Cishe isigamu esihle sabantu bomhlaba wethu asinandaba futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ngozwela olukhethekile, kulezi zilwane ezinolaka, ezikhazimulayo ezilethwe kithi zivela eqenjini elikude laseNingizimu Melika! Ungamangali ngokuthandwa kwalezi zilwane, ezingashintsha kalula amakati asekhaya. Zinhle futhi zibukeka kahle, zincane ngosayizi, la ma-chinchillas ahlekisayo abukeka kakhulu njengesikwele, yize enezindlebe njengonogwaja. Zingezokuhleleka kwamagundane atshisayo - ama-chinchillas. Ngokwemvelo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zalezi zilwane - ezinomsila omfishane futhi ezinomsila ojwayelekile, ezenzelwe ngokukhethekile uboya, emapulazini, noma ezigcinwe ekhaya njengezilwane ezifuywayo.
Izwekazi laseNingizimu Melika yindawo lapho kuzalwa khona i-chinchilla enoboya. Ngokuyinhloko, la magundane akhetha ukuhlala ezifundeni ezisenyakatho, okungamadwala, imithambeka emanzi, ehlala yomile futhi ebangeni elingafika kumamitha ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu ngaphezu kolwandle. Ama-chinchillas amaningi ahlekisayo atholakala ePeru, e-Argentina, kepha amaningi awo ahlala eBolivia nase-American Andes.
Umlando omncane
Ngenkathi bengazi lutho ngeNingizimu Melika, njengoba leli qembu lingazange lihlolisiswe ngokugcwele, abaningi bazama ukunqoba amapheshana avundile ale ngxenye yoMhlaba. Kaningi abaseSpain babehamba ngomkhumbi baye ogwini lwaseNingizimu Melika. Babesithanda kakhulu isimo sezulu sendawo, futhi ikakhulukazi izingubo ezazigqokwa ngabomdabu bendawo. Abanqobi baseSpain babethanda uboya obufudumele kakhulu kangangokuba banquma ezweni labo ukuzama ukuthunga izigqoko nezingubo ngoboya be-chinchilla. AbaseSpain baqamba uboya obuthi "chinchilla" ngokuhlonipha esinye sezizwe ezazikhona ngaleso sikhathi "shinshasa". Ngenkathi abaseSpain bethumela amakhilogremu woboya besuka eNingizimu Melika baya eYurophu, i-chinchilla yasendle yabazingeli bezomnotho yaqothulwa ngokushesha futhi ngokushesha, futhi kwacaca ukuthi kungekudala ama-chinchilla asendle azonyamalala ebusweni bomhlaba. Ngemuva kwalokho kwathathwa isinqumo sokuthatha lesi silwane siyohlala eYurophu, kodwa bambalwa abantu ababekwazi ukusinakekela, ngenxa yalokho izilwane zafa.
UMatthias Chapman ukwazile ukuthutha ama-chinchillas aluhlaza ukusuka ezintabeni kuya emaqenjini aseNyakatho Melika. Ekuqaleni, kwakufanele kuzalwe lezi zilwane zasendle ekhaya, kepha ngemuva kokuthi uChapman ethathe isinqumo sokuzifuya eMelika, njengezilwane ezinoboya obubaluleke kakhulu. Ngo-1923, imakethe yoboya yayivele isanda ngamandla, futhi uChapman wazibekela umgomo wokuletha izilwane eziningi ezivela emkhosini wasendle ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kamuva athole inzalo eningi kuzo. UChapman owayengunjiniyela wezimayini owake waphumelela waphumelela, futhi wakwazi ukuzala inzalo enempilo yama-chinchillas. Kamuva, abaningi balalela isibonelo sikaMatias, futhi e-United States baqala ukwakha amapulazi wonke wokuzalisa ama-chinchillas.
Incazelo ye-chinchilla
Ama-chinchillas anomsila omude yizilwane ezincane, ezingafinyeleli kumasentimitha angama-38 ubude, kanti umsila wazo ungamasentimitha ayishumi nesikhombisa ubude, awusekho. Intamo ifushane, ikhanda lesilwane liyindilinga, izindlebe zinde, zikhumbuza izindlebe zonogwaja. Umzimba wonke wesilwane umbozwe ngoboya obukhulu kakhulu, kuyilapho umsila we-chinchilla kuphela umbozwe izinwele ezimahloni kancane, kodwa bonke obunye uboya buthambile futhi buthibilika, buvikela isilwane ngezinsuku ezipholile. Ama-chinchillas abantu abadala awanaso ngisho isisindo sekhilogremu, amagremu angamakhulu ayisishiyagalombili kuphela. Isilwane ngasinye sinentshebe ende efinyelela ngamasentimitha ayishumi, amehlo makhulu, amnyama, kanti abafundi bame mpo. Ulwelwesi olukhethekile ezindlebeni ze-chinchilla lusiza ukuvikela esihlabathini esihle ukungena ngaphakathi.
