I-salmon yeSockeye iyinhlanzi yomndeni wama-salmon, uhlobo lohlobo lwe-salmon futhi ehlala kuphela emgodini wasePacific. Le yinhlanzi yezentengiselwano ebaluleke kakhulu, enentshisekelo kubo bobabili abadobi kanye nabachwepheshe.
Incazelo yesalmon ye-sockeye
I-salmon yeSockeye iyinhlanzi ethomalisayo... Ngenkathi esemncane futhi ehlala emfuleni wamanzi angenasawoti, unombala ompunga osagolide. Uqala ukufiphala ngeminyaka. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi idla kakhulu ama-crustaceans aqukethe i-carotene. Iba bomvu ngokwengeziwe njengoba iya olwandle. Akuyona inhlanzi enkulu kakhulu yama-salmon, kepha noma kunjalo, ithathwa njengenye yezinambitheka kakhulu.
Ukubukeka
Ngokubukeka, ama-salmon e-sockeye afana nesalmon ye-chum, ngakho-ke abantu abangenalwazi bavame ukubadida. Zihlukile kunani lama-gill stamens; kunesalmon ye-sockeye kuneziningi zazo. Umzimba we-salmon ye-sockeye unesakhiwo se-angular futhi ucindezelwe kancane kusuka ezinhlangothini; ikhanda liyindilinga. Ubude bezinhlanzi busuka kumasentimitha angama-50 kuye kwangama-80. Eziduna zinkulu futhi zikhanya kakhulu kunezesifazane. Isisindo esimaphakathi esingu-3.5-5 kg. Ubukhulu obukhulu oburekhodiwe besalmon ye-sockeye bungu-110 cm nesisindo esingu-7.5 kg.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngokuvamile, isisindo nobukhulu be-sockeye buxhomeke echibini lapho izinhlanzi zivela khona.
Njengezinhlobo eziningi zezinhlanzi ze-salmon, i-sockeye salmon inombala obomvu kancane oba namandla kakhulu ngenkathi yokukhwelana. Ngakho-ke, umbala walezi zinhlanzi uncike kakhulu endaweni yokuhlala nasekondleni.
Ukuziphatha kwezinhlanzi
I-salmon yeSockeye, njengazo zonke izinhlobo ze-salmon, ingeyezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ze-anadromous. Le nhlanzi izalelwa emachibini, kwesinye isikhathi ezindaweni eziphezulu zemifula. Ngemuva kokuchitha isikhathi esithile sempilo ezindaweni zokuzalela futhi sesikhulile kancane, futhi sekunamandla, isalmon encane iqala ukuhamba kancane iye emilonyeni yomfula. Lapho, i-salmon ye-sockeye eneminyaka emibili ubudala ingena emihlanjini emincane, ngemuva kwalokho ingene olwandle oluvulekile ukuze ikhuluphale.
Ukufuqa kuyisici esibalulekile sokuphepha, ngoba kwandisa kakhulu amathuba okusinda endaweni yasolwandle eyingozi. Ngaphambi kokungena emaphaketheni, uphila impilo eyimfihlo. Olwandle, i-sockeye salmon ihlala futhi ikhuluphele ize ibe neminyaka engu-4 ubudala, kuthi lapho ifinyelela ebusheni, eyenzeka eminyakeni engama-4-5 ubudala, i-sockeye iqala ukuhambela kolunye uhlangothi emfuleni iqhubekele ezindaweni zokuzalela.
Kuyathakazelisa! I-Sockeye ingenye yalezi zinhlobo zezinhlanzi, ezinomzwelo oqinile ngokwedlulele ekhaya - izinhlanzi zihlala zibuyele hhayi nje echibini lakubo lapho zazalelwa khona, kodwa ngqo endaweni ngqo lapho zizalelwa khona. Ngemuva kokuthi i-sockeye salmon imaka amaqanda, iyafa.
