Incazelo nezici
Kusukela ekunukeleni nje kwezitsha ze-Black Sea horse mackerel, abaningi baqala ukuconsisa amathe. Le nhlanzi inenyama ebuthakathaka, emnandi, ekhuluphele ngokulingene, enamakha futhi enamanzi engaqukethe amathambo amancane angathandeki, futhi ayingozi.
Lo mkhiqizo ukheniwe, uyisitshulu, ubhakwe, womisiwe futhi usawoti, uthosiwe kakhulu futhi njengesithako esiyinhloko esobho lenhlanzi. Ukuphathwa okulungiselelwe ngale ndlela kuyakwazi ukunika imizimba yethu isethi enkulu yezinto ezibalulekile.
Futhi ukudla okunjalo kunconywa odokotela ngezifo eziningi. Kepha-ke, besingazukubona okufana nalokhu, noma ephusheni, ukube bekungeyona eye- i-black sea horse mackerel, okungukuthi, hhayi u-ayisikhilimu noma umkhiqizo omusha olele ezitolo, kodwa ummeleli ophilayo wezilwane zasemanzini ovela emndenini wamahhashi i-mackerel, ohlala olwandle.
Lesi sidalwa sinezikali ezincane ezivikelekile, umzimba onqenqemeni, ophela ngaphambili ngekhanda elicijile futhi unciphise ngamandla ngemuva. Izimpaphe ze-Fin ziphuma emsileni njengefulegi eligobile kunxantathu onemfoloko.
Zimiswe ngokungathi ngesiqu esincanyana esivela emgogodleni. Ingemuva inamapheya amabili: ingaphambili elifushane nomhlane omude onezimpaphe ezithambile. Amaphiko asesifubeni sezinhlanzi mancane kakhulu. Ikhanda lalo likhulu impela; linamehlo ayindilinga anendawo emnyama ngapha nangapha. Umlomo we-horse mackerel mkhulu ngokwanele. Umhlane wayo unombala ompunga ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kanti isisu saso sikhanya, siyisiliva.
Imvelo ivikele lezi zidalwa ezilwaneni eziyingozi ngokuhlomisa imizimba yazo ngoqwembe lwesaha, okungukuthi, umugqa wameva abekwe ezingxenyeni zamathambo, kanye nezinsipho ezimbili emphethweni womsila. Ngokwesilinganiso, izinhlanzi zingamasentimitha angama-25 ngosayizi, kanti isisindo sazo kuyaqabukela seqa u-500 g. Kodwa-ke, kukhona imidondoshiya yesisindo samakhilogremu, kanti isisindo sokurekhoda singu-2 kg.
Izinhlobo
I-black sea horse mackerel kubhekwe kuphela izinhlobo ezincane zeMedere horse mackerel. Futhi bobabili bangabakwa-genus horse mackerel, abameleli babo abahlala naseBaltic, eNyakatho nakwezinye izilwandle, ngaphezu kwalezo esezivele zikhonjisiwe egameni elithile leMnyama neMedithera, kunjalo. Izinhlanzi ezinjalo zihlala emanzini olwandle i-Indian, Pacific, Atlantic, zitholakala ngasogwini lwase-Afrika, eMelika nase-Australia. Sekukonke, lolu hlobo luhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi.
Abamele uhlobo bangahluka ngosayizi, inombolo kanye nokwakheka kwameva; ukwakheka komzimba, yize kuzo zonke kucindezelwe kusuka ezinhlangothini; futhi ngombala, osukela kokumpunga naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kuya kwesiliva-mhlophe; isahlala insimu, ekhonjiswa kaningi ngegama lenhlobonhlobo. Kukhona, ngokwesibonelo, i-Atlantic, iJapan, iPeruvia noma iChilean, kanye ne-horse mackerel yaseningizimu. Lezi zinsuku zihlala emanzini afudumele olwandle lwase-Australia naseNingizimu Melika.