Kuyathakazelisa! Amathambo egundane aklanywe ngendlela yokuthi angancipha lapho isilwane siyidinga.Kubona ingozi, i-chinchilla ingakhasa ize iye esikhaleni esincane kakhulu esisentabeni enamadwala. Kuneminwe emihlanu ezithweni zangaphansi ezincane zesilwane. Iminwe yokuqala emi-4 iyabamba, isilwane asisebenzisi umunwe owodwa osele, kodwa sikhulu ngokuphindwe kabili kuneminwe yokuqala emihlanu noma emine. Imilenze yangemuva isivele ineminwe emine futhi mide kakhulu kunaleyo yangaphambili. Ngenxa yemilenze yangemuva, i-chinchilla yenza ukweqa okude kuye phambili. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi kuma-chinchillas i-cerebellum ithuthukiswe kahle kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi ama-chinchillas anokuxhumana okuhle kakhulu, futhi izilwane zihamba ngokukhululeka nangokuphepha emithambekeni enamadwala ezintaba.
Endle, ama-chinchillas aluhlaza aphila iminyaka eyi-18 kuye kwengu-19. Izilwane eziningi zinombala ojwayelekile, onomlotha, kanti isisu sinobisi, simhlophe.
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
UChinchilla uyisilwane esimnene, esinothando nesifuna ngenkani. Ekuthunjweni, lesi silwane sihlala sizizwa sinamahloni futhi singathandeki, ngakho-ke ukusenza sithande nawe, qala ngokumhlomela indlu. Khumbula ukuthi igumbi lalesi silwane esintofontofo, esihlekisayo kufanele sithokomele, sikhanyise futhi singene umoya kahle. Ukuze wenze lokhu, faka umoya opholile endlini ukuze i-chinchilla ihlale inomoya owanele. Uma kunokwenzeka, thenga ikheji elikhethekile lesilwane elizokwazi ukuhlangabezana nazo zonke izidingo zalo. I-aviary entofontofo, eyomile enomoya omuhle izonikeza i-chinchilla yakho impilo ende, enempilo, nenhle kakhulu ekhaya lakho.
Lapho uthenga ikheji, landela le mithetho elula.
- Okokuqala nje, ikheji akufanele likhulu kakhulu uma ungahleleli ukuzala ama-chinchillas amancane, kepha liqukethe owesilisa noma owesifazane oyedwa kuphela. Kodwa-ke, uma inhloso yokuthenga i-chinchilla ukuzala nokuzala kwenzalo, kufanele unakekele isibani, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ikheji eliphansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ngemuva kwakho konke, kusukela ekuzalweni kwabo, ama-chinchillas amancane ashesha kakhulu, alala kancane futhi athanda ukukhuphuka ehokweni kakhulu, futhi ukuze amawundlu angalimali ngengozi lapho ekhuphuka futhi ewa ngengozi, bese ewa phansi, akufanele azilimaze.
- Okwesibili, uma uthatha isinqumo sokungathengi esisodwa, kodwa ama-chinchillas amabili noma amathathu, qiniseka ukuthi uhlomisa i-aviary ebanzi, ebanzi kubo. Ukuphakama kwekheji akulona ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angamashumi amahlanu, futhi osayizi abangama-90 ngabangu-70 bazosiza.
- Okwesithathu, i-aviary kufanele yenziwe ngohlaka lwensimbi olunamaseli owodwa nohhafu kuya kwelilodwa nengxenye (phansi kwekheji) nezindonga ezi-2x2 ezinhlangothini, kanye nophahla. Futhi, uma kungenzeka, hlomela ugqoko wensimbi odonsa ngaphakathi kwesibaya sesilwane (lokhu kungaba yinsimbi ejwayelekile yensimbi, noma okungcono, okuqinile, nensimbi ehlala njalo). Fafaza i-sawdust enhle kule pallet. Ama-Chinchillas anomona kakhulu ngenhlanzeko, ngakho-ke awakwazi ukumelana nephunga elinamandla. Kungakuhle ukuthi ushintshe okombhede bokushefa masonto onke.
