Muva nje, inani elikhulayo lama-aquarist seliqala ukuthola izinhlanzi ezingaphandle komhlaba echibini labo lokuzenzela. Futhi lokhu akumangazi neze, ngoba labo abamele umhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi bahlukaniswa yisiphithiphithi semibala, imibala nobubunjwa. Kodwa isidingo esikhulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwalezi zinhlanzi satholwa ngabamele umndeni we-cichlid, futhi ikakhulukazi, izinkanyezi. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo zale nhlanzi zihluke kakhulu, kepha kaningi zibeka ku-aquarium:
- I-Astronotus ebomvu;
- i-albino astronotus;
- i-astronotus ocellated;
- i-nut astronotus.
Kepha yize lezi zinhlobo zivamile, esihlokweni sanamuhla sizokhuluma ngolunye uhlobo lwenhlanzi oluthokozisayo, okuyiTiger Astronotus.
Ukuhlala endaweni yemvelo
U-Oscar wakhulunywa okokuqala emuva ngo-1831. Ungahlangana naye ngokuya emigodini yemifula i-Amazon. Ikhetha imifula namachibi anendawo enodaka. Udla izinhlanzi ezincane, ama-crayfish nezibungu njengokudla.
Incazelo
Ingwe ye-Astronotus, noma njengoba ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Oscar, ingeyomndeni we-cichlid. Ngaphandle, ibukeka njengenhlanzi enkulu impela futhi inombala ogqamile. Futhi inengqondo ephilayo, ethakaselwa ikakhulukazi ngabaningi bama-aquarist. Ngokushesha ifinyelela ubukhulu bayo obungama-350 mm.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi i-oscar ingenye yezinhlanzi ezimbalwa ezikhumbula futhi ziqaphele umnikazi wazo. Ngakho-ke, angabuka amahora ukuthi ifulethi lihlanzwa kanjani futhi abhukude aze afike emanzini lapho umnikazi esondela. Futhi, abanye babo baze bazivumele ukuthi baphululwe futhi badliwe ezandleni zabo, ngezindlela eziningi bafana nalawo makati noma izinja. Kepha kufanele uqaphele, ngoba lapho usikisela okuncane ngengozi, i-tiger astronotus ingakuluma.
Ngokuqondene nokuma komzimba, kufana nokuma okusaqanda. Ikhanda lilikhulu ngamazinyo amakhulu. Endaweni yemvelo, ubukhulu babo obukhulu, njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, bungaba yi-350 mm, futhi endaweni yokufakelwa, engekho ngaphezu kuka-250 mm. Isikhathi sabo sokuphila esiphezulu cishe siyiminyaka eyi-10.
Ukuhlukanisa owesilisa nowesifazane kunenkinga enkulu. Ngakho-ke, owesilisa, unengxenye ebanzi engaphambili yekhanda futhi umbala womzimba wenziwe ngemibala ekhanyayo. Abesifazane bancane kakhulu kunabesilisa. Kodwa njengoba umkhuba ukhombisa, izici ezigqame ngokusobala zowesilisa nowesifazane zivela ngesikhathi sokulungiselela ukuzala.
Okuqukethwe
Yize u-Oscar engeyona enye yezinhlanzi okunzima ukuzigcina, akufanele ucabange ukuthi kwanele ukumane nje ukuthengise bese ukufaka emanzini. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, kufanele kukhethwe i-aquarium, igxile kubukhulu bayo obukhulu. Njengomthetho, i-oscar iyaqhubeka nokuthengiswa lapho ubukhulu bayo bungu-30 mm kuphela.
Kungakho ama-aquarist amaningi ama-novice enza iphutha elikhulu ngokuwabeka ku-aquarium ejwayelekile enomthamo ofinyelela kumalitha ayi-100, ophuma esikhathini esiyizinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngakho-ke, ama-aquarists anolwazi ayelulekwa ukuthi akhethe i-aquarium enenani okungenani lamalitha angama-400. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-oscar iyinhlanzi enolaka kakhulu, engakwazi ukuhlasela kuphela omakhelwane abancane, kepha nokuyidla.
Futhi, ukuze ukhiphe isifo esingalindelekile senhlanzi, kuyadingeka ukudala izimo ezithandekayo echibini lokufakelwa. Ngakho-ke, zifaka:
- Ukugcina ibanga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwama-22-26 degrees.
- Ukushintshwa njalo kwe-1/3 yesithathu yenani lamanzi esewonke.
- Ukuba khona kwe-aeration.
- Ukuhlunga okunamandla.