Kuliqiniso, kunzima ukusungula izithiyo nemikhawulo ecacile lapha, ngoba izinhlanzi ziyabhukuda noma yikuphi futhi akunakwenzeka ukulandela ngokunembile izindlela zokufuduka kwazo. Futhi-ke, ngokwesibonelo, i-Atlantic horse mackerel ivame ukutholakala emanzini oLwandle oluMnyama, eNyakatho noma eBaltic, ebhukuda lapho evela olwandle.
Futhi i-Black Sea horse mackerel nayo iyisithandwa sokuhamba. Kukholakala ukuthi kwesinye isikhathi, eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbalwa eyedlule, izinhlanzi ezinjalo nazo zasuka e-Atlantic. Bangena oLwandle Olumnyama badabula iMedithera futhi baqhubeka nokusabalala ngokuqhubekayo.
Umehluko phakathi kwamalungu ohlobo lwehhashi i-mackerel nawo usayizi. Kodwa lapha konke kulula, futhi ukuthembela okunjalo kuyabonwa: kuncane umthamo wamanzi lapho kuhlala khona inhlanzi, kuncane ngokwesilinganiso ngobukhulu. Abamele abakhulu kunabo bonke bohlobo lwamahhashi i-mackerel, ikakhulukazi abahlala olwandle, bangaba nesisindo esingu-2.8 kg futhi bakhule bafike kuma-70 cm ubude.
Ezimweni ezehlukile osayizi be-black sea horse mackerel Zingafinyelela kuma-cm 60. I-Horse mackerel nayo iyahluka ngokunambitheka, ngoba ithonywe kakhulu ukwakheka kwamanzi lapho kuhlala khona laba bameleli bezilwane zasemanzini.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Sekuvele kucacile ukuthi imvelo lapho i-horse mackerel ikwazi khona ukuba khona ngempumelelo, ukuzala nokusabalalisa amanzi anosawoti olwandle nolwandle, ngaphandle kweqiniso lezindawo ezibandayo, ngoba kusendaweni efudumele lapho le nhlanzi igxila khona kahle futhi izizwa imnandi.
Kepha kwezinye izimo, amanzi abunjiwe nawo alungele izinhlanzi ezinjalo. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho lezi zihambi zasemanzini zizithola zisezindaweni lapho imifula igelezela olwandle. Kodwa-ke, noma ihlala ezindaweni ezisolwandle, i-horse mackerel izama ukunamathela emazwenikazi, isondela emaphethelweni angaphansi kwamanzi. Aziyi ezansi futhi azibhukudi zijule ngaphezu kwama-500 m, kepha imvamisa azikhuphuki ngaphezu kwe-5 m.
Izakhamizi ezinjalo zemvelo enamanzi anosawoti zigcina zingumhlambi, okusiza kakhulu ukubamba kwazo, ngoba ziyizinto zokudoba okusebenzayo. Kufanele kungezwe ukuthi inani lalezi zidalwa libucayi ekubambeni okungalawuleki ngokweqile. Ubudedengu obunjalo buholela ekwehliseni okukhulu kwesibalo se-horse mackerel emanzini olwandle, futhi izinqubo zokululama bese ziqhubeka kancane, futhi kuthatha iminyaka.
I-black sea horse mackerel (esithombeni uyayibona le nhlanzi), kuya ngesizini, uyaphoqeleka ukuthi ashintshe indlela aphila ngayo. Kunezikhathi ezimbili lapho ukuziphatha kwezinhlanzi kunezici zako.
Owokuqala wabo yihlobo, yize ungawubiza kanjalo kuphela, ngoba uhlala cishe izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili, uqala ngo-Ephreli uphele ngoNovemba, kwesinye isikhathi kuze kube ngoDisemba, konke kuya ngesimo sezulu esingesihle. Ngesikhathi esinqunyiwe, lapho izingqimba zamanzi aphezulu zifudumala kahle, i-horse mackerel inyukela phezulu.
Zinyakaza ngenkuthalo, zisakazeka kabanzi ngaphakathi kwendawo yazo, zikhula ngokushesha, zondle kakhulu, futhi zande. Ebusika, lezi zinhlanzi zinciphisa umsebenzi wazo ube yize.
