Umoya ingcebo ebaluleke kunazo zonke emhlabeni, kepha njengezinye izinto eziningi, abantu bonakalisa lo mthombo ngokungcolisa umoya. Iqukethe amagesi ahlukahlukene nezinto ezidingekayo empilweni yazo zonke izidalwa. Ngakho-ke, kubantu nasezilwaneni, i-oxygen ibaluleke kakhulu, ecebisa umzimba wonke lapho uphefumula.
Umphakathi wanamuhla awazi nokuthi abantu bangafa ngenxa yomoya ongcolile. Ngokwe-WHO, ngo-2014 babalelwa ku-3.7 million abantu abashonile emhlabeni, ngenxa yomdlavuza obangelwe wukungcola komoya.
Izinhlobo zokungcola komoya
Ngokuvamile, ukungcoliswa komoya kungokwemvelo ne-anthropogenic. Vele, uhlobo lwesibili luyingozi kakhulu emvelweni. Ngokuya ngezinto ezikhishelwe emoyeni, ukungcola kungaba ngalezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:
- imishini - imicroparticles eqinile nothuli zingena emkhathini;
- amagciwane - ama-virus namagciwane angena emoyeni;
- okukhipha imisebe - imfucumfucu nezinto ezikhipha imisebe;
- amakhemikhali - avela ngesikhathi sezingozi ze-technogenic kanye nokukhishwa, lapho imvelo ingcoliswe yi-phenols ne-carbon oxides, i-ammonia nama-hydrocarbon, i-formaldehydes nama-phenols;
- okushisayo - lapho ukhipha umoya ofudumele kumabhizinisi;
- umsindo - owenziwa ngemisindo ephezulu nemisindo;
- i-electromagnetic - imisebe yamasimu kagesi kagesi.
Izinto ezingcolisa umoya eziyinhloko yizitshalo zezimboni. Abayikhathalele imvelo ngoba basebenzisa izindawo zokwelashwa ezincane kanye nobuchwepheshe obungayilimazi imvelo. Ukuthuthwa komgwaqo kufaka isandla kakhulu ekungcolisweni komoya, njengoba lapho usebenzisa izimoto, kukhishwa amagesi okukhipha emoyeni.
Imiphumela yokungcola komoya
Ukungcoliswa komoya kuyinkinga yomhlaba wonke esintwini. Abantu abaningi baminyaniswa ngokoqobo, abakwazi ukuphefumula umoya ohlanzekile. Konke lokhu kuholela ezifweni nasezinkinga zempilo ezahlukahlukene. Futhi, ukungcola kuholela ekubonakaleni kwentuthu emadolobheni amakhulu, kumphumela wokushisa, ukushisa komhlaba, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, imvula ene-asidi nezinye izinkinga zemvelo.
Uma abantu bengaqali ngokushesha ukunciphisa izinga lokungcola komoya futhi bangaqali ukulihlanza, lokhu kuzoholela ezinkingeni ezinkulu emhlabeni. Umuntu ngamunye angaba nomthelela kulesi simo, ngokwesibonelo, ukushintsha kusuka ezimotweni kuya ekuthuthweni okungayilimazi imvelo - kumabhayisikili.
