Angaphezu kwama-550 amagama afakwe ohlwini lwezincwadi zezinyoni zaseSiberia. Kulezi, ezingama-360 zitholakala engxenyeni esentshonalanga yesifunda. Cishe i-200 yazo iseMpumalanga Siberia. Ngokuvamile, kunezinhlobo zezinyoni eziyi-820 eRussia. Kuvela ukuthi iSiberia ibhekisa iningi labo. Isikhathi sokuthi sazane.
Izimpahla zasolwandle eSiberia
I-loon emnyama yomqala
Yinyoni engu-3 kg enemilenze emide. Lezi zokugcina zinwebeke ngamasentimitha ayi-10-11. Intamo yenyoni nayo yinde, yize kungeyona i-swan. Ubude bomzimba onezimpiko ngamasentimitha angama-70. Iphiko lingamamitha ayi-1.2.
Umnyama omnyama izinyoni zaseSiberia ivelele phakathi kwabanye enombhalo ocacile. Imhlophe ngesizinda esimpunga noma esimnyama. Ayikho eminye imibala ezimpapheni ze-loon. Ukukhasa kwale nyoni kuzwakala kumnyama. Kungakho igama lohlobo. Okuphrintiwe kuqukethe imivimbo kanye nemigqa yokumakwa konxande. Lesi sakamuva siqhosha ngamaphiko. Imigqa ihlobisa intamo.
I-loon enentamo emhlophe
Iyehluka kumphimbo omnyama ngosayizi omncane nophawu olumhlophe entanyeni. Le nyoni inekhanda elikhulu ngokwengeziwe. Kodwa uqhwaku lwentamo emhlophe luncane kunolomqala onentamo emnyama.
I-loon enentamo emhlophe, njenge-loon enomphimbo omnyama, ayinakho ukufiphala kocansi. Abesilisa nabesifazane bezinhlobo zezilwane abahlukaniswa ngosayizi noma ngombala.
I-loon ekhokhiswa okumhlophe
Kuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwama-loon. Inyoni ifinyelela imitha ubude. Uqhwaku olulodwa lubalwa ngamasentimitha ayi-12. Amaphiko amaphiko ezinsiba anamasentimitha angu-130-155. Isisindo sesilwane sifinyelela kuma-6.5 kilograms.
Uqhwaku lwenyoni lumhlophe ngempela. Lokhu kungenxa ye- igama lezinyoni zaseSiberia... Kodwa-ke, amabele ezilwane, ngaphansi kwamaphiko, "umgexo" osentanyeni emnyama nawo umhlophe.
I-loon ekhokhisiwe emnyama
Ibizwa nangokuthi i-polar, ngoba ihlala enyakatho yeSiberia. Ngosayizi, i-loon ekhokhisiwe emnyama ingaphansi kancane kune-loon ekhokhiswa abamhlophe. Ubude benyoni bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-91. Abanye abantu banesisindo esingu-6.2 kilograms.
Izimpaphe zohlobo lwe-loon oluhlaza olumnyama zikhipha okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Imibala eyinhloko emnyama, empunga, emhlophe. Zakha iphethini yemidwebo ejwayelekile yama-loon.
I-loon enomphimbo obomvu
Kusatshalaliswe ezindaweni ezise-Arctic nase-circumpolar zaseSiberia. I-goiter yesilwane ayibomvu kangako, kunalokho, yethoni yezitini, enesilinganiso esimangalisayo sobunsundu.
I-loon enomqala obomvu ifakiwe kuhlu lwezinhlobo ezivikelwe, ezifakiwe hhayi kwiRed Book yaseRussia kuphela, kodwa naku-International Edition.
Izinyoni ezingama-Grebe zaseSiberia
Isikhovu esinezintambo ezibomvu
Ngaphandle ifana ne-loon, kepha intamo yenyoni ilula futhi yinde. Umbala we-apron ku-toadstool ubizwa ngokuthi ubomvu. Ekhanda lalowo onezimpaphe kunezimbambo ezimbili. Zitholakala njengezindlebe.
Le nyoni iphakathi nendawo ngosayizi ofinyelela kumasentimitha angama-35 ubude. Izimpaphe zinesisindo esingeqile kwama-500 amagremu. Ungabona i-grebe enentamo ebomvu emachibini we-taiga esenyakatho namahlathi asemahlathini aseSiberia.
Isikhumba sesikhumba esinezintambo ezimnyama
Incane futhi inomusa kakhulu kunesihlalo esinezintambo ezibomvu. Ubude bomzimba wezimpaphe abweqi kumasentimitha angama-32. Imvamisa kuba ngamasentimitha angama-27. Isisindo senyoni esimaphakathi ngama-280 amagremu.
Ungahlangana nesikhumba esinezintambo ezimnyama hhayi kuphela eSiberia, kodwa nase-Afrika, eMelika, e-Asia. Izinhlobo ezinezimpiko zindiza lapho ebusika. Zonke izinto zokuthambisa - izinyoni ezifudukayo zaseSiberia.
