Akuzona zonke izinhlanzi ezikhanyayo zase-aquarium ezinikezwe ukukhanya okukhangayo ngentando yemvelo. Ezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi zanamuhla ze-firefly zisetshenziswe kanzima yizakhi zofuzo zase-Asia.
Kungani izinhlanzi zikhanya
Izinhlanzi zigqanyiswe ngaphakathi kuhlobo lwePacific jellyfish "olufakwe" ku-DNA yazo, enesibopho sokukhishwa kweprotheni eluhlaza okotshani. Ukuhlolwa bekunamgomo oqinile wesayensi: lezi zihloko zaba yizinkomba zokungcola kwamanzi, zisabela ngoshintsho kumbala kubuthi obungaphandle.
Izazi zebhayoloji zabelana ngemiphumela yokuhlolwa okuyimpumelelo esithangamini sezesayensi, okukhombisa isithombe senhlanzi eluhlaza okotshani, ehehe ukunakwa kwenkampani ethengisa izinhlanzi zasemanzini. Ososayensi bavele bayalwa ukuba bazale abantu abanombala ohlukile, abakwenzayo, banikeza i-zebrafish rerio uhla lwasolwandle lwama-coral, olubanikeza umbala obomvu.... Ukukhanya okuphuzi kungenxa yokuhlangana kwezakhi zofuzo ezimbili - i-jellyfish ne-coral.
Inyunyana yesayensi nezentengiselwano yathweswa umqhele ngenkontileka nokwakhiwa komkhiqizo weGloFish (kusuka ekukhanyeni - "okukhanyayo" nenhlanzi - "inhlanzi"), okwaba yigama elinelungelo lobunikazi lezinhlanzi ze-transgenic fluorescent. Abakhiqizi babo abasemthethweni yiTaikong Corporation (Taiwan), enikezela ngemikhiqizo ebukhoma ngaphansi komkhiqizo weGloFish eMelika.
Futhi ngo-2011, inkampani yezinhlanzi ezicwebezelayo yagcwaliswa ngabafowethu ababomvu nabaluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezikhanyayo ze-aquarium
Inhlonipho yokuba "izimpukane" zokuqala ngaphansi kwamanzi yawela kwi-zebrafish (i-Brachydanio rerio) ne-Japanese medake noma i-rice fish (i-Oryzias javanicus). Zombili lezi zinhlobo zathola igama elisankondlo "Amaparele Ebusuku"... Manje zihlanganiswa nezinye izinhlobo ezinenhlanganisela ehlukile yezakhi zofuzo ze-jellyfish namakhorali: "Red Starfish", "Green Electricity", "Blue of the Cosmos", "Orange Ray" kanye "Purple of the Galaxy".
Ngemuva kuka-2012, okulandelayo kwengezwa ezinhlanzini esezivele zikhona:
- I-Sumatran barb (Puntius tetrazona);
- isikali (Pterophyllum scalare);
- ameva (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi);
- I-cichlid enemigqa emnyama (Amatitlania nigrofasciata).
Ososayensi bavumile ukuthi bekunzima kakhulu ukuthi basebenze nama-cichlids ngenxa yokuzala kwabo okunzima nomthamo omncane wamaqanda (uma kuqhathaniswa ne-zebrafish ne-medaka).
Kuyathakazelisa! Amafry athola amandla okukhanya kubazali bawo be-transgenic. Umphumela we-fluorescent uhambisana nayo yonke i-GloFish kusukela ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kuya ekufeni, ukuthola ukukhanya okukhulu njengoba bekhula.
Izici zokuqukethwe
Ngenxa yobulula obuyivelakancane beGloFish, banconyelwa ukugcinwa ngisho nangama-aquarists angenalwazi.
Ukuziphatha nokuzondla
Lezi zinhlanzi zihluke kakhulu ezihlotsheni zazo "zamahhala": zinosayizi ofanayo, imikhuba yokudla, ubude besikhathi nendlela yokuphila, ngaphandle kweminye imininingwane. Ngakho-ke, abanakho umehluko ohlukile wobulili ngenxa yombala ofanayo wabesilisa nabesifazane. Lezi zokugcina zihlukaniswa kuphela yimidwebo eyindilinga yesisu.
Izidalwa eziguqulwe izakhi zofuzo zidla ukudla okujwayelekile, kufaka phakathi okomile, okubandayo, imifino nokuphila (i-daphnia encane, imisundu yegazi, ne-koretra). I-GloFish inesimo sobungane: zihlala ngokuphelele nama-congeners, kanye nama-cockerels nama-lalius. Ukuphela kwethabo ngama-cichlids, alwela ukushwabadela "izimpukane" kungakhathalekile ukuthi zisuthi kangakanani.
I-aquarium nokukhanyisa
Izinhlanzi zeTransgenic azikhathaleli kangako ngosayizi we-aquarium: noma yisiphi, hhayi isitsha esijule kakhulu esinesivalo sizobafanela, lapho izitshalo zasemanzini zizoshintshana nezindawo zokubhukuda. Amanzi kufanele afudumele ngokwanele (+ 28 + 29 degrees), abe ne-acidity ebangeni le-6-7.5 nobulukhuni obucishe bube ngu-10.
