranha
Ngokugcina ezimeni ze-aquarium, i-piranha / i-piranha ejwayelekile enebhande elibomvu ivame ukukhethwa. Kepha ohlwini lwama-aquarium hits, kunezinhlobo eziyisithupha ze-piranha.
- I-Lunar / Metinnis.
- Ubunzima.
- Okuncane.
- I-pacu ebomvu ebomvu.
- Hlaba umkhosi.
- Miley red fin / mileus inyanga.
Izici zezinhlobo
- I-Mileus-moon noma imayela elibomvu eliboshwe - uhlobo lwe-piranha ye-herbivorous. Ungomunye wabahle kakhulu. Ezinganakekeli ekunakekelweni nasekugcinweni, lolu hlobo lufaneleka kakhulu kuma-aquarists angenalwazi.
- I-pacu ebomvu - ikhula ngokushesha futhi inganeliseka ngokudla kwezitshalo, ngaphandle kwesikhathi sokuzala. Akuyona ingozi, njengoba ingenawo amazinyo abukhali.
- I-Metinnis ejwayelekile noma inyanga, noma inhlanzi yesibuko inedumela lokuba yi-piranha enobungane.
- Ama-piranhas amancane kanye nefulegi - Kunconyelwe ama-novice aquarists, ngoba ayakwazi ukumelana namaphutha amancane ekunakekelweni nasekugcinweni, futhi awabonwa nangolaka olukhulayo.
I-piranha encane - kudinga indlela enekhono ne-aquarist enolwazi.
Ukuthenga ipiranha - amathiphu, izindleko
IPiranha iyinhlanzi yase-aquarium engajwayelekile futhi ebizayo, ngakho-ke ochwepheshe abeluleki ukuthi kuthengwe lokhu okungajwayelekile ekudleni komgwaqo. Okuncamelayo okwenzelwe izitolo ezikhethekile nama-aquarists athembekile.
Uma uthenga umuntu obukeka enempilo ngokuphelele, kuzofanele ukuthi abekwe endaweni egcina izilwane ngokuhlukaniswa isikhathi esingangesonto. Kungemva kwalokho kuphela, uma inhlanzi ingakhombisi izimpawu ezethusayo, ingadluliselwa endaweni ehlala njalo.
Okubalulekile! Lapho ukhetha inhlanzi oyithengayo, kufanele uqaphele ukusebenza kwayo, uhlole ukubukeka kwayo ngokungabi bikho kwamaqhubu angajwayelekile kanye nokuqhuma emzimbeni, izilonda, okunamathelayo, uqweqwe olunamafu, nokulimala esikalini. Izinhlanzi kufanele zibe nesifiso sokudla, ikakhulukazi lezo ezinjenge-piranha. Yiba nomdlandla futhi ungabi nokuxhumanisa kokukhubazeka kokuhamba.
Ngakho-ke, ukuze uhlolisise isimo ngesimo sokuthenga, inqubo yokutholwa kufanele ihambisane nokuzithwebula. Uma ilethwa ngeposi, akunakwenzeka ukuhlola impilo yesilwane noma ukubona imibandela yokugcinwa kwaso lapho kuthengiswa khona.
Izindleko zepiranha zincike ezinhlotsheni nakubudala. Imvamisa, umuntu oyedwa ubiza ama-ruble ayi-1,500 - 3,000. Ama-specimens angavamile kuphela abiza kakhulu. Kulezi zimo, intengo ingafinyelela kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane eziningana ngenhlanzi esencane kakhulu.
Idivayisi ye-Aquarium, imishini
Ukuze kulondolozwe ngempumelelo i-piranha, udinga ukucabanga ngezici zayo zebhayoloji futhi, ngokusho kwayo, uyihlinzeka ngezimo zokuphila ezintofontofo.
- I-aquarium evulekile.
Ukuhanjiswa kubalwa ngokususelwa kokujwayelekile - amalitha ayi-10 wamanzi kuwo wonke ama-3 cm obude bomzimba wezinhlanzi. Kuvela ukuthi kubantu ababili kudingeka i-aquarium engu-150 litre, umhlambi wama-piranhas ama-5-8 amancane - ilitha elingu-200. Enkampanini yabantu abadala, i-aquarium yamalitha angama-300-500 isivele iyathandeka.