I-grebe encane
Noma incane kunesihlalo esinezintambo ezimnyama, ubude abudluli amasentimitha angama-28. Isilwane sinesisindo esingu-140-250 amagremu. Phakathi kwama-toadstools, lokhu ubuncane.
Umzimba wesitokisi samazwane esincane uyisiyingi, kuthi uqhwaku lufushane. Ungabuka le nyoni emaxhaphozini akhule kakhulu nasemachibini asedolobheni.
Chomga
Kubukeka sengathi iGrebe inezinwele ezimodelayo. Ezinhlangothini zekhanda, izimpaphe zilenga phansi, njengesikwele esivulekile. I-crest ibukisa phezulu kwekhanda. Kumnyama, futhi isisekelo se "sikwele" sinombala obomvu. Ingubo yenyoni nayo i-haute couture. Ngemuva, izimpaphe, ngokungathi kunjalo, zinomoya, ziphakanyisiwe.
IGrested grebe yeluliwe ingamasentimitha angama-40 ubude futhi ingaba nesisindo esifinyelela kuma-1.3 kilograms. Njengamanye ama-toadstools, isilwane sihola impilo yasemanzini. Ngakho-ke, izidladla zale nyoni zashintshela emsileni. Kukhululekile ukubhukuda ngale ndlela.
Umsila uqobo awucishe ube khona, futhi amaphiko amafushane. Ngakho-ke, i-filigree diving, i-grebe ayikwazi neze ukundiza. Ukuze ikhuphukele emoyeni, le nyoni igijima isikhathi eside emanzini futhi ishaya ngamandla amaphiko ayo.
UPetrel waseSiberia
Usile wena
Ihlala ogwini lolwandle olusenyakatho, idla ama-jellyfish, ama-molluscs nezinhlanzi. Ngaphandle, i-fulmar ifana nejuba elikhulu. Isisindo sezinyoni sifinyelela kuma-900 amagremu. Ubude bomzimba bama-fulmars ngamasentimitha angama-45-48. Iphiko lingamamitha ayi-1.1.
Igama izinyoni ezidla inyama zaseSiberia bathole ukubonga ngenxa yokukholwa kwabo. Lokhu ngokwengxenye kungenxa yamakhulu eminyaka ezindawo zokuhlala izigaxa ezingenamuntu. Abajwayele ukwesaba ama-bipeds. Lesi ngesinye sezizathu zokwehla okukhulu kwenani lezinhlobo.
Izinyoni zasePelican zaseSiberia
Iphixiki elibomvana
Inyoni enkulu enesisindo esingaba ngamakhilogremu ayi-12. Ubude bomzimba wezimpaphe bufinyelela kumasentimitha angu-180. Izimpaphe zesilwane zinombala okhanyayo opinki.
Isici esivelele sevuba elibomvana umlomo waso omude, oyisicaba. Ingxenye yayo engezansi ivuleka njengesikhwama. Isilwane sifaka izinhlanzi ezibanjiwe kuso. AmaPelican ancamela ukuyizingela emanzini ashisayo nasethempelini.
E-Siberia, izinyoni ezibomvana zitholakala njengehlukile, kuphela emizimbeni enkulu namanzi afudumele.
I-pelican egobile
Izimpaphe zenyoni zigobe ekhanda nasentanyeni. Ama-curls, njengayo yonke ikhava, aba manzi kalula. Ngakho-ke, lapho ihleli phezu kwamanzi, ivuba liphakamisa amaphiko alo, linciphise ukuxhumana nomswakama.
Izimpaphe zevuba eligoqene zimhlophe. Ngosayizi, isilwane sifaniswa naleso esibomvana, futhi sinesisindo esingaba ngamakhilo ayi-12 futhi sinamaphiko cishe amamitha amabili.
AmaCormorants aseSiberia
I-bering cormorant
Ngaphandle, kuyinto ephakathi kwedada nehansi. Ubude bomzimba benyoni bufinyelela uphawu lwemitha. Iphiko lingamasentimitha ayi-160.
I-Bering cormorant imnyama, enezinto ezinhle kakhulu zensimbi. Lapho indiza, enezimpaphe ibukeka njengesiphambano, ngoba isilwane sinentamo ende, imilenze, umsila namaphiko.
Cormorant
Usayizi uqhathaniswa nehansi, unesisindo esingama-3 kilogram. Ubude bomzimba we-cormorant ngamasentimitha angama-80-90. Iphiko lifinyelela kumamitha ayi-1.5.
I-cormorant inezimpaphe ezimhlophe esiswini nasentanyeni. Inyoni esele yimbi. Ekhanda, izimpaphe ziyagoqana zibe umuthi.
Izindwandwe eSiberia
Ukuphotha phezulu
Indwandwe encane enesisindo esingama-gram ayi-150 nobude bomzimba obungamasentimitha angama-30. Vuliwe isithombe senyoni yaseSiberia kubonakala kumnyama-luhlaza-beige okumpunga "okufaka" noma okunsundu. Inketho yokugcina umbala wabesifazane. Abantu abahlukile futhi abanemibala ngabesilisa.