Kuyathakazelisa! Izinhlanzi azikhiphi ukukhanya lapho zivezwa kuma-incandescent bulbs ajwayelekile. Amaprotheni, anikezwa imizimba yawo, azithola esemisebeni yamalambu e-ultraviolet naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Uma ufuna ukukhanya okuphezulu, kuzodingeka ukuthi uphonsa amalambu akhethekile aklanyelwe izinhlanzi ezishintshwe izakhi zofuzo. Udumo olukhulayo lweGloFish selugqugquzele abakhiqizi bezesekeli ze-aquarium ukuthi bakhiqize imihlobiso yokufakelwa nezitshalo ezinemibala ehambelana naleyo yenhlanzi.
Osomabhizinisi abavela eChina naseTaiwan baqhubekele phambili ngokukhipha, kanye nemihlobiso ecwebezelayo, ama-aquariums akhanyayo anokubhukuda okumibalabala kwe-GloFish.
UNeon
Inhlanzi yokuqala, ukukhazimula kwayo kwakunakekelwa kuphela ngokwemvelo, kubhekwa njenge-neon eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ehlala emithanjeni yase-Amazon.... Iphayona lenhlanzi ngo-1935 kwakungumFulentshi ogama lakhe lingu-Auguste Rabot ezingela izingwenya. Phakathi kokudla kwezingwenya osebeni loMfula i-Ucayali, umkhuhlane oshisayo wamlahla. Isikhathi eside wayesengozini yokuphila nokufa, kwathi lapho evuka, wafuna ukuphuza. Bamkhelela amanzi kwathi lapho uRabo wabona inhlanzi encane ekhanyayo.
Ngakho-ke owokuzalwa eNingizimu Melika, i-neon, wathuthela ezindaweni zasemanzini zabahlali basemadolobheni. INeon kunzima ukuyidida nezinye izinhlanzi zasemanzini.
Okubalulekile! Uphawu lwayo lokuhweba ngumugqa ogqamile we-fluorescent oluhlaza ohamba emzimbeni, kusukela esweni kuya emsileni. Umugqa wesilisa ucishe uqonde, insikazi igobile kancane enkabeni.
Bobabili abesilisa banesisu esimhlophe namaphiko asobala. Umngcele omhlophe obisi ubonakala emgodini.
Izinsana ezivuthiwe ngokobulili azinazwelo futhi zingamelana nokwehla kwamazinga okushisa kusuka ku- + 17 kuya ku- + 28 degrees, yize bezobonga kumnikazi ngamapharamitha amancane (+18 +23). Izinkinga zivame ukuvela lapho kuzaliswa ama-neon, ngakho-ke zilungiselela ngokucophelela ukuzala kwazo, zithole okungenani ingilazi ye-aquarium yamalitha ayi-10.
Ngo-1956, umhlaba wezwa ngobukhona be-neon ebomvu ehlala emachibini aseNingizimu Melika. Ihluka ngosayizi oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ikhula ize ifike ku-5 cm, futhi ngamandla womugqa obomvu, ohlanganisa cishe yonke ingxenye engezansi yomzimba.
Ama-neon abomvu eza ezweni lethu futhi aqala ukwanda ngo-1961. Ziqukethe ngendlela efanayo nezinsana ezijwayelekile, kepha zithola ubunzima obukhulu ekuzaleni. Ubuhle bazo zombili izinhlobo zama-neon kufaka ukuthula kwabo kanye nokukwazi ukuhlala ngaphandle kokuphikisana nezinye izivakashi ze-aquarium.
Gracilis nabanye
Ngaphezu kwe-neon ebomvu neluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-luster yemvelo ye-fluorescent ine:
- isibani se-tetra;
- i-costello noma i-neon green;
- ukhadinali;
- i-gracilis noma i-neon ebomvana.
I-Tetra Lantern, evela e-Amazon Basin, ibizwa kanjalo ngenxa yezici ezithile emzimbeni: igolide lihlobisa ukuphela kwe-caudal peduncle, futhi okubomvu kutholakala ngaphezu kweso.
I-Neon green (costello) ibizwa ngegama layo ngombala oluhlaza womnqumo wengxenye ephezulu yesikebhe. Ingxenye engezansi inombala okhanyayo ongasho lutho.
Ikhadinali (alba nubes) yaziwa ngama-aquarists ngamagama amaningi: i-zebrafish yaseChina, iminnow enhle kakhulu neon yamanga.
Kuyathakazelisa! AmaJuveniles (angafika ezinyangeni ezintathu ubudala) abonisa umugqa ocwebezelayo ocwebezelayo owela izinhlangothi zawo ngapha nangapha. Ngokuqala kokuzala, umugqa uyanyamalala.
I-Gracilis, i-aka erythrozonus, ihlukaniswa ngumzimba ohlanganisiwe oguquguqukayo, osika umugqa obomvu ogqamile okhanyayo... Iqala ngaphezu kweso bese iphelela khona lapho ekugcineni.
