I-Kerry Blue Terrier, ukuziqhenya nolunye lwezimpawu zikazwelonke zase-Ireland, ifaka iphupho labathandi bezinja abaningi bomngani onemilenze emine onempilo enhle, isimilo esivinjelwe, ingaphandle elingajwayelekile nelimangazayo, elingenayo ingubo, ubukhulu bokusebenza bokuhlala efulethini ledolobha.
Iphupho, eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngomqondo ongokoqobo wegama: ngemuva kwakho konke, igama lohlobo lwakhiwa ngokuhlanganisa igama lendawo elivela kuyo (County Kerry) kanye nokuqokwa kombala wejazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (kusuka egameni lesiNgisi elithi "blue" - blue).
Umlando wemvelaphi yohlobo
Kunezinguqulo eziningana ngemvelaphi yohlobo lweKerry Blue Terrier.... Inganekwane enjalo ithathwa njengeyona enengqondo kunazo zonke futhi ngokwengxenye ichaza umbala ongajwayelekile we-carrick, isimo sabo sokuziqhenya, nesibindi.
Kuyathakazelisa! E-Ireland yangesikhathi esidlule, abavamile babenqatshelwe ngumthetho wasebukhosini onobuhlungu bokufa ukugcina izimpisi ezinkulu ezinamandla.
Ilungelo lokuba nalezi zinja ezinkulu kwakungelabasebukhosini kuphela. Bebhekene nesifiso sokuthola abasizi abanemilenze eqinile, abanesibindi, abanolaka, abalimi ngasese balingisa ngasese izintambo zomalusi wabo nezinja zezicukuthwane. Ngenxa yalokhu "kukhethwa" okungekho emthethweni kwatholakala umugqa wohlobo olwaveza iKerry Blue yanamuhla.
Enye inganekwane ilandisa ngokuphahlazeka kwasogwini lwe-Irish County of Kerry yempi yezempi yasenkosi yaseSpain uPhilip II. Ukuvela kweKerry Blue kwaba ngumphumela wokuwela izinja ezingajwayelekile eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nezindawo zabomdabu ezisinda emikhunjini.
Yiba ngangokunokwenzeka, abameleli bohlobo olusha bazuze njengefa izakhiwo ezinhle zokhokho babo - izimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu zangaphandle nokusebenza. Inani lezinja lahlala likhulu impela kwaze kwaba ngama-70s wekhulu le-XIX. Kamuva, lapho ukuthandwa kohlobo lwehla, i-County Kerry yaba ukugxila kwesabelo esikhulu se-gene pool. Izimo ezisondele ekuhlukanisweni zasebenzela ukuzinzisa isikhwama sokuzalisa futhi saqala ukwakheka kohlobo olufanayo lwemfuyo.
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, emithonjeni eminingi yemibhalo, umuntu angathola izincazelo ze-terriers ezinombala obomvu-oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ezihehayo hhayi ngokubukeka okumangazayo kuphela, kodwa futhi nangothando lwangaphakathi lokuzingela. Ukuqhathanisa amaqiniso angokomlando, izifundo zokucwaninga zivumela ukuthi sithi lo mzila wokuzalela unikeze imvelo yezakhi zofuzo yokuvela kweKerry Blue Terriers yanamuhla.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. ama-blues athwala eze eMelika, lapho cishe ngokushesha bathola ukuthandwa okungaziwa. Ngo-1922, kwakhiwa inqwaba yamaqembu amakilabhu e-United States, futhi kwahlelwa imibukiso eminingi yezinja ezweni lonke. Ngo-1924, uhlobo lweKerry Blue Terrier lwaqashelwa ngokusemthethweni yiAmerican Kennel Club, ngasikhathi sinye izinga lalo lakhiwa.
Kuyathakazelisa! Kule minyaka eyikhulu edlule, ingaphandle lezinja alizange lenze ushintsho olukhulu. Ukucheba kuphela kwaba okuphoqelekile njengesici sokuzilungisa, okwenza ukubukeka kwama-carrik kube yinhle ngokwengeziwe. Ukungafani kombala kuyabonakala: kwaba mnyama, kwaba ukubonga okukhulu ngokusetshenziswa kwama-sires ane-anthracite-grey, "slate" wool.