Igama lesibili phezulu yi-bittern encane. Kwesinye isikhathi kubukeka sengathi indwandwe ayinayo intamo. Eqinisweni, idonswa emzimbeni wenyoni. Ngenxa yalokhu, i-bittern encane ibukeka njengeyimvelo yezindwandane ize iqonde.
I-bittern enkulu
Ifinyelela kumamitha ayi-0.8 ubude. Amaphiko we-bittern enkulu ngamasentimitha ayi-130. Inyoni le isisinda cishe ngama-2 kilograms.
I-bittern enkulu ihlala emadanyini anamanzi amile, aminyene notshani, azungezwe izihlahla nomhlanga.
Indlovu ephuzi
Phansi kwenyoni kumhlophe, kanti phezulu kune-yellow-buffy. Kukhona i-crest ekhanda lesikhonyane. Yena, njengentamo ende, uyikhulisa ngokubonakalayo inyoni. Eqinisweni, isisindo saso singama-gramu angama-300.
ESiberia, indwandwe ephuzi ivela ngezikhathi zokwanda kwabantu. Imvamisa, le nyoni ihlala eMedithera naseningizimu ye-Asia.
I-egret enhle
Ubude bomzimba wenkonyane enkulu ngamasentimitha angu-102. Izimpiko izinyoni ezihlala eSiberia, vula amasentimitha angu-170. Indwandwe inesisindo esingamakhilogremu ama-2. Lokhu kuphindwe kabili isisindo se-egret encane. Izimpaphe zehlukile empunga ngomusa.
Izinyoni zezidleke zitholakala eningizimu yeTransbaikalia. Ngokuvamile, i-egret enkulu itholakala kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwase-Antarctica. Lezi zinhlobo zezazi zezinto eziphilayo zibizwa ngokuthi ama-cosmopolitans.
Ama-Ibis eSiberia
Isiponji
Usayizi we-spoonbill ovela ku-goose, kodwa unokubukeka kwesici. Okokuqala, uqhwaku olude lwenyoni lubhebheleke ekugcineni, njengesipuni. Okwesibili, i-spoonbill inwebise imilenze nentamo efanayo ende, ezacile. Lesi sakamuva sihlangene ngendiza, futhi asigobile njengezindwandwe.
I-spoonbill ingamasentimitha angama-90 ubude. Amaphiko esilwane angamamitha ayi-1.4.
Izinsikazi ezinamakhanda amnyama
Ngaphandle inomlomo omude. Igobile njengamasikela. Imilenze nentamo yezibankwa zinde futhi zizacile njengalezo zesipuni. Kepha usayizi we-blackhead mncane. Ubude benyoni abweqi kumasentimitha angama-70.
ESiberia, kanye naseRussia yonkana, izigaxa ezinamakhanda amnyama zibalwa njengezihambi. Ngamanye amazwi, le nyoni ayihlali ezweni, kepha kwesinye isikhathi indiza phezu kwamasimu ayo nezigodi, yenza ukuma kwesikhashana.
Onogolantethe baseSiberia
Unogolantethe waseMpumalanga Ekude
Inomlomo omnyama, imilenze ebomvu nezindawo zesikhumba eduze kwamehlo, ngaphansi komlomo. Umzimba we-stork yaseMpumalanga Ekude umhlophe, kepha izimpiko zimnyama. Ubukhulu bezimpaphe budlula imingcele ye-egret enkulu. Ingunogolantethe omkhulu kunabo bonke eRussia.
Unogolantethe waseMpumalanga Ekude uthanda ukuhlala esidlekeni seKhabarovsk Territory, eduze noMfula i-Amur. Kodwa-ke, inyoni eyodwa yezinyoni yabhaliswa esifundeni saseChita.
Unogolantethe omhlophe
Uyasithanda nesifunda sase-Amur. Uqhwaku lukanogolantethe omhlophe umbala wemilenze ebomvu. Izimpiko zenyoni, njengalezo zabantu baseMpumalanga Ekude, zimnyama. Umsila nomzimba wezimpaphe kumhlophe.
Unogolantethe omhlophe unesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu ama-4, ushaya ngamaphiko wamamitha amabili nobude obungamasentimitha ayi-125.
Idada laseSiberia
I-Goose ebheke phambili emhlophe
Kubukeka njengehansi elibheke phambili elimhlophe, nalo eliyiSiberia. Nokho, uqhwaku lwehansi elibheke phambili elimhlophe lufushane. Uphawu olumhlophe olusekhanda lwenyoni lukhulu kunalelo lohansi.
Ihansi elincane elibheke phambili elimhlophe linesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu ama-2. Ungahlangana nenyoni ethafeni laseSiberia nasehlathini-itundra, ikakhulukazi ethafeni lasePutorana.
