Izici nendawo okuhlala kuyo umbungu kasilika
Isibungu - owaziwayo isinambuzane... Izinhlobo zasendle zovemvane zaqala ukubonakala ezintabeni zaseHimalaya. Umbungu kasilika wafuywa isikhathi eside kakhulu - kusukela enkulungwaneni yesithathu yeminyaka BC.
Uthole udumo olukhulu maqondana nekhono eliyingqayizivele lokwenza imifece enjalo, okuyizinto zokusetshenziswa zokuthola usilika wangempela. Ukubusa kwentela kasilika - kungokwalolu hlobo lwe-Silkworms, umndeni weqiniso wegama elifanayo. Isibungu ungummeleli iqembu izimvemvane.
Indawo eyinhloko yalesi sinambuzane yizindawo eziseNingizimu-East Asia ezinesimo sezulu esishisayo. Kutholakala naseMpumalanga Ekude. Izikelemu zikhiqizwa ezifundeni eziningi, kodwa okuwukuphela kwesidingo ukuthi ama-mulberry kufanele ahlume kulezo zindawo, ngoba izibungu ze-silkworm zondla kuphela kuzo.
Umuntu omdala uyakwazi ukuphila izinsuku eziyi-12 kuphela, lapho engadli khona, ngoba engenawo ngisho umlomo. Ngokumangazayo, uvemvane lwesilkworm akakwazi ngisho nokundiza.
Esithombeni kuvemvane lesilika
Njengoba kungabonakala ku- photo, umsundu ibukeka ingabonakali futhi ibukeka njengenundu ejwayelekile kakhulu. Amaphiko ayo angamasentimitha ama-2 kuphela, futhi umbala wawo uyahlukahluka kusuka kokumhlophe kuye kokumpunga okukhanyayo. Inamapheya amabili, ambozwe ngobuningi ngama-bristles.
Indlela yokuphila yesilika
Umbungu kasilika uyinkathazo eyaziwayo engadini, njengoba izibungu zawo zinamandla kakhulu futhi zingalimaza kakhulu izitshalo zasengadini. Ukukuqeda akulula kangako, futhi kubalimi, ukubonakala kwalesi sinambuzane kuyinhlekelele yangempela.
Umjikelezo wempilo kasilika kufaka phakathi izigaba ezi-4 futhi cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Izimvemvane azisebenzi futhi zihlala ngokubeka amaqanda kuphela. Insikazi izalela amaqanda afinyelela ku-700 amise okweqanda. Inqubo yokubeka ingathatha izinsuku ezintathu.
Izinhlobo ze-Silkworm
Induna kasilikaehlala ehlathini. Amaphiko amnyama futhi amhlophe, izimpondo ezinama-sercing amade. Ukuzala kwenzeka kanye ngonyaka, ehlobo. Amacimbi ayingozi kakhulu kuma-conifers, beech, oki kanye ne-birch.
Ivemvane le-silkworm butter
I-ringed - ibizwa kanjalo ngenxa yesimo se-clutch - ngesimo seqanda. Bamba uqobo iqukethe amaqanda angamakhulu amathathu. Kuyisitha esikhulu semithi yama-apula. Umzimba wovemvane umbozwe ukukhanya okukhanyayo okusansundu. Umbungu kasilika oboshiwe - yimifece yakhe okuyizinto ezibonakalayo eziyinhloko zokukhiqiza usilika.
I-Butterfly ye-Silkworm eboshiwe
Umbungu kasilika - inkathazo yamaphayini. Umbala wamaphiko unombala onsundu, eduze kombala wegxolo likaphayini. Izimvemvane ezinkulu impela - abesifazane bafinyelela ephikweni lamaphiko afinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-9, abesilisa bancane.
Uphayini uvemvane lwesilkworm
Umbungu kasilika ongabhangqiwe - inkathazo eyingozi kakhulu, ngoba ingathinta izinhlobo zezitshalo ezingafika ku-300. Leli gama lingenxa yomehluko omkhulu phakathi kowesifazane nowesilisa ngokubukeka.
Unvemvane wesilkworm ongabhangqiwe
Ukudla okunomsoco
Idla kakhulu amaqabunga kamalibhele. Izibungu zinamandla amakhulu futhi zikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Bangadla amakhiwane, isinkwa nemithi yobisi, ama-ficuses nezinye izihlahla zalolu hlobo.