Izidalwa zazo ziyakwazi ukumelana nokupholisa okuphawulekayo, kepha kuze kufike ku- + 7 ° C. Yingakho i-horse mackerel izama ukugcina izindawo ezisogwini ezifudumele. Bahlala ebusika emabhayi nasezindaweni ezijulile, imvamisa zizungezwe amabhange amakhulu.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Izinhlanzi ezinjalo kufanele zibhekwe njengezilwane ezigcwele, nakuba zingenzi sengathi ziyizisulu ezinkulu. Kepha ngisho nolayini bemizimba yabo bayakwazi ukutshela abantu abakuqondayo ukuthi lezi zidalwa akuwona ama-sloth ahlala phansi olwandle, avula imilomo yawo, ngethemba lokuthi ukudla kuzokweqa lapho kukodwa. Bafuna ngenkuthalo "isinkwa sabo".
Ekufuneni okungapheli, izicucu zezinhlanzi ezinjalo kufanele zihambe usuku nosuku ukuze zithole izindawo ezivundile ezigcwele ukudla okufiswayo. Iba ikakhulukazi amaqanda nezinhlanzi zezinhlanzi ezihlala ezingxenyeni ezingenhla zamanzi: i-herring, i-tulka, i-gerbils, i-sprats, i-anchovy. IMackerel ingadla izimfanzi nezimbaza, amanye ama-invertebrate amancane nama-crustaceans, kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane ezinjenge-anchovies.
Kodwa yize i-horse mackerel ne-predator, yena uqobo uvame ukuba yisisulu sabazingeli abakhulu kunaye, phakathi komakhelwane basolwandle. Kuhle ukuthi imvelo ibiyinakekela, iyinikeza ngameva asemaceleni. Umuntu ofuna ukuzitika ngalo kufanele aqaphele kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho ukulimala akunakugwenywa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma umhlaseli ongenalwazi efuna ukugwinya yonke le nhlanzi, uzoba nesikhathi esinzima. Futhi abantu abayinqume ukudla kwasemini akufanele bakhohlwe ngesikhali esikhohlisayo sedatha, esibonakala singenabungozi kubantu, izidalwa zasolwandle.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Iningi lama-mackerel amahhashi lithanda indawo efudumele, ngakho-ke lichitha izimpilo zalo ezindaweni ezishisayo nasemanzini aseduze kwabo. Kukhona ithuba lokubeka amaqanda unyaka wonke. Futhi ngenkathi, lapho ukufudumala kufika ezindaweni ezipholile, futhi kudalwe izimo ezithandekayo, izinhlanzi zivame ukuthuthela lapho ukuze zizale.
Abamele ama-subspecies oLwandle Olumnyama banethuba lokuqhubeka nohlobo lwabo kuphela ngesikhathi esifanele salokhu, esiza ngoMeyi-Juni. Ngalesi sikhathi, imihlambi ebivele ikhona iyahlakazeka, bese kuvela eminye, yakhe ngokuya ngobulili.
Kulokhu, abesifazane bavame ukwehla bangene emanzini angaphansi, kuyilapho abesilisa beqoqwe ngenhla kwabo. Futhi lokhu akwenzeki ngengozi futhi kunencazelo ejulile. Ngemuva kwakho konke, i-caviar ikhukhuleke ngezansi kwengxenye yesifazane inempahla yokuntanta iye phezulu, futhi lapho ikhuleliswa ngempumelelo ubisi olukhishwe abesilisa.
I-Horse mackerel phakathi kwezihlobo zabo zezinhlanzi zibhekwa njengabanikazi bamarekhodi okuzala. Ngesinye isikhathi, ziyakwazi ukubeka amaqanda angama-200 ayizinkulungwane, agxilile futhi aqale ukukhula ngezinga lomlingo ezingqimbeni zamanzi aphezulu. Kepha ekuqaleni lokhu kumane kuyizakhiwo ezincane, ezingekho ngaphezu kwamamilimitha ububanzi.