Ubhontshisi
Leli ihansi linendandatho ephuzi ngomlomo walo. Umaki ubizwa ngokuthi indwayimane. Inyoni esele inombala onsundu ngokumpunga, izidladla zibomvu tebhu kuphela.
Njengamanye amahansi, ihansi likabhontshisi liyimifino kuphela, lidla ukudla kwezitshalo kuphela. Igama lesiLatini lohlobo, ngasendleleni, lihunyushwa ngokuthi "ubhontshisi". Leli gama lanikezwa inyoni ngekhulu le-18 nguJohn Latham. Isazi semvelo sathola futhi sachaza ihansi elisha, siphawula imikhuba yaso yokudla.
Sukhonos
Uyena omkhulu kunabo bonke phakathi kwedada. Ihansi linesisindo esingu-4.5 kilograms. Izimpiko zalowo onezimpaphe cishe zingamamitha amabili. Ubude bomzimba webhungane owomile buseduze nomaki wamamitha.
I-hose eyomile inentamo ende, enomusa, njenge-swan, hhayi ihansi. Le nyoni ibuye ihlukaniswe ngomlomo omkhulu omnyama onomlomo ofana nophondo.
Ihansi lentaba
Izinhlobo ezivikelwe. Sekusele abantu abayizinkulungwane eziyi-15. Cishe ama-300 awo ahlala eRussia. ISiberia ibalelwa ngaphezu kwe-100.
I-Mountain goose ibhalwe ku izinyoni zaseNtshonalanga Siberia, etholakala ezifundeni zezintaba zase-Altai naseTuva. Ummeleli walezi zinhlobo akanandaba nokuphakama okungamamitha ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu ngaphezulu kogu lolwandle. Ngakho igama lehansi.
Umgibeli waseSiberia
Kuyidada elinesifuba esibomvu nesisu. Ingemuva, umsila kanye nengxenye yamaphiko enyoni kumnyama. Ikhanda lika eider limhlophe. Kunezimpawu eziluhlaza esiphongweni nasemuva kwekhanda. Imifino iphosa futhi "umgexo" entanyeni emhlophe.
Isigaxa saseSiberia sincane. Amanye amadada esifundeni makhulu.
Idada elinamehlo amhlophe
Igama lesibili ledada linamehlo amhlophe liphenduka libe mnyama. Igama liyafundisa. Izimpaphe zale nyoni zimnyama, zimnyama nsundu. Amehlo wedada amhlophe. Lesi yisici sabesilisa bezinhlobo. Amehlo ezinsikazi ansundu.
Lapho ihamba, le dive enamehlo amhlophe ivula iminwe yayo. Ngakho-ke, imikhondo yezinyoni yehlukile kuleyo yamanye amadada. Amamaki wokudilika amafushane ngobude kunasebubanzini.
Uklebe
Umdli we-washi owabanjwayo
Abadli beminyovu - izinyoni zaseMpumalanga Siberia... Lapho, izinyoni zizala, zikhulise inzalo. Ngobusika, izidli zeminyovu ezijiyile ziyandiza ziye ezindaweni ezifudumele. Izinyoni zibuya ngoMeyi. Lokhu sekwedlule isikhathi kunezinye izinyoni ezifudukayo, ngisho nezinyoni ze-hawk.
Umdli odliwayo futhi uhlala eWestern Siberia, kepha sekuvamile. Lezi zinhlobo ziseduze ne-crested. Incane futhi ayinazo izimpaphe ze-nape ezinde. Uma ihlangana inyoni ene-tuft eSiberia, ungumzala wasempumalanga wesidla esivamile somnyovu.
Ikhayithi elimnyama
Eqinisweni, awumnyama kangako njengonsundu. Le nyoni ayidluli ngamasentimitha angama-58 ubude. Izimpiko zifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-155. Umzingeli unesisindo esingaba ikhilogremu. Abesilisa bancane kancane futhi balula kunabesifazane.
ESiberia, ama-kite amnyama atholakala ezifundeni eziseningizimu. Ebusika, izinyoni zindiza ziye eNdiya, e-Afrika, e-Australia.
I-Eastern Harrier
Kukhona nehabana lasentshonalanga. Ingenayo imivimbo ehlukile eguqukayo emsileni. Eyasempumalanga inazo futhi inyoni inkudlwana. Abesilisa bezinhlobo banesisindo esingama-600 amagremu. Ubuningi besifazane bufinyelela ku-780.
Njengezinye izithiyo, esempumalanga ihlala eduze kwamaxhaphozi, ezindaweni eziphansi. Kwesinye isikhathi inyoni ihlala emadlelweni anezikhukhula, ezimanzi.
UNyazi
Imilenze emibi - izinyoni zasebusika zaseSiberia... Kukhona "neqhwa" elincane ekubukekeni kwesilwane esidlayo. Inomsila omhlophe njengeqhwa. Kukhona nezindawo ezikhanyayo esifubeni nasemaphikweni enyoni. Zonke ezinye izimpaphe zinsundu.