Lesi akusona isifiso futhi akuyona into yokunethezeka, kepha isidingo esiphuthumayo esibangelwa isimo esinolaka sale nhlanzi. Isikhala esincane i-piranha esinaso, siyathukuthela. - Inani elikhulu lezindawo zokukhosela.
Ngaso sonke isihluku sayo, i-piranha iyinhlanzi enamahloni. Udinga izindawo ezicashile - izinkuni ezikhukhulwayo, izindlu, imihume, amatshe, lapho angacasha khona uma kwenzeka engcupheni noma engozini yangempela.
Kuyadingeka ku-aquarium nezitshalo - bukhoma noma okufakelwayo. Zivame ukutshalwa ziminyene futhi zijikeleze yonke ipherimitha.
Izindawo zokuhlala nezitshalo zihlala ku-2/3 wevolumu ephelele yethangi lepiranha. - Isihlungi esinamandla.
Ngenxa ye-voracity yabo, ipiranha ikhiqiza imfucuza eminingi. Ukuze uvimbele ekuqongeleleni emanzini hhayi ekufakeni ubuthi, kudingeka isihlungi esinamandla. - I-compressor enhle.
IPiranha idinga amanzi ahlanzekile, anomoya-mpilo ukuze ikhululeke. I-compressor ethembekile ibalulekile. - Isifudumezi samanzi ne-thermometer.
UPiranha ungumhlali wamazwe afudumele namanzi afudumele. Ukhululekile kuphela lapho amanzi enokushisa okungenani ama-degree angama-23. Uma ufuna le nhlanzi icabange ngokuzala, khona-ke izinga lokushisa kufanele lenziwe lifudumele - ama-26 degrees.
Ukugcina ama-piranhas kuwumsebenzi wesikhathi eside. Isikhathi sempilo sale nhlanzi kuma-aquariums yiminyaka eyi-10 noma ngaphezulu, ngakho-ke konke kufanele kwenziwe ngendlela efanele futhi isikhathi eside. Ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nombuso wezinga lokushisa kuholela ekusebenzeni okungahambi kahle kwamasosha omzimba nawomzimba we-piranha. Angagula afe.
Yini ongayondla ama-piranhas
AmaPiranhas awadli ngokudla, kepha lokhu akusho ukuthi angaphakelwa nganoma yini. Kunemithetho nemikhawulo. Okokuqala, kufanele unqume ukuthi iyiphi i-piranha onayo - edla inyama noma yemifino.
Ukondla, udinga ukwaba indawo encane evulekile ku-aquarium. Futhi gcina umkhuba wokudla - kanye ngosuku, imizuzu emibili. Uma kungekho kudla okulandiwe ngalesi sikhathi, izinsalela kufanele zisuswe ku-aquarium ngokushesha. Lokhu kwenziwa ngenhloso yokuvimbela ukungcoliswa kwamanzi, ngoba ubuhlakani be-piranha buyaziwa: ayikuthathi ukudla kusuka phansi kwe-aquarium.
Kuyathakazelisa! IPiranha ayinaki okuphakelayo okuncane kakhulu. Ubukhulu bayo kufanele bube ngokulingana nemihlathi yabo.
IPiranhas ithanda okuhlukahlukene... Ukuze ubanikeze, kuzodingeka ubeke izinhlobonhlobo zokudla: izinhlanzi ezincane zasolwandle, imfanzi encane, inyama ye-squid, izikelemu zomhlaba, izikelemu zegazi, onoshobishobi, amaxoxo, imifino emisha - i-zucchini, amazambane, isipinashi, izaqathe.
Ngokuqondene nenyama yezilwane ezincelisayo, ngakho-ke, ngenxa yokudla kwayo okweqile, i-piranha izoyidla, kepha ochwepheshe abakutusi ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lokudla ngezizathu ezintathu.
- Inala yenyama ekudleni iholela ekutheni ukukhuluphala kwezinhlanzi.
- Ukugaya kuyaphazamiseka futhi umbala wenhlanzi ulahlekile.
- Amanzi ase-aquarium angcolile.
I-piranha enempilo inesifiso esihle... Udla inqwaba yokudla okulingana nesisindo sakhe ngosuku.
Ngezikhathi ezithile - izikhathi ezingu-2-4 ngenyanga, i-piranha edlayo idinga ukuhlela izinsuku zokuzila ukudla - zemifino, ukuze ingatholi amafutha.
