Akukacaci namanje ukuthi kungani le mfezi yethiwa igama elithi eyasebukhosini. Mhlawumbe kungenxa yobukhulu bayo obukhulu (4-6 m), oyihlukanisa nezinye izimfene, noma ngenxa yomkhuba wokuqhosha wokudla ezinye izinyoka, ukudelela amagundane amancane, izinyoni namaxoxo.
Incazelo yemfezi yenkosi
Kungenxa yomndeni we-asps, owakha owayo (wegama elifanayo) uhlobo nezinhlobo - inkosi yezimfezi. Uyazi ukuthi, uma kwenzeka kuba nengozi, angadudula kanjani izimbambo zesifuba ukuze umzimba ongaphezulu uphenduke uhlobo lwe-hood... Le nkohliso yentamo efuthelene ingenxa yesikhumba semiphetho elenga phansi ezinhlangothini zentamo. Phezulu kwekhanda lenyoka kunendawo encane eyisicaba, amehlo mancane, imvamisa amnyama.
AmaPutukezi afika eNdiya ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-16 amnika igama elithi "cobra". Ekuqaleni, babiza umbukwane ngokuthi "inyoka esigqokweni" ("cobra de cappello"). Ngemuva kwalokho isidlaliso salahlekelwa yingxenye yesibili futhi sanamathela kuwo wonke amalungu ohlobo.
Phakathi kwabo, abakwa-herpetologists babiza inyoka uHana, kusukela egameni layo lesiLatini elithi Ophiophagus hannah, bese behlukanisa izilwane ezihuquzelayo ngamaqembu amabili amakhulu ahlukene:
- Izwekazi / Chinese - ngemivimbo ebanzi nephethini elinganayo emzimbeni wonke;
- insular / indonesian - abantu abane-monochromatic abanemichilo ebomvu ngokungafani emqaleni nangemivimbo elula (emincane) enqamulelayo.
Kuzoba mnandi: Imfezi yaseChina
Ngombala wenyoka esencane, sekuvele kungenzeka ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi kulezi zinhlobo ezimbili okungezabo: abasha beqembu lase-Indonesia bakhombisa imivimbo ekhanyayo eguqukayo ejoyina izingcwecwe zesisu emzimbeni. Kukhona, nokho, umbala ophakathi nendawo ngenxa yemingcele efiphele phakathi kwezinhlobo. Umbala wesikali ngemuva uncike endaweni yokuhlala futhi ungaba ophuzi, onsundu, oluhlaza okotshani nomnyama. Izikali ezingaphansi kaningi zivame ukuba lula ngombala kanye no-beige osakhilimu.
Kuyathakazelisa! Imfezi yenkosi iyakwazi ukubhonga. Umsindo onjengokubhonga uphunyuka emphinjeni lapho inyoka ithukuthele. Ithuluzi le- “roar” ejulile laryngeal yi-tracheal diverticula, ezwakala kumaza aphansi. Kuyindida, kepha enye inyoka "yenyoka" yinyoka eluhlaza, evame ukuwela etafuleni likaHana lesidlo sakusihlwa.
Habitat, habitats of the king cobra
I-Southeast Asia (izwe elaziwayo lawo wonke ama-aspids), kanye neNingizimu Asia, sekuyindawo ejwayelekile yenkosi yemfezi. Lesi silwane esihuquzelayo sahlala emahlathini emvula asePakistan, ePhilippines, eningizimu yeChina, eVietnam, e-Indonesia naseNdiya (eningizimu yamaHimalaya).
Njengoba kwenzeka ngenxa yokulandela ngomkhondo ngosizo lwe-beacon yomsakazo, abanye o-hann abaze bashiye izindawo abahlala kuzo, kepha ezinye zezinyoka ziyafuduka, zihambisa amashumi amakhilomitha.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, oHanns baye baqhubeka nokuzinza eduze kwezindlu zabantu. Lokhu kungenxa yentuthuko ese-Asia yokukhiqiza okukhulu kwezolimo, ngezidingo zazo kunqunywa amahlathi, lapho kusetshenziswa khona izimfene.
Ngasikhathi sinye, ukunwetshwa kwezindawo ezilinyiwe kuholela ekukhiqizweni kwamagundane, kuheha izinyoka ezincane, inkosi cobra ethanda ukuzidla.
Ukulindela kanye nendlela yokuphila
Uma imfezi yenkosi ingaweli ezinjeni lomongo, ingahlala iminyaka engama-30 noma ngaphezulu. Lesi silwane esihuquzelayo sikhula phakathi nempilo yaso ende, sincibilika izikhathi ezine kuye kweziyisithupha ngonyaka. IMolting ithatha cishe izinsuku eziyi-10 futhi inengcindezi emzimbeni wenyoka: UHana uba sengozini futhi afune indawo yokuhlala efudumele, evame ukudlalwa izindlu zabantu.
Kuyathakazelisa!Imfezi yenkosi ikhasa phansi, icashe emigodini / emihumeni naseziqwini zezihlahla. Abazibonele bathi nesirhubuluzi lesi sibhukuda kahle.