- Okwesine, impela esibayeni se-chinchilla exotic, kufanele kube khona izinti zokhuni ezingamasentimitha ayishumi nanhlanu, izilwane zizolala kuzo. Kulabo abathanda ukwenza ubuciko bokhuni, bangenza isitebhisi sokhuni esimnandi noma umhubhe wesilwane sabo esinoboya, ukuze izilwane zibe nokuthile okumele zikwenze nokuthi zicashe kuphi uma zingabona ingozi izuma.
- Futhi okwesihlanu, ekhejini elihlonyelwe ngokukhethekile igundane, faka okokuziphakela okwehlukile kokudla nokuphuza. Kungcono ukunamathisela emnyango wendlu ye-chinchilla noma odongeni lwangaphambili usebenzisa intaba ekhethekile yensimbi. Kuhle ukuthi esikhathini sethu, abaphuzayo abacatshangelwe ngokukhethekile ama-chinchillas bathengiswa ezitolo zezilwane. Izitsha zokuphuza ikakhulukazi zenziwe ngepulasitiki ngenduku yomthofu. Ubude besiphuzi ngamasentimitha ayisithupha.
Ukudla nokudla
Ama-chinchillas angamagundane we-herbivorous; azothanda noma yikuphi ukudla. Isisekelo sokudla kwalezi zilwane ezithandekayo imbewu, utshani, izitshalo, izihlahla, ubhontshisi. Abazideleli izinambuzane ezincane, izinambuzane.
Uma uke wondla onogwaja, ngakho-ke akufanele kube nzima kuwe ukuthi uphe ama-chinchillas aluhlaza, badla into efanayo. Izitolo zezilwane zithengisa ukudla okhethekile okuhlukahlukene kwama-chinchillas. Ehlobo, amagundane asekhaya azozijabulela ngentokozo izithelo ezinoshukela, omisiwe, amabhilikosi omisiwe, ama-hazelnut noma ama-walnuts. Uma isinkwa esomile silele nxazonke, ungagijimeli ukusipha, ukhubaze i-chinchilla, ziyakuthanda okusanhlamvu. Ukwandisa ukungatheleleki kwama-chinchillas, engeza i-barberry, ama-rose hips ekudleni kwabo. Futhi ukuze konke kuhambisane nezitho zokugaya ukudla zalezi zilwane, kanye ngosuku ehlobo, hlanganisa amaqabunga edandelion, kepha abune kancane, nokudla. Ama-legumes kanye ne-clover kungcono kunikezwe owomile, ngoba okuluhlaza kuyingozi kuma-chinchillas futhi kungadala ukuqunjelwa.
Ukudla okuyinhloko kwama-fluff exotic yi-chinchillas - hay, omisiwe kusuka otshanini obuhlukahlukene. Phaka utshani obuluhlaza kuphela obusha, hhayi obumanzi nephunga lotshani.
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwe-chinchillas
Lapho uthenga ama-chinchillas othando wokuzala nokuzala okulandelayo, khumbula ukuthi ukuthomba kwabesifazane kuqala ngaphambi kwabesilisa. Abesifazane bangathola inzalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, kanti abesilisa bavuthwa ngokuphelele ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalolunye. Umjikelezo wezocansi kwabesifazane uhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwenyanga, i-estrus - kufika ezinsukwini ezine.
I-chinchilla yesifazane ithwala ingane ngokwesilinganiso sezinyanga eziyi-3.5, kungalezi zinyanga lapho isilwane sidinga ukondliwa okwandisiwe. Thenga i-chinchilla yakho phakathi nalesi sikhathi ukudla okusanhlamvu okuningi, engeza amavithamini ekudleni kwansuku zonke, ikakhulukazi uma isilwane sikhulelwe okokuqala.
Ama-chinchillas awanawo amawundlu amaningi, 1 noma 2, kwesinye isikhathi 3, kepha kuyaqabukela. Futhi ngemuva kokukhulelwa, amaqanda aqhubeka nokukhula, ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukuthi i-chinchilla yakho ibuyise inzalo futhi, thatha eyeduna kuyo ungambeki kuphela ehhokweni elihlukile, kodwa futhi umbeka egumbini elihlukile. Futhi uma uphupha ngenzalo enempilo nenqwaba yama-chinchillas, khona-ke owesilisa kufanele abe seduze kowesifazane wakhe, ngoba, ngokungafani namagundane amaningi, ama-chinchillas wesilisa ayazwela kuma-chinchillas awo.
Ama-chinchillas yizilwane ezihlekisa kakhulu futhi ezihlekisa kakhulu. Banikeze ubuncane besikhathi sakho, ubaphathe ngesineke bese kuthi iminyaka eminingi ube nomngane wangempela onoboya, onomusa nothando!