Isisindo esinemilenze emibi sifinyelela kuma-1.7 kilograms. Lesi isisindo sabesifazane. Abesilisa banesisindo esingu-700 grams kuphela. Amaphiko amanye ama-buzzards afinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-150.
Kurgannik
Inezimpaphe ezibomvu, okwenza kucace ukuthi uNyazi aluhlukile okhozini. Umsila obomvu ukuvumela ukuthi uhlukanise inyoni ebhungwini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iBuzzard inkulu. Kodwa-ke, umehluko osobala wezinhlobo owe-ornithologists kuphela.
Kunezimpawu ezimhlophe maphakathi nezimpiko zeBuzzard. Ziyabonakala lapho zindiza. Lokhu ngomunye umehluko phakathi kophiko olunezimpaphe nezinye.
UBuzzard
Ama-Buzzards - izinyoni zehlathi zaseSiberia... Ngaphandle kwalokho, abamele lezi zinhlobo babizwa ngama-buzzards. Kukhulunywe ngabo engxoxweni emayelana namaBuzzards. Akuzange kuthiwe uhlobo lwe-buzzard lubandakanya ama-subspecies amaningana. Konke kuseSiberia. Kepha ubhontshane omncane undizela e-Asia ebusika. Amanye ama-buzzard ahlala eRussia unyaka wonke.
Ama-buzzard angahlukaniswa namanye ama-hawk ngokuma kwawo okukhethekile. Zihleli, izinyoni ziyagoba futhi zikhulise umudwa owodwa, njengendlovu.
Inqe elimnyama
Le nyoni ayivelakancane, ihola impilo yokuphila kokuzulazula. Ngamanye amazwi, inqe alindizeli kwamanye amazwe, kodwa lisuka endaweni liya kwenye liyofuna ukudla. Inikwa izidumbu zezilwane ezinkulu. Uma zingekho, inqe elimnyama lizingela izingcongconi nezibankwa.
Ibha emnyama ingafinyelela ku-12.5 kilos. Amaphiko enyoni afinyelela kumamitha ayi-2,5. Ungahlangana nesikhwabanisi eningizimu yeKhakassia naseKrasnoyarsk Territory.
Inqe
Ikhanda lalo alinazimpaphe, njengenqe. Kukhona okubhekiswe ngokusobala ekudleni egameni lenyoni. AmaSlavs asendulo abiza igama elithi "bitch". Ngokunjalo, sikhuluma ngesidlakudla esinezimpaphe.
Inqe lincane kunenqe. Ubude bomzimba wale nyoni ngamasentimitha angama-60. Inqe linesisindo esingaba amakhilogremu ama-2. Isakhiwo somzimba sezimpaphe sincane. Kepha amanqe avame ukukhuluphala.
Ukhozi olumhlophe
Ngaphandle kwalokho kuthiwa unekhanda elimhlophe. Noma kunjalo, umsila wesilwane nawo umhlophe. Zonke ezinye izimpaphe zinsundu. Uqhwaku oluphuzi lwokhozi lisebenza njengendawo ekhanyayo.
Ukhozi olunempandla lunesisindo esingu-3.5-6.5 kilograms. Abesifazane bakhulu kunabesilisa. Le dimorphism yezocansi ifana nalokho oklebe abaningi.
UFalcon waseSiberia
I-Saker Falcon
Ubude bomzimba weSaker Falcon ngamasentimitha angama-60. Inyoni le isisinda cishe ngama-1.5 kilograms. Abesifazane bakhulu kancane. I-dimorphism yezocansi ayivezwa ngombala.
I-Saker Falcon ivame ukudideka ne-peregrine falcon. Lesi sakamuva sitholakala naseSiberia, entshonalanga nesifunda. Kodwa-ke, i-Saker Falcon inezimpaphe ezilula kanye nesimo sephiko esiyindilinga.
UMerlin
Kuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwama-falcons, efinyelela ngamasentimitha angama-65 ubude. Amaphiko enyoni akhulu ngokuphindwe kathathu. I-gyrfalcon inesisindo esingaba ngu-2 kilos.
Ama-gyrfalcones aseSiberia acishe abe mhlophe. Ithoni yobisi ihlanjululwe ngompunga okhanyayo. Ngaphandle kwesifunda, kutholakala i-gyrfalcon ensundu nomnyama. Okumnyama kakhulu kuvame ukuba ngabesifazane.
I-Kobchik
Ngokuphikisana ne-gyrfalcon, iyinkohliso encane kunazo zonke. Ubude bomzimba wenyoni bungu-27-32 cm. Amaphiko ephiko lukakhokho ngamasentimitha angama-80. Izimpaphe zinesisindo esingu-200 amagremu.
Ukhozi unezidladla ezibomvu ngokusawolintshi. Izimpaphe ezinombala ofanayo esiswini nasesifuba somzingeli. Igama laso lesibili ngufalkoni onyawo olubomvu.
