I-tundra ithuthukise izimo zezulu ezinzima, kepha zithambile kakhulu kunasesifundeni se-Arctic Ocean. Lapha kugeleza imifula, kunamachibi namachibi lapho kutholakala khona izinhlanzi nezilwane zasemanzini. Izinyoni zindiza ngaphezu komkhathi, isidleke lapha nalaphaya. Lapha bahlala ngokukhethekile ngenkathi efudumele, futhi lapho nje sekuqala ukubanda ekwindla, bandizela ezindaweni ezifudumele.
Ezinye izinhlobo zezilwane zivumelane namakhaza aphansi, iqhwa nesimo sezulu esibi esikhona lapha. Kule ndawo yemvelo, ukuncintisana nomzabalazo wokusinda kuzwakala ikakhulukazi. Ukuze zisinde, izilwane zithuthukise amakhono alandelayo:
- ukukhuthazela;
- ukuqoqwa kwamafutha angaphansi kwesikhumba;
- izinwele ezinde nezimpaphe;
- ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwamandla;
- ukukhetha okuthile kwezindawo zokuzalela;
- ukwakheka kokudla okukhethekile.
Izinyoni zeTundra
Imihlambi yezinyoni iphakamisa umsindo kule ndawo. Ku-tundra, kune-polar plover nezikhova, ama-gulls nama-terns, ama-guillemots kanye ne-snow buntings, ama-comb eider kanye ne-ptarmigan, i-Lapland plantain namapayipi abomvu abomvu. Ngesikhathi sentwasahlobo-ehlobo, izinyoni zindiza lapha zivela emazweni afudumele, zihlela amakoloni amakhulu ezinyoni, zakha izidleke, zifukamele amaqanda futhi zikhulise amaphuphu azo. Lapho kuqala isimo sezulu esibandayo, kufanele bafundise izingane ukundiza, ukuze kuthi kamuva zindizele ngaseningizimu ndawonye. Ezinye izinhlobo (izikhova nama-partridges) zihlala endaweni evundlile unyaka wonke, njengoba sezijwayele ukuhlala phakathi kweqhwa.
I-plover encane
UTern
Ama-guillemots
Ama-Eider combs
Lapland ukhova
Izikeyiti ezinomphimbo obomvu
Izakhamizi zasolwandle nasemifuleni
Izakhamizi ezinkulu zamachibi ziyizinhlanzi. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zitholakala emifuleni, emachibini, emaxhaphozini nasezilwandle ze-tundra yaseRussia:
Omul
Inhlanzi emhlophe
Uhlobo lwenhlanzi
I-Vendace
UDallia
Amachibi acebile eplankton, izimvu zihlala. Kwesinye isikhathi ama-walrus nezimpawu ezivela ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane zizulazula endaweni enamanzi we-tundra.
Izilwane ezincelisayo
Izimpungushe zase-Arctic, ama-reindeer, ama-lemmings nezimpisi ezibandayo yizakhamuzi ezivamile zalesi sigodi. Lezi zilwane zivumelaniswa nempilo ezindaweni ezibandayo. Ukuze baphile, kufanele bahlale besendleleni bezifunela ukudla. Futhi lapha kwesinye isikhathi ungabona amabhere we-polar, izimpungushe, izimvu ze-bighorn kanye nama-hares, ama-weasel, ama-ermines nama-minks.
Ukulimaza
Weasel
Ngakho-ke, kwakhiwa umhlaba wezilwane omangalisayo e-tundra. Impilo yabo bonke abamele izilwane lapha incike kwisimo sezulu nasekhonweni labo lokusinda, ngakho-ke izinhlobo eziyingqayizivele nezithakazelisayo zihlangane kule ndawo yemvelo. Ezinye zazo azihlali nje kuphela e-tundra, kodwa futhi nasezindaweni zemvelo eziseduze.