Ekuthunjweni, amaqabunga e-ulethisi kwesinye isikhathi ayadliwa, kepha lokhu kunomthelela omubi empilweni yesibungu, ngakho-ke kuzinga likakhokho. Okwamanje, ososayensi bazama ukudala ukudla okukhethekile kombungu kasilika.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila sempethu kasilika
Ukuzala kulesi sinambuzane kuyefana nakwezinye izimvemvane eziningi. Khonamanjalo, njengoba insikazi ibekela amaqanda, futhi ukubonakala kokuqala kwamacimbi cishe izinsuku eziyishumi.
Ngokuzalanisa okufakelwayo, izinga lokushisa lama-23-25 degrees libekelwe lokhu. Isibungu se-silkworm usuku ngalunye olulandelayo ludla ukudla okuningi nokuningi.
Esithombeni kukhona amacimbi wesilika
Ngosuku lwesihlanu, lesi sibungu siyeke ukondla, simise iqhwa, kuthi ngosuku olulandelayo, lapho sikhasa esikhunjeni esidala, siqale futhi ukudla. Ngakho-ke, kwenzeka ama-molts amane. Ekupheleni kwentuthuko, isibungu siphenduka inyanga eyodwa ubudala. Ngaphansi komhlathi wakhe ongezansi kukhona yona kanye ipapilla lapho kukhishwa khona intambo kasilika.
Intambo yesilikangaphandle kokuqina kwayo okuncane kakhulu, ikwazi ukumelana nama-gramu ayi-15 omthwalo. Ngisho nezibungu ezisanda kuzalwa zingakufihla. Imvamisa isetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokuhlenga - uma kwenzeka kuba nobungozi, isibungu singalenga kuso.
Esithombeni, intambo yombungu kasilika
Ekupheleni komjikelezo wayo wokuphila, isibungu sidla okuncane, futhi ekuqaleni kokwakhiwa kwamakhokho, ukudla kuyeka ngokuphelele. Ngalesi sikhathi, indlala ekhipha intambo kasilika igcwele kangangokuthi ihlala ifinyelela isibungu.
Ngasikhathi sinye, isibungu sikhombisa ukungazinzi, sizama ukuthola indawo yokwakha umfece - igatsha elincane. Umfece uthatha izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezine, futhi uthatha ikhilomitha lentambo kasilika.
Kunezimo lapho amacimbi amaningi ekhokha ufudu owodwa kubantu ababili noma abathathu noma abane, kepha lokhu akuvamile ukwenzeka. Ngokwakhe umfece wesilika inesisindo esingaba amagremu amathathu, iba ngamasentimitha amabili ubude, kepha ezinye izinhlobo zifinyelela kubude obufinyelela kumasentimitha ayisithupha.
Esithombeni kukhona umfece wesilika
Ziyahlukahluka ngesimo - ingaba yindilinga, i-oval, i-ovoid, noma icwecwe kancane. Umbala we-cocoon uvame ukuba mhlophe, kodwa kunezinhlobo ezinombala osondelene negolide, futhi ngisho nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Umbungu kasilika uyaqhekeka ngemuva kwamasonto angaba mathathu. Ayinawo umhlathi, ngakho-ke yenza umgodi ngamathe, odla ukhokho. Ngokuzala okuzenzakalelayo, iziphungumangathi ziyabulawa, uma kungenjalo umfece owonakele ngemuva kovemvane awukufanele ukuthola intambo kasilika. Kwamanye amazwe, i-moribund chrysalis ibhekwa njengesibiliboco.
Ukuzalaniswa kwesilika kusakazeke kabanzi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, amapulazi omshini akhiqizelwa ukukhiqizwa kwentambo, okuvela kuyo okwangempela usilika wesikelemu.
Kuthathwe ipulazi lentambo kasilika
Ukuhlangana kwamaqanda abekwe uvemvane lwesifazane kugcinwa ku-incubator kuze kuvele izibungu. Njengokudla, izibungu zithola ukudla okujwayelekile - amaqabunga kamalibhele. Yonke imingcele yomoya ilawulwa emagcekeni ukuze kuthuthukiswe ngempumelelo isibungu.
Umdanso wenzeka emagatsheni akhethekile. Lapho kwakhiwa umfece, abesilisa bakhipha intambo kasilika ethe xaxa, ngakho abalimi bezikelemu bazama ukwandisa inani labesilisa.