Abantu abaningi bayazi ngekhono lephimpi ukuthatha ukuma okuqondile, basebenzise kuze kufike ku-1/3 lomzimba wayo.... Ukuzulazula okuyisimanga okunjalo akuvimbeli imfezi ekuhambeni, futhi kusebenza njengethuluzi lokulawula izimfene ezingomakhelwane. Umnqobi ungomunye wezilwane ezihuquzelayo eziphakama phezulu futhi uzokwazi "ukubamba" umphikisi wakhe phezulu kwekhanda. Imfezi ehlazekile iguqula ukuma kwayo okumi mpo iye enhla bese ihlehla ngokungahloniphi.
Izitha zenkosi cobra
UHana ngokungangabazeki unobuthi obedlulele, kodwa hhayi ongafi. Futhi unezitha eziningana zemvelo, ezibandakanya:
- izingulube zasendle;
- izinkozi ezidla izinyoka;
- ama-meerkats;
- mongooses.
Laba ababili bokugcina abayiniki imfezi yenkosi ithuba lokusindiswa, yize ingenalo igciwane elizalwa nalo lobuthi benkosi. Kufanele bathembele kuphela ekuphenduleni nasekhonweni labo, okungajwayelekile ukubahluleka. I-mongoose, lapho ibona imfezi, ingena enjabulweni yokuzingela futhi ingaphuthelwa yithuba lokuyihlasela.
Isilwane sazi ngobuthakathaka bukaHana ngakho-ke sisebenzisa iqhinga elenziwe kahle: gxuma, gxuma, futhi uphinde ugijimele empini. Ngemuva kochungechunge lokuhlaselwa ngamanga, kulandela umbani owodwa oluma ngemuva kwekhanda olandelayo, okuholele ekufeni kwenyoka.
Izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezinkulu zisongela inzalo yakhe. Kodwa umqothuli onesihluku kakhulu wemfezi yenkosi kwakuyindoda ebulala futhi icuphe lezi zinyoka.
Ukudla, ukubamba imfezi yenkosi
Uthole igama lesayensi u-Ophiophagus hannah ("odla izinyoka") ngenxa yezimpawu zakhe ezingajwayelekile zokudla. UHana ngenjabulo enkulu udla uhlobo lwazo - izinyoka ezinjenge-boygi, ama-keffiys, izinyoka, ama-pythons, ama-kraits kanye nezimfene. Kancane kakhulu, i-king cobra ifaka izibankwa ezinkulu, kufaka phakathi izibankwa, kwimenyu yayo. Kwezinye izimo, inyamazana yemfezi ngamazinyane ayo..
Ekuzingeleni, inyoka ishiywa yiphlegm yayo yemvelo: ijaha isisulu ngokushesha, iqale isibambe ngomsila, bese izika amazinyo ayo abukhali eduze kwekhanda (indawo esengozini kakhulu). UHannah ubulala inyamazane yakhe ngokuluma, ejova ubuthi obunamandla emzimbeni wakhe. Amazinyo e-cobra mafushane (ama-5mm kuphela): awagoqeki, njengezinye izinyoka ezinobuthi. Ngenxa yalokhu, uHana akakhawuleli ekulungeni ngokushesha, kepha uyaphoqeleka, ephethe isisulu, ukuba asilume kaningana.
Kuyathakazelisa! ICobra ayihlushwa ukuminza futhi imelana nesiteleka sendlala ende (cishe izinyanga ezintathu): njengoba nje kuyithatha ukuthi ichamisele inzalo.
Inyoka yokuzala
Abesilisa balwela insikazi (ngaphandle kokulunywa), bese eya kumnqobi, noma kunjalo, ongadla nalowo okhethiwe uma esevele efakwe umanyolo othile. Ukuya ocansini kwandulelwe ukuqomisana okufishane, lapho umlingani kumele aqinisekise ukuthi intombi ayiyibulali (lokhu kuyenzeka futhi). Ukukhwelana kuthatha ihora, kuthi emva kwenyanga, insikazi izalela amaqanda (20-40) esidlekeni esakhiwe ngaphambilini, esakhiwa ngamagatsha namaqabunga.
Lesi sakhiwo, esifinyelela kumamitha amahlanu ububanzi, sakhiwa egqumeni ngenhloso yokugwema izikhukhula ngesikhathi semvula enamandla... Izinga lokushisa elidingekayo (+ 26 + 28) ligcinwa ngokwanda / ukwehla kwevolumu yamahlamvu abolayo. Umbhangqwana oshadile (okuyi-atypical for asps) ungene esikhundleni somunye nomunye, uvikele i-clutch. Ngalesi sikhathi, zombili izimfene zithukuthele ngokweqile futhi ziyingozi.
Ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwezingane, insikazi ikhasa isidleke ukuze ingazidli ngemuva kwesiteleka sezinsuku eziyi-100 sokulamba. Njengoba ichanyuselwe, le "nsizwa" idla nxazonke zesidleke cishe usuku lonke, idla izinsalela zezikhupha zamaqanda. Izinyoka ezisencane zinoshevu ngendlela efanayo nabazali bazo, kepha lokhu akubasindisi ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ezizingelayo. Ezinganeni ezingama-25 ezisanda kuzalwa, u-1-2 cobras usinda aze abe mdala.
Ukulunywa yimfezi, ukuthi ubuthi busebenza kanjani
Ngokumelene nesizinda sobuthi bezizukulwane ezivela kuhlobo lweNaja, ubuthi be-king cobra bubukeka bungenabuthi obuningi, kepha buyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yesilinganiso sayo (kufika ku-7 ml). Lokhu kwanele ukuthumela indlovu emhlabeni olandelayo, futhi ukufa komuntu kwenzeka ngekota yehora. Umphumela we-neurotoxic wobuthi uzibonakalisa ngobuhlungu obunzima, ukwehla okukhulu embonweni nokukhubazeka... Bese kulandela ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, ikhoma nokufa.
Kuyathakazelisa! Ngokumangazayo, kepha eNdiya, lapho kufa khona cishe abantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-50 bezwe minyaka yonke ngenxa yokulunywa izinyoka ezinobuthi, inani elincane kakhulu lamaNdiya libulawa ukuhlaselwa yi-king cobra.
Ngokwezibalo, kuphela u-10% wokulunywa nguHana obulala umuntu, okuchazwa yizici ezimbili zokuziphatha kwakhe.
Okokuqala, yinyoka enesineke kakhulu, elungele ukuvumela lowo ozayo ukuthi ayiphuthe ngaphandle kokulimaza impilo yayo. Udinga nje ukusukuma / uhlale phansi ukuze ube semgqeni wamehlo akhe, unganyakazi ngokuqinile futhi uphefumule ngomoya ophansi, ngaphandle kokubheka eceleni. Ezimweni eziningi, imfezi iyabaleka, ingaboni usongo kumhambi.
Okwesibili, i-king cobra iyakwazi ukulawula ukuhamba kobuthi ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa: ivala amapayipi wezindlala ezinobuthi, ithola imisipha ekhethekile. Inani lobuthi obukhishwe lincike ebungako besisulu futhi imvamisa lidlula umthamo obulalayo.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ngenkathi isabisa umuntu, isilwane esihuquzelayo asiqinisi ukulunywa ngomjovo onoshevu. Izazi zezinto eziphilayo zikholelwa ukuthi inyoka igcina ubuthi ekuzingeleni, ingafuni ukuyimosha ingenzi lutho.
Ukugcina imfezi yenkosi ekhaya
Izazi ze-Herpetologists zibheka le nyoka njengethakazelisa kakhulu futhi ingavamile, kepha bayeluleka abaqalayo ukuthi bacabange izikhathi eziyikhulu ngaphambi kokuyiqala ekhaya. Ubunzima obukhulu bulele ekujwayeleni i-king cobra ekudleni okusha: ngeke uyondle ngezinyoka, izinhlwathi nokuqapha izibankwa.
Futhi inketho yesabelomali (amagundane) igcwele ubunzima obuthile:
- ngokudla isikhathi eside kwamagundane, ukwanda kwesibindi kungenzeka;
- amagundane njengokudla, ngokusho kochwepheshe abathile, kuthinta kabi imisebenzi yokuzala yenyoka.
Kuyathakazelisa!Ukuguqula imfezi ibe ngamagundane kudla isikhathi esiningi futhi kungenziwa ngezindlela ezimbili. Ekuqaleni, isirhubuluzi sondliwa ngezinyoka ezithungwe ngemidlwane yamagundane, kancane kancane sinciphise inani lenyama yenyoka. Indlela yesibili ifaka ukugeza isidumbu segundane iphunga nokusihlikihla ngocezu lwenyoka. Amagundane akhishwa njengokudla.
Izinyoka ezindala zidinga i-terrarium okungenani u-1.2 m ubude. Uma imfezi inkulu - ingafika kumamitha ama-3 (izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zineziqukathi ezanele ezingama-30-40 cm ubude). Ukuze terrarium udinga ukulungiselela:
- ama-driftwood / amahlumela (ikakhulukazi ezinyoka ezincane);
- isitsha esikhulu sokuphuza (imfezi iphuza kakhulu);
- substrate ezansi (sphagnum, kakhukhunathi noma iphephandaba).
Bona futhi: Ungaba nenyoka enjani ekhaya
Gcina izinga lokushisa ku-terrarium ngaphakathi kwama-22 + 27 degrees... Khumbula ukuthi ama-king cobras awuthanda kakhulu umswakama: umswakama womoya akufanele wehle ngaphansi kwama-60-70%. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela lezi zinkomba ngesikhathi se-reptile molting.
Futhi ungakhohlwa ngokunakekelwa okukhulu phakathi nakho konke ukukhohliswa nenkosi cobra: gqoka amagilavu bese uwabeka kude.
