Izilwandle zihlukaniswa ngokwemigomo ethile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi indawo yolwandle inokufinyelela kwamahhala olwandle, ezimweni eziningi okuyingxenye yalo. Cabanga ngazo zonke izinhlobo.
Izilwandle zasePacific
Leli qembu lisePacific Ocean futhi linezilwandle ezingaphezu kweshumi nambili. Nazi ezibaluleke kakhulu:
I-Aki
Ulwandle oluncane oluvulekile olunesimo sezulu esingajwayelekile. Isici esihlukile yi-80% yemvula ehlobo. Imvamisa, iningi lemvula noma iqhwa liwela emzimbeni wamanzi ebusika.
Bali
Kutholakala eduze kwesiqhingi segama elifanayo. Iqukethe amanzi afudumele nezinhlobonhlobo zomhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi, ngakho-ke ungahlala ubona abatshuzi be-scuba lapha. Ulwandle lwaseBali alulungele kakhulu ukubhukuda ngenxa yamahlathi aminyene e-coral aqala ngqo ngasogwini.
IBering Sea
Kutholakala endaweni yeRussian Federation, ulwandle olukhulu kunawo wonke futhi olujule kakhulu ezweni lethu. Itholakala endaweni ebandayo, esenyakatho, yingakho iqhwa kwamanye amatheku lingase lingancibiliki iminyaka eminingana.
Futhi, iqembu loLwandlekazi iPacific lihlanganisa nemizimba yamanzi engakhulunywa kangako njengeNew Guinea, iMollusk, iCoral Sea, kanye namaShayina, oPhuzi.
Izilwandle zase-Atlantic
Izilwandle ezinkulu zaleli qembu yilezi:
Ulwandle i-Azov
Ulwandle olungajulile kakhulu emhlabeni, olusendaweni yeRussian Federation nase-Ukraine. Naphezu kokujula kwayo okuncane, izinhlobo eziningi zezidalwa ezingaphansi kwamanzi zihlala lapha.
IBaltic Sea
Inesimo sezulu esingalindelekile esinemimoya nenkungu evamile. Ushintsho olubukhali nolungalindelekile kusimo sezulu lwenza ukuthi lolu lwandle lungakulungeli ukuthunyelwa okuthuthukile.
ULwandle iMedithera
Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwaleli chibi usayizi walo. Inomngcele onamazwe angama-22 ngasikhathi sinye. Abanye ososayensi bakhomba izindawo ezihlukene endaweni yayo yamanzi, nayo ethathwa njengezilwandle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iqembu okungelase-Atlantic Ocean lihlanganisa iCilician, i-Ionian, i-Adriatic nabanye abaningi.
I-Indian Ocean Seas Group
Leli qembu lincane kakhulu. Lokhu kufaka phakathi iRed, Arabian, Timor, Andaman nolunye ulwandle. Zonke zibonakala ngezitshalo nezilwane ezicebile ezingaphansi kwamanzi. Futhi kukhishwa uwoyela oLwandle iTimor.
Iqembu lezilwandle ze-Arctic Ocean
Ulwandle olumatasa kakhulu kuleli qembu uLwandle lwaseBarents. Itholakala eRussia. Ukuhweba ngokuhweba kwenziwa lapha, amapulatifomu okukhiqiza uwoyela ayasebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uLwandle iBarents lungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu emkhakheni wemikhumbi.
Ngaphezu kwalo, leli qembu lihlanganisa iPechora, iWhite, iMpumalanga yeSiberia nolunye ulwandle. Phakathi kwabo kukhona amadamu anamagama angajwayelekile, isibonelo, i-Prince Gustav-Adolphus Sea.
Izilwandle zase-Southern Ocean
Ulwandle oludume kakhulu lwaleli qembu lubizwa nge-Amundsen. Itholakala eduze nogu olusentshonalanga ye-Antarctica futhi ihlale igcwele ungqimba olujiyile lweqhwa. Okunye okuphawulekayo yiLwandle iRoss, lapho, ngenxa yezici ezithile zesimo sezulu kanye nokungabikho kwezilwane ezidla ezinye, kutholakala abamele abakhulu bezilwane, okuyizinto ezinobungako obuncane kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-starfish lapha ifinyelela ngamasentimitha angama-60 ububanzi.
Iqembu laseSouthern Ocean libuye lihlanganise iLazarev, Davis, Weddell, Bellingshausen, Mawson, Riiser-Larsen nabanye.
Ngaphakathi
Lesi sigaba senziwa ngokuya ngezinga lokuhlukaniswa, okungukuthi, ngokuya ngokuxhumeka noma ukungabi khona kwalo nolwandle. Imizimba yamanzi yangaphakathi yileyo engenakho ukuphuma olwandle. Elinye igama elisetshenzisiwe kubo lihlukile. Uma ulwandle luxhunywe kuma-oceanic expanses ngemikhawulo emincane, lapho-ke kubizwa ngokuthi yi-semi-isolated yangaphakathi.
Umphetho
Lolu hlobo lwezilwandle lutholakala "onqenqemeni" lolwandle, oluhlangene nolunye uhlangothi ezinhlangothini zezwekazi. Kukhulunywa nje, kuyindawo yolwandle okuthi, ngokuya ngezici ezithile, yaziwe njengolwandle. Izinhlobo eziseceleni zingahlukaniswa yiziqhingi noma ukuphakama okukhulu ezansi.
Isiqhingi esiphakathi
Leli qembu libonakala ngokuba khona kweziqhingi ezizungezile. Iziqhingi kufanele zibekwe ziqine kangangoba zivimbela ukuxhumana kwamahhala kolwandle nolwandle.
Futhi, izilwandle zihlukaniswe zaba nosawoti omncane futhi onosawoti omningi. Ulwandle ngalunye emhlabeni lunikezwa amaqembu amaningana ngasikhathi sinye, ngoba ngasikhathi sinye lungolulwandle oluthile, ngenkathi lufakwa usawoti omncane futhi lubekwe kude nezwekazi. Kukhona futhi nemizimba emibili eyimpikiswano, abanye ososayensi abayibheka njengolwandle, nabanye - ichibi. Lezi yizilwandle eziFile ne-Aral. Mancane ngosayizi futhi ahlukaniswe ngokuphelele nolwandle. Yize amashumi eminyaka edlule, uLwandle i-Aral lwalunendawo enkulu kakhulu. Ukwehla kwezinsizakusebenza zamanzi lapha kwenzeke ngenxa yokuxhamazela kwabantu lapho bezama ukusebenzisa amanzi ukunisela amasimu asemahlathini.