Ukudalelwa i-black sea horse mackerel caviar, njengezinye izinhlobo zalezi zinhlanzi, iheha kakhulu. Ngomzamo wokuvikela amafry avela kuwo maduzane ezilwaneni ezidla imvelo, imvelo ibanikeze ukuhlakanipha okumangazayo. Baphunyuka ezingozini zomhlaba ngaphansi kwedome ye-jellyfish, bazinamathisela kuyo, njengokungathi bangaphansi kophahla lwendlu.
Izingane zikhula ngesivinini esisheshayo, zifinyelela kubude obungamasentimitha ayi-12 lapho zinonyaka owodwa. Cishe esikhathini esifanayo, kwesinye isikhathi ngemuva kwesikhashana, ziyakwazi ukukhiqiza inzalo. Isikhathi esiphelele salezi zinhlanzi cishe siyiminyaka eyi-9.
Intengo
Izitsha zamahhashi ama-mackerel zazithandwa futhi zithandwa abaningi emashumini ambalwa eminyaka adlule. Kepha ukuthandwa okubanzi kwale nhlanzi kwehla kancane kancane, yize kungafanele. Futhi manje akuvamile ukuthi ukuthole ezitolo. Kepha uma ufisa, lo mkhiqizo usengathengwa, ikakhulukazi nge-Intanethi.
Intengo ye-Black Sea horse mackerel cishe ama-ruble angama-200. nge-1 kg. Ngaphezu kwalokho, yilezi zinhlobo eziphakeme kakhulu kunambitha kunezinhlobo zolwandle ze-horse mackerel. Inhlanzi ethosiwe ku-ghee nakoyela wemifino ine-gourmet crust ekhangayo. I-fresh mackerel yamahhashi ingasongwa ngo-foil bese ifakwa kuhhavini; bumba, ugoqe ngesinkwa, noma upheke emafutheni ajulile. Izindleko ezidayiswayo ze-horse mackerel ziphansi kakhulu futhi zilinganiselwa kuma-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-80 ngethani ngalinye.
Ukubamba
Ngenxa yokungcola kwamanzi oLwandle Olumnyama, ayembalwa ama-mackerels okwesikhashana. Kepha manje le ndawo iya ngokuhlanzeka, futhi izikole zalezi zinhlanzi ziphinde zivele esiqeshini esisogwini. Njengoba izidalwa zasemanzini ezinjalo ngokuvamile zingehli ngokujulile, ukubamba i-black sea mackerel Kulula kakhulu ukukhiqiza kusuka esikebheni, nakuma-anglers abanolwazi - ngisho nasogwini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze uzuze impumelelo kulolu daba, amakhono abalulekile kakhulukazi awadingeki.
Kungcono ukudoba ezinyangeni ezifudumele, uqale ngemisebe yokuqala yelanga, noma uhambe ngomkhumbi ekushoneni kwelanga. Noma, empeleni, kunamathuba okubamba inyamazane enjalo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Kuthathwe ngokuzingela kwabo abamele abancane bezilwane zasolwandle kanye nokufuna ukudla, i-horse mackerel ivame ukukhohlwa.
Ukubhukuda ngemihlambi, balahlekelwa ukuqapha kwabo, abaqapheli ukuhamba kwezikebhe nezikebhe ezibazungezile, ngisho nokugxuma emanzini lapho kushisa. I-Horse mackerel iluma ngokukhethekile ekwindla, iziphonsa kunoma yisiphi isilingo, ngoba izidalwa ezinjalo zinesifiso esikhulu. Njengesilingo, yiqiniso, ungasebenzisa izibungu, ezithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwama-anglers; kanye nezimbaza ezigayiwe, izimfanzi ezibilisiwe, ama-crustaceans kanye nezicucu ze-herring.
Amathuluzi ahlukahlukene wokudoba afanelekile lapha: izakhiwo ze-float, izinduku zokudoba nezinduku zokuphotha, kepha noma kunjalo okuhle kakhulu ukubamba kungolayini wokulinganisa, ngoba, ngokusho kochwepheshe, iningi lama-mackerel amahhashi angabanjwa ngale ndlela.