ERussia, iKerry Blue Terriers yavela kuma-70s wekhulu lamashumi amabili. Namuhla, izinkulisa ezikhethekile sezenziwe ezweni, lapho kwenziwa khona umsebenzi omkhulu wokufuya, iziqu zabo ziyahlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe omhlaba, ukubamba iqhaza okuvamile kwe "Russian" kuthwala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emibukisweni nasemincintiswaneni kuthakazelelwa kakhulu ngochwepheshe namajaji.
Incazelo yeKerry Blue Terrier
Uhlobo olujwayelekile kufanele lube nokwakhiwa okuhlanganisiwe, okuqinile, okulinganayo okuhlanganiswe nokuzala okuhloniphekile. Ngokuphakama kokuphakama lapho kubuna kwabesilisa kanye namabhantshi, ngokulandelana, u-45.5-49.5 cm no-44.5-48 cm, isisindo esifanele senja, kungakhathalekile ubulili, singu-15-18 kg.
Amazinga okuzala
- Ukhakhayi ngosayizi ophakathi nendawo, uvulekile impela: kubantu abadala ubude bekhanda icishe ilingane nengxenye yokuphakama lapho ibuna kusukela esihlokweni sekhala kuze kube se-occiput. Ushintsho olusuka ebunzini luye ekhaleni lubuthakathaka.
- Amehlo nge-iris ensundu ngosayizi ophakathi nendawo, ecishe ibe yi-oval shape, isethwe engeli elincane. Ukuvezwa kwamehlo enja kunempilo, kubukhali.
- Ikhala enkulu, ehambayo, enamakhala avulekile, umnyama omnyama.
- Izihlathi ezomile umhlathi enamandla, ejulile, iqoqo eligcwele lamazinyo. Izindebe ukulingana okuqinile, okuncane. Ukufakwa kombala okumnyama kwezindebe, izinsini, ulwanga, i-cheek mucosa kuyinto edingekayo.
- Izindlebe inesimo esingunxantathu, nokuma okume mpo kuze kufike ku-15 mm ngenhla kolayini wogebhezi, okuseleyo kwehliswa futhi kubheke kancane phambili (esimweni sokuthaba kwesilwane lokhu kuyabonakala kakhulu) noma kucindezelwe emathangeni. Izicubu ze-cartilage ziqinile kepha azinkulu.
- Ifomethi amabutho isikwele noma unxande, kodwa akukho ukunwebeka. Umzimba eqinile, enemisipha emincane namathambo akhule kahle. Isikhumba ukulingana okuqinile.
- Ukulethwa okuqinile intamo phezulu, ngokugoba okubonakalayo.
- Iyabuna iphinyisiwe, kuyilapho amahlombe amahlombe kwabesilisa emakhulu futhi enemisipha eminingi.
- Ingxenye engezansi yezimbambo okusaqanda, okunwetshiwe, kwehle kahle.
- Emuva ububanzi, obuqinile, obude obulinganiselayo, nobude be-convex.
- Ukuqoqa enamandla, ngomugqa ophezulu ojiyisiwe.
- Isisu ihlanganiswe kahle, ibizwa ngokuthi "ukubukela phansi" (okhalweni).
- Ukulethwa izingaphambili ngokuya ngendiza phansi, izindololwane zibekiwe emuva.
- Idwetshiwe ngemuva komugqa wenqwaba izitho zangemuva ifana ne-eksisi yomzimba futhi ibanzi kunangaphambili. Izinqe ziyandiswa, ama-hocks aqinile.
- Womabili la maqembu emilenze alingana nobude, anamalunga aqinile nemisipha emincane.
- Paws okuncane, okuyindilinga Izinzwane ziboshwe kahle, zinekhothamo eliphakeme kanye nozipho oluqinile olugobile. Isikhumba esisemaphepheni sikhulu.
- Umsila setha zibheka noma engela kancane kuya enezingqimba. Ngokwesiko kufakwe i-1/3 yobude bemvelo.