Shahin
Le falcon isivele inamakhanda abomvu, hhayi ngezinyawo ezibomvu. Le nyoni inkulu futhi ayijwayelekile. Leli gama lanikezwa inyoni yaseMpumalanga. Igama limele "okuka-shah". Ababusi base-Iran naseNdiya basebenzise i-shahin ekuzingeleni.
UShaheen uhlangana kalula namanye ama-falcon. Abamele izinhlobo ze-hybrid bagcinwa ezinkulisa futhi basetshenziselwa ukuzingela.
Umlingani waseSiberia
Grouse
Le nyoni ibomvu-mpunga, kodwa uhlobo oluthile lwama-ripple amnyama luya emzimbeni wonke. Kungakho igama lohlobo.Kwabesilisa, umbala omnyama ukhona nasekhanda. Umbala usakazeka lapho endaweni ebanzi. Umsila wale nyoni nawo upendiwe mnyama, kepha ubonakala kuphela lapho indiza.
Usayizi we-hazel grouse ulingene. Le nyoni inesisindo esingamagremu angama-500, kanti ubude bomzimba cishe buyisentimitha ezingama-30. Inyama enezimpiko ibhekwa njengesibiliboco.
Izinkuni grouse
Kuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke phakathi komdlalo onezimpaphe waseSiberia. Ubude bomzimba benyoni buyimitha elilodwa. Amaphiko e-capercaillie angamasentimitha ayi-140. Abesifazane bacishe babe yingxenye yesithathu encane.
ICapercaillie eSiberia inezinhlobo ezi-3 ezingaphansi. Ezifundeni ezisempumalanga, eyelungu elimhlophe iyaphila. Izinyoni ezinezisu ezimnyama zisentshonalanga. Enyakatho, i-taiga wood grouse iyatholakala. Kumnyama bhuqe.
Ipartridge emhlophe
Inyoni engamasentimitha angamashumi amane enesisindo esingama-0.7 kilograms. Igama lepartridge lihlotshaniswa nombala wezimpaphe. Kuyafaneleka ezindaweni ezisenyakatho yeSiberia. Eduze naseningizimu, i-motley partridge ejwayelekile iyaphila. Lesi sakamuva sincane kunesihlobo sase-Arctic.
I-ptarmigan inemilenze enezimpaphe nezinzipho ezinamandla, eziqinile. Ngabo, le nyoni inamathela ebusweni, imelane nemimoya, nokuyinto engajwayelekile emaqeleni asenyakatho.
Izinyoni ezihlaselayo zaseSiberia
U-Altai Ular
Lesi isikhukhukazi sentaba. Kulula ukumbona ngokufaka umbala. Umqhele ompunga, emuva kwentamo nangemuva kwaphezulu kuhlukaniswe ngomugqa oyisentimitha omhlophe. Ezinye izimpaphe ziyimpunga emnyama ngephethini ye-jet. Iphuzi. Kunezindawo ezimhlophe ezansi kwesifuba seqhwa lase-Altai.
Njengamanye amaqhwa eqhwa, uqhwaku lwase-Altai luye lwagoba. Isikhukhukazi sentaba naso sinemilenze emikhulu. Inyoni uqobo lwayo futhi inkulu, ithola isisindo esingaba ngu-3 kg.
I-Keklik
Lokhu sekuvele kuyikhokho lezintaba. Kaningi ibizwa ngokuthi itshe. Ungahlangana nenyoni emithambekeni efanayo yezintaba ze-Altai. Lapho izinkukhu zikhuluphele isisindo esingangekhilogremu, zinwebeke ngamasentimitha angama-35 ubude.
Izimpaphe ze-chukar zingwevu-mpunga. Kunokufakwa okumnyama. Ikakhulu, imigqa emnyama idlula ngamehlo, izungeza izihlathi futhi iyahlangana entanyeni yenyoni. Kukhona nolayini abamnyama ezimpikweni ze-chukar.
Inyoni ye-pheasant
E-Siberia, kutholakala ama-subspecies ayi-13 kwangu-30 ama-pheasants. Ukungafani kwabo kulele kuma-nuances ombala. Iyakhanya emadodeni futhi inesizotha kwabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, bobabili ubulili banemisila emide. Kwabesilisa, zifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha angama-60. Izimpaphe zomsila zezinsikazi zanda zingama-45.
Iningi lama-pheasants likhulu. Ngobude bomzimba wemitha, izinyoni zinesisindo esingu-2 kilograms. Le nyoni ayikhuphi isisindo esiningi emoyeni. Lokhu kusetshenziswa izinja ezizingelayo. Bazama ukuqhuba i-pheasant esihlahleni, behlasela ngesikhathi inyoni isuka.
Ama-Cranes aseSiberia
Sterkh
Ukuphakama kwale nyoni kufinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-160. I-Siberia Crane inesisindo esingu-8 kilogram. Amaphiko e-crane angamasentimitha angama-220.