Njengoba le nhlanzi ihamba ngezicathulo emanzini, amadivayisi ayinkomba yokunamathisela afakwe inani elikhulu lezingwegwe alusizo kakhulu. Futhi ngokwengeziwe kwabo ngenani, kufanele ukhethe induku isikhathi eside. IKryuchkov kuLwandle Olumnyama mackerel lapho udoba ngenduku ejikelezayo ngesondo, ngokuvamile kuthatha cishe okuyishumi. Zonke kufanele zibe zensimbi esezingeni eliphakeme nebhande elide.
Kudume lapho kudotshwa le nhlanzi kanye nomashiqela okuthiwa unguzwilakhe. Lokhu kuyindlela ekhohlisayo ngoba isebenzisa i-snag esikhundleni sesithiyelo esijwayelekile. Kungaba izintambo ezingenalutho, imicu, izingcezu zoboya, izimpaphe, okuvame ukwenziwa ama-sequin akhethekile, athi, ekhanya emanzini, afane nezinhlanzi. I-mackerel yamahhashi, ngokungajwayelekile, imvamisa ithatha konke lokhu okungenangqondo isisulu sayo futhi, ngenxa yenkohliso enjalo, iyabanjwa.
Amaqiniso Athandekayo
Kukho konke osekuvele kubhaliwe, kunjalo, kukhona ongangeza. Futhi-ke, kuzokwethulwa ngezansi amaqiniso athile athakazelisayo mayelana ne-mackerel yamahhashi amnandi futhi anempilo. Zonke zihlobene nezici zayo zokupheka.
- I-mackerel yamahhashi abilisiwe, ngenxa yokuqukethwe kwayo okunamafutha okulingene nokuntuleka kwama-carbohydrate enyameni, kuyaziswa kakhulu, kubhekwa njengomkhiqizo odla ukudla. Kunconywa abanesifo sikashukela nalabo abafisa ukunciphisa umzimba;
- Izitsha ezivela kule nhlanzi ziba wusizo kubantu abanemithambo yegazi ebuthakathaka nenhliziyo, izifo zegilo nezesistimu yezinzwa. Ukudla okunjalo kwenza ukusebenza kobuchopho, kukhuthaze ukukhula kwemisipha futhi kuthuthukise imisebenzi yokuvikela emzimbeni;
- Lapho ulungisa le nhlanzi, kungcono ukuthi abaphathi bamakhaya basuse ikhanda ngokushesha kanye nemiphunga eseduze nayo. Iqiniso ngukuthi kule ngxenye yomzimba kunqwabelana izinto eziyingozi kanye nemfucuza yezimboni encibilikiswe emanzini olwandle. Futhi akumangazi, ngoba konke lokhu kungena ezinhlanzini zezinhlanzi ngqo ngemigodi;
- Ifakwe emanzini anosawoti nosawoti, izinhlanzi zethu zifana kakhulu ne-mackerel. Kodwa ngokungafani neyamuva, i-horse mackerel ayikhuluphele kangako;
- Kusukela kumahhashi mackerel, ngenxa yokungabikho kwamathambo amancane enyameni yayo, kulula kakhulu ukwenza inyama egayiwe. Futhi ama-cutlets amahle enziwa ngawo;
- Izindlela eziningi zokulungiselela le nhlanzi zibalwe ngaphambilini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuvela ukuthi kumnandi kakhulu lapho somisiwe. Kepha awukwazi ukudla umkhiqizo ongahluziwe nganoma iyiphi indlela, ngoba izimuncagazi zingaqukethwe ngaphakathi kwawo.
Ekugcineni, kufanele kuxwayiswe ukuthi kungcono ukungasebenzisi kabi noma yikuphi, ngisho nomkhiqizo obaluleke kakhulu futhi owusizo. Futhi ukweqisa kuzo zonke izimo kulimaza umzimba. Futhi-ke, ngokusetshenziswa kwe-mackerel, inqubo yayo nayo isunguliwe. Ukudla okunjalo kungadliwa okungaphezu kwama-gramu angama-200 ngosuku. Futhi leli nani lanele ukugcwalisa umzimba womuntu ngamaminerali awusizo, amavithamini namandla.