- Kuningi uboya ukuthungwa kwe-wavy, kusilika. Ebusweni, izinwele zokuhlobisa zenza intshebe echazwe kahle kanye ne-bang encane.
- Kuyamukeleka imibala noma imiphi imibala eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka enezinwele ezithayiphiwe iphela, uphawu olumhlophe esifubeni (ngobubanzi obungeqi ngaphezu kuka-2 cm). Izindlebe, ikhanda, isifonyo, umsila, izidladla zipendwe ngethoni emnyama. Amathoni ansundu ngokubomvu nombala omnyama kuvunyelwe emidlwane kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyi-18 ubudala.
Uhlamvu lwenja
UCarrick - uyasebenza, akaphumuli, uhlala ekhanyisa ithemba namandla enja. Lezi zimfanelo zenza ukuzala kube ngumngane omuhle kakhulu kulabo abakhetha indlela yokuphila esebenzayo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ihlale ikulungele ukudlala nokuzidela, ukukhanya ezinyaweni zayo, iKerry Blue Terrier izwana kahle nezingane futhi ingasebenza njengomzanyana kubo.
Ngokombono, izinja zikulungele ukugcinwa emndenini omkhulu.... Kodwa-ke, ukuvela kwethoyizi elithambile kuyakhohlisa. Ubumnene bokungathathi hlangothi kubantu ongabazi buthathelwa indawo kalula ukuqapha konogada, obuka iso lakhe ngokucophelela izinhloso ezingenabungane zomuntu ongamazi ngeke ziphunyuke: umuzwa omuhle kakhulu, ukusabela okusheshayo kuvumela ukuthwala ukuqonda ingxenye yezemizwa yezenzo maqondana nenkosi yakhe.
Ukuthambekela kobuholi okungokwemvelo kohlobo kungathatha uhlobo lomhawu uma kuvela ezinye izilwane endlini. Ngenxa yesifiso sokubusa, kuhlanganiswe nenkani nenkani, iKerry Blue Terrier ivame ukuqala izingxabano nezinye izinja. Ngokuxhumana nabantu kusenesikhathi nokukhuliswa okufanele kwe-carrick, izinkinga ezinjalo zingagwenywa kalula.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Uthando nokuzinikela komngani onemilenze emine iminyaka eminingi kuyimfanelo ebalulekile ebhekwayo lapho kukhethwa uhlobo lwezinja. ICarrie Blue, ngenxa yohlelo lwayo lokuzivikela komzimba oluhle kakhulu futhi nezifo ezingafane zibonakale njengefa, ingabhekwa njengesibindi eside. Isikhathi sabo sokuphila esimaphakathi yiminyaka eyi-14. Ngezimo ezinhle kakhulu zokunakekelwa nokunakekelwa, uhlobo olufanele lokuvivinya umzimba nokuqeqesha, ukunamathela emithethweni yokugoma ejwayelekile kanye nemithethonqubo yokubulala izikelemu, izinja zingaphila kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-18 ubudala, zihlala zisebenza futhi zinamandla.
Ukugcina i-Kerry Blue Terrier
AmaCarricks akulula neze ukuwahlanza. Abantu abangenaso isikhathi esanele sokunakekela kahle isilwane sabo kufanele bacabangele uhlobo oluthile lwenja.
Ukunakekelwa nokuhlanzeka
Yize iqiniso lokuthi ijazi likaKerry Blue Terriers "lingaleli elilodwa", futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu izinja azichithi kakhulu, ukuzilungisa nsuku zonke kuyadingeka. Lapho uhlangana nekama elinamazinyo amahle, uthuli nokungcola okuzinze eboyeni ngemuva kokuhamba, izinwele ezifile ziyasuswa. I-gloss yokugcina isetshenziswa nge-massage massage. Uma ungayenzi inqubo njalo, uboya obuthambile obutofotofo, obufana noboya be-astrakhan, buzophazamiseka ngokushesha, obuzodinga ukusikwa.