I-Siberia Crane yehlukile kwamanye ama-cranes asemlonyeni wayo obomvu nombala ofanayo wesikhumba eduze kwayo nangaseduze kwamehlo. Le ndawo ayinazo izimpaphe. Lapho bekhona, lenyoni imhlophe njengeqhwa. Ingxenye yamaphiko e-crane imnyama.
UBelladonna
I-crane encane kunazo zonke. Ukuphakama kwale nyoni akweqi ngamasentimitha angama-89. UBelladonna unesisindo esingaba ngamakhilogremu ama-3.
Igama lale nyoni likhombisa ukubukeka kwayo kwangaphandle. Azikho izindawo ezinempandla ekhanda elinezimpaphe, kepha kukhona ukufana kwesikwele sezimpaphe ezimhlophe. Ingaphezulu lenyoni mpunga. Kukhona ukukhanya okuluhlaza esiphongweni. Ngaphansi kwekhanda nentamo yebelladonna kumnyama. Emzimbeni, izimpaphe zimpunga-luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kunombala omnyama emaphethelweni amaphiko.
I-Grane crane
Ngokuphakama kwamasentimitha angu-130, isisindo saso singama-7 kilos. Amaphiko e-crane empunga afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-240. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukundiza kwale nyoni kuhamba kancane. Kunzima ngama-cranes ukusheshisa unikezwe isisindo abasitholile.
Kukhona indawo ebomvu ekhanda le-crane empunga. Itholakala phezulu ekhanda. Ezinhlangothini zekhanda elinezimpaphe kunokubukeka kokushiswa okusemaceleni okumhlophe. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umbala we-crane mpunga.
IBustard esifundeni saseSiberia
I-Bustard
Iyinyoni enkulu kunazo zonke ezindizayo eSiberia. Ngobude bomzimba wemitha, amaphiko we-bustard afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-260. Inyoni isisindo esifinyelela ku-18 kilograms.
I-bustard ibhalwe kuRed Book. Abantu "bangenela" emaqeleni angalinyiwe lapho kuhlala khona izinyoni. Bona uqobo kanye nokwakhiwa kwamatshe kuyabhubha ngaphansi kwemishini yezolimo. Ama-bustard asindile ahamba ayofuna izindawo ezintsha ezingakathintwa abantu, kepha abatholi njalo ezifanele.
Amaqhuqhuva aseSiberia
Ingquza enekhanda elimnyama
Ngaphandle kwalokho, ibizwa ngokuthi ejwayelekile, ngokungafani nezinhlanzi eziningi, ihlala emanzini amasha. Kukhona esinye isidlaliso - gull. Ukukhala kwenyoni yasolwandle kufana nokuhleka okuhoshozelayo.
Inhlwathi enamakhanda amnyama isisindo esingama-gramu angama-300. Kulokhu, inyoni idinga amagremu ayi-100-220 okudla ngosuku. Lapho ifuna ukudla, inyoni enamandla ingandiza amakhilomitha ayi-15 ukusuka endaweni yasebusuku. Ngaphezu kwezinhlanzi, i-seagull inentshisekelo kubhungane, ama-centipedes, ojekamanzi, izimpukane nezintethe. Kwesinye isikhathi izibankwa ziba yizisulu.
Inxanxathela yaseMpumalanga yeSiberia
Kushiwo ama-herring gulls. Ingubo yenyoni impunga mpunga. Ithoni ejwayelekile imnyama kancane kune-gull Mongolian. Ngaphakathi kwama-subspecies, abantu abanemibala ehlukene yemilenze batholakala. Zimpunga, ziphuzi, zibomvana. Inketho yokugcina ifanele ama-gulls asenyakatho yeSiberia.
Njengoba igama lisho, i-gull ayitholakali eNtshonalanga Siberia. Izinyoni zihlala maphakathi nesifunda. Kodwa abantu abaningi bahlala empumalanga yeSiberia.
Izinyoni zamajuba zaseSiberia
Ijuba elinsundu
Ngaphandle, iyafana neyasemadolobheni, kepha iyafuduka futhi ihlala emaweni aphakathi kwamahlathi. Uma ku-megalopolises amajuba empunga, khona-ke ku-taiga amnyama kakhulu.
Ngokuphikisana namajuba aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, lawo ansundu awenzi imihlambi emikhulu. Imvamisa izinyoni eziyi-10-30 kuphela ezihlangene. Usayizi wezinyoni ezinsundu nawo ungaphansi kwalezi ezimpunga. Amaphiko abantu abakhulu angeqi kumasentimitha ayi-19.
UVyakhir
Igama lesibili lale nyoni i-vituten. Uyena omkhulu phakathi kwamajuba. Ubude bomzimba womuntu ophakathi nendawo ngamasentimitha angama-40. Ezinye izibonelo zikhula kuze kube uhhafu wemitha. Amaphiko enyoni afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-80. I-Pigeon isisindo esingama-gramu angama-500.