Ngokuqondene nenhlabathi, kuyadingeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe isihlabathi njengoba sinjalo, ngoba u-Oscar uchitha isikhathi esiningi emba. Asikho isidingo sohlaza olunjalo. Ngakho-ke, ama-aquarists anolwazi ancoma ukusebenzisa izinhlobo ezinamakhasi aqinile, ngokwesibonelo, ama-Anubias afanayo.
Futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, akufanele ucabange nokuthi i-aquarium ibukeka kanjani njengoba yayihlelwe kusukela ekuqaleni. Iqiniso ngukuthi u-Oscar uzicabangela ngokuphelele futhi ngokuphelele njengomnikazi wedamu lokufakelwa, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukulungiselela ukuthi uzomba futhi adlulise konke okubonakala kudingekile kuye.
Okubalulekile! Ukuvimbela lezi zinhlanzi zasemanzini ukuthi ziphume, kunconywa ukumboza i-aquarium.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Emvelweni wemvelo, i-Oscar ingumninimandla onke. Ngokuqondene nedamu lokufakelwa, khona-ke kuyadingeka ukunamathela emithethweni ethile ukuze kukhishwe ngisho nokusikisela okuncane kokugula okungenzeka. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, kunconywa ukondla umuntu omdala isikhathi esingaphezu kwesisodwa ngosuku, kepha ucabangela usayizi wayo, kunjalo. Kungcono ukusebenzisa ukudla okwenziwe ngekhwalithi ephezulu ekudleni. Ukudla okubukhoma nokubandayo nakho kungondliwa njengokuhlukahlukene.
Kwezinye izimo, unganikeza ihlosi i-Astronotus nezinye izinhlanzi. Isibonelo, imisila yeveli efanayo noma ama-guppies. Kepha lokhu kufanele kwenziwe kuphela uma kunesiqinisekiso esingu-100% sokuthi ngemuva kokuzidla, asikho isifo esizothinta lezi zinhlanzi.
Uma kusetshenziswa inyama yesilwane njengokudla, u-Oscar akakwazi nje ukuhlupheka ngenxa yokukhuluphala, kepha futhi angathola i-dystrophy yezitho zangaphakathi.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
U-Oscar ufinyelela ebusheni lapho efinyelela usayizi ka-100-120 mm. Ukukhiqizwa kwabo, njengomthetho, kwenzeka echibini elijwayelekile lokufakelwa. Kepha ukuze kwenzeke ngaphandle kobunzima, kunconywa ukuthi wakhe izindawo zokukhosela eziningana e-aquarium bese ubeka amatshe amatshe osayizi abahlukahlukene phansi. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqaphele ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwendawo yokukhosela kuwela ngokuphelele emahlombe owesilisa.
Ngemuva kobuso belitshe elikhethiwe lihlanzwe ngokuphelele, insikazi iqala ukuzala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, owesilisa uyamvundisa. Isikhathi sokufukamela samaqanda sisukela ezinsukwini ezingama-4-6, kanti gazinga ngokwalo livela ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-8-10. Njengomthetho, ngosuku lokuqala, ukuthosa kudla amafinyila anomsoco afihlwe ngabazali bawo, kepha ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa aqala ukuzondla ngokwawo. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukusebenzisa i-Artemia noma i-Cyclops njengokudla.
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngokudla okuhlukahlukene nokuningi, gazinga likhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Kepha ukuze ukhiphe ngaphandle kokudla okungenzeka kwabantu abancane ngozakwabo abakhulu, kunconywa ukuthi uhlele ngezikhathi ezithile.
Ngokwesilinganiso, owesifazane walolu hlobo ubeka amaqanda angama-600-800, ngakho-ke kufanele ukala zonke izinzuzo nezingozi ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuhlela ukukhiqizwa kwawo.
Ukuhambisana
U-Oscar, njengezinhlobo zensimbi zama-astronotus, ngokwesibonelo, i-hazel, akakufanele ngokuphelele ukugcinwa echibini elijwayelekile lokufakelwa kanye nezinye izakhamuzi zalo. Yize zingafani ngendlela yokuziphatha enolaka ezinhlanzini ezinkulu, ukudla kwazo izinhlanzi ezincane kufaka ukungabazeka ngokutholakala kwabo emanzini ajwayelekile. Ngakho-ke, inketho ekahle ukuwabeka ngababili nasemkhunjini ohlukile.
Uma ngasizathu simbe lokhu kungenzeki, khona-ke bazwana kahle ne-black pacu, arowan, cichlazomas yeManaguan. Kodwa lapha kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kwezinye izimo kungaqubuka ukungqubuzana phakathi kwabakhileyo echibini lokufakelwa ngesisekelo sokungafani kwabalingiswa babo.