Intshebe yesitayela se-kerrick nayo idinga ukunakekelwa nsuku zonke, lapho kudingeka khona ukususa izinsalela zokuphakelayo, ukwahlukanisa nokukama izingidi ezikhiyiwe. Geza inja yakho amahlandla ama-2-3 ngenyanga noma kaningi uma kudingeka. Ukwakheka nomphumela wama-zoocosmetics kufanele uhlinzeke ngoboya:
- ukuhlanzwa okujulile;
- conditioning olunzulu;
- ukuqeda ukoma;
- ukunikeza ukuqina kanye nevolumu eyengeziwe;
- ukuqiniswa komthunzi wombala.
Ukuvimbela ingubo yoboya besilwane ukuthi ingashwabani ngemuva kokuwashwa, kungakuhle ukuthi usebenzise iscabisi sezinwele, uqondise ukugeleza komoya ovela esikhungweni lapho kukhula khona izinwele, ngenkathi uzikama.
Ukuthwala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunqunywa okungenani kathathu ngonyaka... Inhloso enkulu yenqubo ukugcina nokugcizelela imigqa emihle ye-silhouette, ngokulandela izidingo zeleveli, edinga amakhono athile nolwazi. Uma engekho lawa makhono, kungcono ukuxhumana nomkhongi noma umfuyi oqeqeshiwe. Kanye ezinyangeni ezi-2-3, inja inconywa ukuthi igunde izinwele ngendlela ehlanzekile, lapho izindlebe, izindawo ezizungeze amehlo, izikhala ezihlangene, indawo ezungeze i-anus, nengxenye yangaphakathi yomsila iyelashwa.
Amazinyo akulona iphuzu elibuthakathaka le-carrick, kepha ukuxubha okujwayelekile nokuhlolwa okujwayelekile ngeke kulimaze. Imvamisa, amazipho aguga ngokwemvelo ngokuzikhandla okwanele komzimba. Uma kunesidingo, ziyasikwa ukugwema ukulinyazwa kwamaphakethe wezidladla. Njengoba izindlebe zeKerry Blue Terrier zixega, ngaphezu kokuhlanza ngamafutha okuthambisa i-wax, ingaphakathi langaphakathi le-auricle ligundiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe umoya.
Ukudla kukaKerry Blue Terrier
Ukukhethwa kohlobo lokudla kwezinja kuncike kumnikazi. Njengakwezinye izidlo ezidla inyama, ukudla okunothe ngamaprotheni kufanele kube yisisekelo sokudla kweKerry Blue Terrier. Abafuyi kanye nodokotela bezilwane bancoma izixazululo zezimboni ezenziwe ngomumo zesigaba "esiphelele" (ikakhulukazi amafomula angenazinhlamvu), ukwakheka okubandakanya zonke izakhamzimba ezidingekayo kwezempilo, ukusebenza kanye nokuqina kweKerry Blue Terrier (brand Acana, Holistic Blend, Platinum Natural).
Uma umnikazi wenja engadideki ngobunzima obuhambisana nokulungiswa kokudla kwemvelo - ukubalwa kokulinganisa nobungako bokudla, isikhathi esichithwe - umthombo oyinhloko wamaprotheni kufanele kube yinyama nokukhohlisayo. Izidingo ezijwayelekile zansuku zonke zazo ku-kerry blue ezigcinwe efulethini ledolobha zingama-250-300 g, ngoba kudingeka isilwane esincane esisebenzayo kuze kufike kuma-350 g. Umthombo we-fiber ilayisi, ibhali, iphalishi le-buckwheat, imifino eluhlaza. Izithako ezinhle zevithamini necalcium zemvelo - i-cottage shizi, amaqanda, izithelo ezintsha, kanye nezinhlobo zemithi zokugqoka amaminerali.
Izifo nezinkinga zokuzala
ICarry Blue inempilo enhle nomzimba oqinile, futhi ukuvikeleka okukhethekile kwalezi zinja ezifweni ezithathelwanayo kuyaziwa. Ukugula okubangelwa ifa akuveli kaningi futhi ngokujwayelekile, impilo yesilwane ayisongelwa. Okubaluleke kakhulu kulokhu ukuhlolwa okwenziwe kubo bobabili abazali besikhathi esizayo ukuthwala izifo zofuzo, kufaka phakathi i-ataxia (ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-cerebellar).