Kuyathakazelisa! Zonga isikhathi futhi zizibonakalise kahle ngokudla okwomile kwepiranha. Banokwakheka okulinganiselayo, kukhona amavithamini namaminerali adingekayo ezinhlanzi.
Ukunakekelwa nenhlanzeko, izinyathelo zokuqapha
AmaPiranhas awasindi ekushiyekeni. Kepha kunezinto ezi-3 okuzodingeka ukuthi zenziwe yi-aquarist njalo uma ifuna izidlakela zayo zibe nempilo futhi zijabule.
- Bheka ubumsulwa bamanzi.
- Ngalokhu, i-10% yevolumu ephelele ku-aquarium ithathelwa indawo kanye ngesonto. Ushintsho lwamanzi lwenziwa ngokushelela ukuvimbela ushintsho olungazelelwe ezimweni zokuba khona kwezinhlanzi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izilwane ezidla igazi zingaba nengcindezi.
- Bheka ukwakheka kwamanzi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwamanzi njalo kubalulekile. I-ammonia yamanzi ilinganiswa izikhathi ezingu-1-2 ngesonto. Inkomba ye-asidi kufanele ibe ngu-6 - 7, ubulukhuni - 6-15.
- Bheka izinga lokushisa kwamanzi.
- Ukuhlala isikhathi eside emanzini abandayo kungabulala ama-piranhas. Izinga lokushisa kwamanzi yi-25-27 degrees.
Kunombandela owodwa obalulekile we-piranha - inkampani. Le yinhlanzi yokufunda isikole. Azizwa eyedwa. Ngaphandle kwephakeji, wesaba ngokweqile futhi angakhuli kahle.
Okubalulekile! Ochwepheshe bacebisa ukuqala ukugcwalisa i-aquarium enezinhlanzi ezi-3-5, zobudala nobukhulu obufanayo - ukuze ezinkulu zingazidli ezincane, ziziphathe njengokudla.
Naphezu kwemithetho elula yokunakekelwa nokugcinwa kwama-piranhas, umuntu akufanele akhohlwe ukuthi lezi yizilwane ezidlayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlanzi zamanzi angenasawoti ezinolaka kakhulu nezomele igazi ezihlala eMhlabeni.
Kunezinyathelo ezi-4 ezibalulekile okufanele uzithathe lapho ugcina ama-piranha ekhaya
- I-piranha aquarium akufanele ibekwe phansi, ikakhulukazi uma kunezingane ezincane endlini.
- Lapho uphatha i-aquarium ngezandla ezingenalutho, kubalulekile ukuthi isikhumba singabi namanxeba nokusikeka.
- Awukwazi ukukhonkxa umhlambi wama-piranhas. Lokhu kubenza babe nolaka.
- Ama-piranha anolaka futhi ayingozi kakhulu ngesikhathi sokuzala. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele uqhubeke ngokunakekela okukhulu usebenzisa amanetha wocingo athambile anezibambo ezinde.
Ukuhambisana nezinye izinhlanzi
UPiranhas uncamela inkampani yakhe. Ochwepheshe bacebisa ukuthi kugcwaliswe uhlobo olulodwa lwe-piranha, lobudala nobukhulu obufanayo, ku-aquarium eyodwa. Ngaphandle kwalokho, izingxabano nokudla abantu ngeke kugwenywe. Ngisho nasemhlambini owodwa wama- "congeners" ama-piranas ahlala enomholi ogijima yonke into futhi "ogcina" i-aquarium.
Kuzothakazelisa futhi:
- Ingwe enamabala eublefap
- I-chameleon iyisifihla esihle kunazo zonke
- I-Caracal noma i-steppe lynx
Ukhudlwana, unamandla, unolaka kakhulu kunabanye. Udla kuqala, athathe izindawo ezinhle kakhulu e-aquarium futhi akhombise ngakho konke ukubukeka kwakhe ukuthi ngubani umphathi.
Uma ufuna ngempela ukufaka umuntu ku-aquarium nenkampani yama-piranhas, ochwepheshe batusa ngokucophelela i-pacu emnyama emnyama engakafiki ebusheni, kanye ne-catfish yegobolondo. Kunemibono ezokwenziwa yizingane, imidlwane kanye nezinkemba.