Ithoni enkulu yejuba lezinkuni mpunga. Izimpaphe ezifubeni zenyoni zikhazimula ngombala obomvana. Kukhona isichibi esiluhlaza entanyeni yejuba. Iphosa insimbi. I-pigeon goiter ingu-turquoise, kwesinye isikhathi i-lilac. Kunezimpawu ezimhlophe ezimpikweni nasenhla kwentamo.
UKlintukh
Kutholakala eNtshonalanga Siberia. Ngo-Agasti, amajuba alezi zinhlobo asuswa ebusika eMedithera, e-Afrika. IKlintuhi iya lapho usuka emahlathini alula. Lezi zitholakala eduze kwezinkambu nama-steppes.
Ubude besigaji abudluli ngamasentimitha angama-34. Amaphiko enyoni akhulu ngokuphindwe ka-2. Le nyoni inesisindo esingu-290-370 amagremu. Umbala we-clintuch uyisibhakabhaka esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Entanyeni kuphela kuneziqeshana eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezincane.
Izikhova esifundeni saseSiberia
Isikhova esikhuphukile
Okuvame kakhulu phakathi kwezikhova zaseSiberia. Kunemicu yezimpaphe ngemuva kwekhanda lenyoni. Zibukeka njengezindlebe. Kungakho igama lophaphe. Sifana nesikhova esincane.
Ubude bomzimba wesikhova esinezindlebe ezinde abungeqi kumasentimitha angama-37. Izimpiko zicishe zifinyelele kumitha. Le nyoni inesisindo esingaba ngamagremu angama-300. Ungahlangana nomzingeli yonke indawo. Ukubuka kufakiwe njengaku- izinyoni zaseMpumalanga SiberianaseNtshonalanga.
Isikhova esikhulu esimpunga
Esikhulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwezikhova. Amaphiko empiko yaleyo enezimpiko ayimitha elilodwa nohhafu. Izimpiko ngokwazo zibanzi. Umsila wenyoni mude. Izimpaphe zesikhova zivulekile. Konke lokhu kukhuliswa ngokubonakalayo yisilwane esivele sikhulu.
Umbala weGreat Grey Owl ungwevu oshunqayo. Izintambo eziningi zikhona. Isici esihlukile sale nyoni nakho ukungafani kwekhanda elikhulu namehlo amancane. Amathoni kalamula akamuva. Abanye abantu banamehlo awolintshi.
Isikhova
Isidlakela phakathi kwezikhova. Isikhova sinesisindo esingamakhilogremu amane. Ubude bomzimba wesikhova ngamasentimitha angama-80. Amaphiko esikhova acishe abe amamitha amabili.
Ngombala wamehlo wesikhova, ungaqagela ubudala baso. Ezinganeni, iris iphuzi. Izikhova ezindala zikhipha amehlo asawolintshi.
ICuckoo eSiberia
Ukhokho oyizithulu
Azikho izintambo ezimnyama eziguqukayo ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zenyoni. Ezansi komzimba, ukumaka kubanzi futhi kucace kunokwenkukhu ejwayelekile. Lokhu, empeleni, yiwo wonke umehluko phakathi kwezinyoni.
Njengenkhukhu ojwayelekile, isithulu sisakazeke kulo lonke elaseSiberia, sizinza ehlathini, siphonsa amaqanda kwezinye izinyoni.
Shrike izinyoni zaseSiberia
WaseSiberia uZhulan
Inyoni encane enesisindo esingu-35 amagremu namasentimitha ayi-17 ubude. Inokwakhiwa okuhle, izimpiko ezinde nomsila.
Umugqa omnyama udlula usuka emlonyeni uye entanyeni yesikhunta, uthinte amehlo. Ebusika, kuyancipha. Zonke ezinye izimpaphe zale nyoni zinsundu-beige.
I-Grike shrike
Inyoni enkulu edlulayo, efinyelela kumasentimitha angama-35 ubude. Le nyoni inesisindo esingaba ngama-gram angama-80. Iphindze ibe nemlomo lomfishane, lobutsene ngemuva, isakhiwo lesiminyene, inhloko lencane leciniswe kancane kusuka emaceleni.
Ingemuva nangaphezulu kwekhanda kuyimpunga ku-shrike empunga. Ngaphansi kwale nyoni kumhlophe kunamabala amnyama ezinhlangothini. Ihora lokuhlangana namagundane amancane anezimpaphe nezibankwa nakho kungaba mnyama. I-shrike iyazondla, ingomunye wabantu abadlulayo abadlayo.
Sekukonke, endaweni yaseSiberia kuhlala izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingama-64. Bahlukaniswe imindeni engama-22. Akubona bonke izinyoni zaseSiberia okwamanje ebusika... Amaphesenti angama-70 ezinyoni zalesi sifunda ayathutha. Ngokuyisisekelo, lezi yizinyoni ezidla izinambuzane ezingafuni ukushintshela ekudleni kwezitshalo eziyindlala ebusika.