Le nkinga, eholela ekuxhumaneni okungahambi kahle nasekuhambeni kwezitho zomzimba, izibonakalisa isencane isilwane futhi ikhula ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa okuphelele akunakwenzeka, kuphela ukwelashwa okusekelayo okuyisifo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela wezilwane ngokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ama-antibiotics, izidakamizwa ezilwa nokuvuvukala, i-IUD icatshangwa.
Ukuhlangana izifo zamehloezivame ukuthwala okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zifaka:
- entropy - ukusonteka kwejwabu leso, kubangele ukucasuka kwe-cornea, okudinga ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa;
- distichiasis (ukukhula okungalungile kwe-eyelashes), kuboniswa yizimpawu ezifanayo ne-entropy;
- keratoconjunctivitis - Ukomiswa kwamehlo amafinyila, okubangelwa ukwephulwa kwamapayipi e-lacrimal.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yesakhiwo sendlebe yangaphandle, abamele eminye imigqa yokuzalanisa bavame ukuba ne-otitis media - isifo se-etiology yokuvuvukala. Ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela nokujwayelekile kwamehlo wesilwane sakho, izindlebe nezinwele kulezi zindawo kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yezifo zamehlo nezindlebe.
Imfundo nokuqeqesha
Uhlamvu oluvulekile, ukuthintana, ubuhlakani, ubuhlakani obusheshayo, ukubuka kanye nenkumbulo enhle kakhulu ye-kerrick kumvumela ukuthi afinyelele ngokushesha empumelelweni ezinhlelweni zemfundo noqeqesho. Ngasohlangothini lomqeqeshi, ngaphezu kwendlela yokudala, kubalulekile ukukhombisa ukungaguquguquki, ukuqina, ukuzethemba, ubukhali obulinganiselayo ngesikhathi samakilasi, ukuze ingonakalisi inja, inkani yayo enenkani nokuthambekela kokungalaleli ngokwemvelo.
Umsebenzi wokulalela isilwane kufanele uqale ezinsukwini zokuqala zokubonakala komdlwane endlini: ama-kerry blues agcina imikhuba yawo asungulwe kuyo yonke impilo yabo, kusukela ebuntombini kuya ekugugeni. Uthando lukaCarrick, isibindi, ilukuluku, umsebenzi, oqondiswe ngosizo lwezindlela ezahlukahlukene zezindlela zokuqeqesha ngendlela efanele, yenza inja izinikele ngokuphelele ekusebenzeni futhi iqonde kahle inhloso yomsebenzi eyabelwe wona.
Okubalulekile! Ukujeziswa kanzima, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla emzimbeni kuzoholela eqinisweni lokuthi inenkani futhi ayilaleli ebuntwaneni, i-car blue iyoba yinja yabantu abadala enolaka, nolaka futhi engalawuleki ngokuphelele.
Ukuthwala okuqeqeshwe kahle uyakwazi ukubona izimfanelo zakhe zokuzala cishe kunoma yimuphi umsebenzi we-canine - amasiko, umngcele, ezokuphepha nezinsizakalo zokusesha nezokutakula, ukuzingela umdlalo (ukulandelela nokubuyisa), emincintiswaneni yezemidlalo - i-frisbee, ubugagu, i-freestyle, umjaho wesihlibhi ...
Inhlonipho kaCarrick nothando olungenamkhawulo kumnikazi ludinga ukuphindisela okuyimpoqo: ukunconywa, ukwamukelwa, ukukhuthazwa kuyizinto eziyingxenye yohlelo lokukhuliswa kwesilwane.... IKerry Blue Terrier ingaphendula kunoma iyiphi ingcindezi nobukhali kuye ngokwenqaba ngokuphelele ukwenza imiyalo.
Thenga iKerry Blue Terrier
Kunzima ukusho ukuthi bekuyini isizathu, umsebenzi onganele ekwandiseni i-Kerry Blue Terriers noma ukushoda kwabantu babantu abanegazi elihle kakhulu, kepha eRussia lolu hlobo lubhekwa njengokungajwayelekile.