Isikhathi sokuphila
Isikhathi sokuphila salmon se-sockeye sincike ekutheni sikhula nini.... Lokhu kuvame ukuvela eminyakeni engu-4-6 ubudala. Endleleni, ulindelwe izingozi eziningi: lawa ngamatshe abukhali, onqenqemeni lwawo lapho umuntu angathola khona ukulimala okubulalayo kanye nezilwane eziningi, lapho izinhlanzi ziba isisulu esilula.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-salmon ifeze umsebenzi wayo wemvelo, iyafa. Ngakho-ke, ngaphansi kwezimo ezinhle kakhulu, isikhathi sokuphila sale nhlanzi yiminyaka emi-5-6. Izinhlobo zeSockeye ezikhuliselwe ekuthunjweni zihlala isikhathi eside, kuze kube yiminyaka eyi-7-8. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lapho abanazo izitha zemvelo futhi bondla ngobuningi.
Izinhlobo zeSockeye
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-salmon ye-sockeye. Ezinye zazo azingeni nhlobo olwandle. Bachitha impilo yabo yonke echibini elifanayo. Inani lamaqanda abanalo lingaba ngu-3-5 empilweni. I-Anadromous, izinhlobo ezidume kakhulu zale nhlanzi zibizwa nangokuthi i-red salmon, noma i-salmon ebomvu.
Futhi, kukhona nefomu lokuhlala echibini, elibizwa ngokuthi i-kokani, lolu uhlobo oluzikhiqizayo lwasalmon we-sockeye. Ifomu lokuhlala elifushane le-salmon ye-sockeye, elitholakala emachibini aseKamchatka, eNyakatho Melika naseJapan. Ayiyi olwandle, futhi ukuzala kwayo kwenzeka ngasikhathi sinye nobomvana, nabantu bayo abafushane bahlanganyela ezindaweni ezizalela kuzo.
Kuyathakazelisa! I-salmon yeSockeye idlula isuka ku-anadromous iye endaweni yokuhlala, inqobo nje uma kunokudla okwanele echibini lokuhlala unomphela emanzini alo.
Zonke izinhlobo ze-sockeye zibalulekile ochungechungeni lokudla kwabakhileyo kulezi zindawo. I-salmon ebomvu kuphela ebaluleke ngokuhweba kubantu. Zonke ezinye izinhlobo zinentshisekelo ikakhulukazi kubathandi bezokudoba.
Indawo yokuhlala, izindawo zokuhlala
I-salmon ebomvu esakazeke kakhulu yatholakala ngasogwini lwase-Alaska. Futhi, abantu abaningi batholakala eduze kweBerengov Strait eNyakatho California, kungasakhulunywa kangako ngasohlangothini lwe-Arctic olusogwini lwaseCanada naseCommander Islands.
Ensimini yaseRussia, le nhlanzi itholakala eKamchatka, ogwini olusentshonalanga nasempumalanga. Esifundeni seziQhingi zaseKuril, kunezinhlanzi eziningi ze-sockeye emanzini ase-Iturup Island. E-Chukotka, i-sockeye salmon isakazeke cishe kuyo yonke imizimba yamanzi. Emanzini esiqhingini saseJapan iHokkaido, uhlobo olufushane lwalesi silwanyana lusakazekile.
Ukudla, ukudla okunomsoco
I-salmon yeSockeye iyinhlanzi ekhiqiza yonke into enokuziphatha okuphikisayo... Ukudla kwamafry ku-zooplankton. I-salmon ye-sockeye yabantu abadala iyinhlanzi edle kakhulu, ingxenye eyinhloko yokudla kwayo ngama-crustaceans amancane, ama-molluscs nezinhlanzi. Bangasebenzisa futhi izinambuzane njengokudla. Lokhu ngukudla okunamafutha amaningi, okunekhalori eliningi futhi inhlanzi ikhula ibe nkulu ngokushesha okukhulu. I-salmon yeSockeye ihlukaniswa ngokukhuthazela okungavamile futhi ingahamba ngaphandle kokudla isikhathi eside. Isu lakhe lonke lincike ekusebenziseni umzamo omncane lapho uzingela.
Ukuzalela kweSockeye
Ngemuva kokuthi i-sockeye salmon ifinyelele ebusheni, isilungele ukukhiqiza kabusha. Uqala ukuya ezindaweni zakubo ngoMeyi, futhi lesi sikhathi sithatha izinyanga ezimbili kuya kwezi-3. Abantu bahlukaniswe ngamabili, bese befuna indawo efanelekayo yokuhlela isidleke. Isidleke esakhiwe sinomumo we-oval onokudangala okuncane kuze kufike kumasentimitha ayi-15-30.