Ezempilo, izifo nokuvikela
Izinkinga ezinkulu zezempilo kuma-piranhas, njengezinye izinhlanzi zase-aquarium, zivela ezimweni zokuphila ezingafanele - amanzi ampofu, i-aquarium eminyene kanye nomakhelwane onolaka. IPiranha ihlukaniswa ngokuvuselelwa okusebenzayo kwesikhumba namaphiko. Uma konakele, bayakwazi ukululama kahle.
Izimpawu ezethusayo ziyancipha ekusebenzeni kwezinhlanzi, ukwephulwa kwekhava yazo, izilonda nokwenqaba ukondla. Kulokhu, into yokuqala okufanele yenziwe ukuhlola ukushisa kwamanzi nokwakheka kwawo - i-NH4, NO2, NO3. Uma izinkomba ziphakeme kakhulu, zibuyise zibuyele kokujwayelekile, hlola futhi uhlanze izihlungi, wandise umoya opholile wamanzi, ubeke amanye amanzi ngamanzi amasha.
Ukuzala ekhaya
AmaPiranhas avuthwa ngokocansi eminyakeni emi-2-3. Futhi uma ngaphambi kwalokho umhlambi ugcinene ndawonye, manje izingxabano nokuhlukana ngababili kuqala ngaphakathi kuwo. Kufa abantu abancane nabanamandla kulo mzabalazo wokuncintisana. Ukugwema ukulahleka kule minyaka, ama-aquarist anolwazi ahlala abesilisa nabesifazane ezindaweni zasemanzini "zobulili obufanayo".
Okubalulekile! Ku-piranhas, ukuhlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane, udinga ukuzama. Abesilisa bayakhanya futhi bansundu kunabesifazane. Futhi umzimba wabesifazane uyisiyingi ngaphambi kokuzala. Abesilisa bazacile, abanamaqanda esiswini.
Kudingeka i-aquarium ekhethekile yokuzalela ukuzalanisa izinhlanzi. Lesi "sibhedlela sokubelethisa izinhlanzi" kumele sihlangabezane nazo zonke izimo zokuzalisa ama-piranhas.
- Yiba nosayizi owenele - amalitha ayi-150 ngababili.
- Amanzi kufanele afudumele ngama-2-3 degrees kunokujwayelekile, okungukuthi, ama-27-29 degrees.
- Ukushintshwa kwansuku zonke kwama-25% wevolumu yamanzi.
- I-aeration esebenzayo yamanzi.
- Isendlalelo senhlabathi encane yamatshe, u-5 cm ubukhulu, ezansi kwe-aquarium - kuyo ama-piranhas azokwakha izidleke ze-caviar.
- Umsoco wezinhlanzi othuthukisiwe.
Ngokuzala, izinhlanzi ezijwayelene komunye nomunye zikhethiwe, esevele "zenze abangane". Indoda iyalungisa isidleke. Uyayivikela inzalo yakhe, amvikele ngonya kukho konke okuhambayo.
Umsebenzi wowesifazane ukushanela amaqanda esidlekeni esilungisiwe. Ukuze wenze lokhu, umi ecishe ame phambi kwakhe bese eqala ukukhiqiza amaqanda ngezingxenye - amaqanda angamawolintshi angama-200-300. Sekukonke, ngesikhathi sokuzala, owesifazane onempilo uyakwazi ukunikeza umhlaba amaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-2-3. Ngosuku lwesithathu, izibungu zivela emaqandeni, bese kuthi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezintathu izibungu ziphenduke gazinga.
Ukunakekela gazinga
Amafry ahanjiswa e-aquarium "yezingane". Lokhu kwenziwa ngenetha eliphethwe isikhathi eside, ukugwema ukuxhumana nomzali onolaka. Amafryi adla kahle. Okokuqala, banikezwa ama-cyclops, ama-brine shrimp kanye neshubhu eqoshiwe. Lokhu kwenziwa izikhathi ezimbili ngosuku. Ezinyangeni ezintathu, gazinga lidluliselwa ekudleni kwabantu abadala okubandakanya inyama.
Okubalulekile! Inala yokudla kwamaprotheni ekudleni kwe-piranha gazinga igcwele ukukhula kokuzala. Ngakho-ke, imenyu yabo kufanele ibe nekota yenyama kuphela.
Amafry akhula ngokushesha. Lapho unenyanga eyodwa, ngokudla okuhle, okunomsoco, asevele enomzimba ongu-2 cm ubude.