Kubaluleke kakhulu, njengoba uthathe isinqumo sokuthenga umdlwane kaCarrick, zama ukufunda lonke ulwazi olutholakalayo ngalezi zinja, thola izeluleko eqenjini lokuzalela ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi wenze isinqumo esifanele. Izazi zamaCynologists zingancoma nezindlwana zezinja lapho kusebenza khona ukuzalanisa ngonembeza ngeKerry Blue.
Yini okufanele uyibheke
Zonke izingane ze-carrick zihle ngokulinganayo futhi ziyathandeka, ngakho-ke ukubukeka akuyona into enqumayo lapho ukhetha isilwane. Izinkomba zezempilo kufanele zibekwe eqhulwini:
- amehlo acwebile, anempilo ngaphandle kokukhipha;
- ikhala elimanzi ngokulinganisela ngaphandle kwama-crust omisiwe;
- ukukhuluphala okujwayelekile, hhayi isisu esiqunjelwe, esiqinile;
- ukungabi khona kwemikhondo yendle ketshezi ezungeze ingquza;
- kuhlanzekile, ngaphandle kwemihuzuko, amanxeba kanye nomkhondo wokulunywa ngama-parasite;
- nokunwebeka, ijazi elicwebezelayo.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuhlola izindatshana zomdlwane. Yize amathambo engane engakakhiwa ngokuphelele, iziphetho zokuqala zingadonswa, ngokwesibonelo, mayelana nobubanzi besifuba: ukuma kwezingalo zangaphambili ezidingekayo yindinganiso kuhlanganiswe ngokuqinile nale pharamitha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ivolumu yamaphaphu nayo ixhomeke kumthamo wesifuba: ukuphakama kwalesi sibonakaliso, kunciphisa ubungozi bokuchayeka kwesilwane ezifweni eziningi (kubandakanya isifo se-pneumonic).
Kuyathakazelisa! Kungakuhle ukwenqaba ukuthenga injana enesifuba esincane. Ukuma kwezitho zangemuva kufanele futhi kuhlolwe: kufanele kube ngokufana, ukuphambuka kungakhombisa ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi ama-rickets abe khona.
Ukushesha nokusebenza kubonisa isimo esihle somdlwane, ukunyakaza okubuthakathaka nokuvinjelwe kufanele kusethuse. Ngomdlwane obonisa ilukuluku, intshisekelo, ubungani kumnikazi ongaba khona, ukuxhumana kusungulwa ngokushesha, inqubo yokuzijabulisa yezilwane ezinjalo ilula.
Intengo kaKerry blue terrier puppy
Amanani okhakhayi abancane ancike esigabeni sesilwane esikhethiwe... Engabizi, cishe ama- $ 250, izobiza injanyana yesigaba "sesilwane". Ngeke abe ngumpetha wendandatho ngokuzayo, kepha ukuthembeka kwakhe kumnikazi kuqinisekisiwe. Ingane "yesigaba sokubonisa" ngokuzayo ingumnqobi nomklomelo wemiklomelo, izindleko zayo zingaphakathi kwama- $ 600. Okuphakeme kakhulu - kusuka ku- $ 800 kuya ku- $ 1500 - yintengo yesigaba sohlobo lweKerry Blue Terrier enedatha enhle kakhulu yezinhlobo, eyenzelwe umsebenzi wokuzalisa.
Ukubuyekezwa komnikazi
Imibono yabanikazi ngeKerry Blue Terriers yabo iyavumelana:
- abamele uhlobo ekahle ukugcina emndenini nezingane;
- lapho ubunzima bokuqala bokukhuliswa busemuva, inja ikhombisa zonke izimfanelo zomngane omuhle kakhulu;
- ezolile, enobungani ezimweni zakhe ezijwayelekile, ukuthwala esimweni esibucayi kuguqula masinyane kube ngumvikeli onesibindi, oqinile, lapho kunesidingo sakho;
- UCarrick ukhululekile kunoma yiziphi izimo uma kukhona umnikazi onothando eduze kwakhe;
- IKerry Blue Terrier isilwane esihlakaniphile futhi esizwelayo, umngani onokwethenjelwa impilo yonke.