Lokhu kwanele ukuvikela amaqanda kubathandi bezilwane ezilula. Ekujuleni okunjalo, ibhere ngeke linuke i-caviar, futhi izinyoni ngeke zikwazi ukuyithola. I-caviar yesalmon yabesifazane igqamile ngokubomvu, inani elijwayelekile lamaqanda ngamaqanda ayi-3000. Amafry azalwa ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-7-8. Imvamisa lokhu kwenzeka ngasekupheleni kobusika.
Amanye amaqanda akhukhulwa ahanjiswe nomsinga wamanje, amanye awo akwazi ukufinyelela olwandle. Kulabo gazinga abakwazile ukuzalwa, akubona bonke abasinda babe ngabantu abadala.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo nehlobo, gazinga lithola isisindo bese liya olwandle, lapho bondla khona ubukhulu. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4-6, konke kuyaphindwa futhi.
Izitha zemvelo
Isitha esikhulu semvelo salmon ye-sockeye, kungakhathalekile isikhathi sonyaka, ngabantu... Njengoba lena kuyinhlanzi yokuhweba ebaluleke kakhulu, ibanjwa ngenkuthalo esikalini sezimboni. Izinhlobo ezinkulu zezinhlanzi nezinyoni ezidla ezinye ziyingozi enkulu ezinganeni.
Ngesikhathi sokuzala, amabhere, amahlosi nezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye ziyingozi enkulu kuso. Izinhlanzi ezikhathele zingaba yizisulu ngisho nakwezidliwayo ezincane kanye nezikhuphashe ezinkulu eza edilini kanye ngonyaka.
Mangisho ukuthi zimbalwa izinhlanzi ezifika egoli, zifa ngobuningi ngenxa yezilwane ezidla ezinye futhi zihlephula amatshe. Enye ingozi ye-salmon ye-sockeye akuyona ukudoba kwezimboni, kepha abazingeli abangekho emthethweni, ngalesi sikhathi izinhlanzi zingabanjwa ngokoqobo ngesandla. Lokhu kudala umonakalo omkhulu kubantu.
Inani lokuhweba
Ngokuphathelene nokubamba okuphelele, i-sockeye salmon ibambelela endaweni yesibili ngemuva kwe-chum salmon futhi isebenza njengento ebaluleke kakhulu yokudoba kwendawo.
Kuyathakazelisa! Itholakala ikakhulukazi ngamanetha angaguquguquki nacijile, amanetha agelezayo. Ukubanjwa ngasogwini lwaseMelika kuphakeme kakhulu kunokwase-Asia. Izinhlobo ze-salmon ze-Sockeye njengamanje zenziwa ngendlela yokwenziwa eJapan.
Inyama yeSockeye inamafutha kakhulu, i-sockeye salmon ekhuluphele ingeyesibili kune-chavycha, okuqukethwe kwayo okunamafutha kusuka ku-7 kuye ku-11%. Ukudla okusemathinini kubhekwa njengokuhamba phambili phakathi kwesalmon yasePacific. Inyama yale nhlanzi inambitheka ephezulu futhi iqukethe amavithamini amaningi nezinto eziwusizo kubantu.
I-Sockeye caviar yinhle ekuqaleni kuphela, njengoba ithola ngokushesha ukunambitheka okumunyu, ngakho-ke iphansi ngekhwalithi kune-caviar yamanye ama-salmon asePacific. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukuyisebenzisa ngokushesha, hhayi ukuyigcina. Ibukeka ilula ukuyihlukanisa, incane futhi inombala ogqamile obomvu.
Inani labantu kanye nesimo sezinhlobo
Isikhathi eside i-sockeye salmon yayinehlobo lohlobo oluvikelwe... Ngakho-ke ngo-2008, ezifundeni eziningi, i-sockeye salmon yayibhekwa njengezilwane ezingasekho. Izindlela zokonga ezithathwe nguhulumeni zivumele ukuthi kususwe lesi simo. Kodwa-ke, isekhona ingozi, umthelela omubi kakhulu kusayizi wabantu unikezwa ukungcola kwemvelo nokuzingela ngokungemthetho.
