USanta Bernard - kunesilinganiso sobungcwele egameni lakhe
Ukukhonza abantu kuyilungelo lazo zonke izinja ezifuywayo. ISt. Bernard yazibonakalisa ifaneleka kakhulu kulo mkhakha. Konke kwaqala ngekhulu le-11. E-Alps, e-Mont-Joux pass pass, indela kanye nowayengumuntu ohloniphekile uBernard de Menton bakha indawo yabahambi. Ngekhulu le-XII, indawo yokukhosela yaba yisigodlo sezindela. U-Monk Bernard wagcotshwa, isigodlo sabizwa ngokuthi iSaint Bernard.
Kusukela ngesikhathi sika-Alexander the Great, izinja ezinkulu kakhulu ziye zagcinwa e-Alps. Izakhamizi zakule ndawo sekunesikhathi eside zinake ikhono lazo lokulindela ukuqhamuka kwequbula futhi zithole abantu bembozwe yiqhwa. Izinja zaqala ukuhambisana nezindela nabahambi abasuka e-Italy baya eSwitzerland futhi babuya.
Ngekhulu le-17, abatakuli babantu babesetshenziswa ngenkuthalo njengezinja. Umsebenzi wokukhetha oqondisiwe waqala ukwenziwa. Uhlobo lwathola igama ISt. Bernard... Ngekhulu le-19, izinja zabongwa ngezenzo eziningi zokusindisa.
Uhlobo luye lwathola ukuthandwa. Abafuyi baqala ukunakekela ubumsulwa bezinhlobo. Ukuvela kwenja kusondele kwesimanje. Ngo-1884, incwadi yokuzalanisa yaseSwitzerland i-SHSB yadalwa. Izinja zokuqala ezaqoshwa encwadini kwakunguSt. Bernards.
Incazelo nezici
ISt. Bernard yinja enkulu kakhulu. Isilwane esikhulile sinesisindo esisuka ku-60 kuye ku-100 kg noma ngaphezulu. Ukuphakama kokubuna komuntu wesilisa akumele kube ngaphansi kuka-70 cm. Kumuntu omdala we-bitch leli pharamitha lingama-65 cm. Ukuphakama okuphezulu ekubuneni kwenja kungama-90 cm. Lokhu kuphambuka akubhekwa njengokukhubazeka uma ubukhulu nobunjalo bokunyakaza kugcinwa.
Ubukhulu obukhulu, isisindo esisindayo, hhayi ukubukeka kwezemidlalo - lokhu kungumphumela wokukhetha. Ukuze uqiniseke ngalokhu, bheka nje ukuthi kwakubukeka kanjani ISt. Bernard ifanekisiwe, eyenziwe ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule.
Ubude bomzimba bubhekisela ekuphakameni okubunayo, okungu-10 kuye ku-9. Ukubuna kukhuphuka kakhulu ngaphezu komugqa ojwayelekile wangemuva. Isinqe sifushane. Umhlane nesifuba kubanzi, isifuba siyi-convex.
ISt. Bernard ingenye yezinhlobo zezinja ezithandwa kakhulu, ezikhonza umuntu ngokwethembeka.
Ikhanda elikhulu lisentanyeni enamandla. Ukhakhayi lubanzi. Ukwehla okuthe xaxa kusuka ebunzini kuya kwisifonyo. Ikhala limnyama. Amehlo aphakathi nendawo. Kanye namaphiko athuthukile, i-physiognomy ibukeka ihlakaniphile, ichaza kahle, inamandla.
Beka eceleni, imilenze eqinile. Amathanga athuthukiswe kahle futhi anemisipha. Izidladla zibanzi. Umsila mude, uyasinda, ubanzi ezansi. Ngokuvamile, inja ingachazwa njengesilwane esikhulu, esinamandla amakhulu, nesinenhlonipho.
Uhlamvu
Inja yaseSt ezolile, enobungane, hhayi ulaka. Kuboshwe umndeni. Ngenjabulo uhlangana nabantu ngisho nabantu abaziwayo. Imizwelo ayinalo kakhulu udlame. Ukuphehla umsila kalula kungabonisa injabulo yasendle.
Imisebenzi yezokuphepha yenziwa ngokungenzi lutho, ngokukhombisa amandla awo. Uma kwenzeka usongo kumalungu omndeni, inja iziveza njengomvikeli osebenzayo.
Uhlamvu lweSanta Bernard ihambelana ngokuphelele nenhloso yayo: umlingani, isikhonzi, unogada. Izici zobuntu ezinhle kakhulu zikhonjiswa uma inja ikhuliswa njengelungu lomndeni kusukela isencane. Ukukhulisa inja esibayeni esivulekile, ngaphandle kweqembu, kungaholela emiphumeleni engalindelekile, kuze kufinyelele nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo yengqondo yenja.
ISt. Bernard ihlanganisa umlingiswa onomusa namandla amakhulu omzimba.
Izinhlobo
Umsebenzi oyingozi, ukwanda okuphansi kwaholela eqinisweni lokuthi ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19 inani leSt. Bernards lehla laba sezingeni elibucayi. Ukubuyisela inani labantu, abesilisa ababili baseNewfoundland balethwa esigodlweni sezindela.
Ngenxa yokuwela okucacile, kwavela inhlobonhlobo entsha yaseSt. Bernards: enezinwele ezinde. Ithemba lokuthi ijazi eliqinisiwe lizothuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinja alizange liphumelele. Izinhlobonhlobo ezinomphetho wezinwele ezinde kwavela ukuthi azisizanga kangako emisebenzini yokutakula.
Ulayini, owasungulwa yiNewfoundlands, awuzange ume. Ngokuphambene nalokho, inguqulo enezinwele ezinde yenja yamukelwa kahle ngumphakathi futhi yaqala ukusabalala ngokushesha. Lokhu kwasizwa ubuhlakani, izikhulu, umusa nokubukeka okwesabekayo komngane onemilenze emine. Namuhla, imigqa emibili ithuthuka ngokufana: izinwele ezimfishane nezinwele ezinde.
Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20, kwenziwa imizamo eminingana yokuzalanisa izinhlobo ezintsha. Umphumela wokuwela iSt. Bernard nezinye izinja ezinkulu kwaba ukuvela kwenhlangano yokubuka yaseMoscow. Uyabizwa kwesinye isikhathi EMoscow iSt. Bernard.
Kuze kube yiminyaka yama-80s yekhulu lama-XX, kwakukhona ukuqhutshwa kwegazi ngezikhathi ezithile kweSt. Bernard kulolu hlobo. Ubumsulwa bolayini wokuzala manje buyagcinwa. Umsebenzi oyinhloko obekwe ngabafuyi ukukhulisa izimfanelo zokuvikela inja. Bayitholile. Akumangalisi ukuthi igama lohlobo luqukethe igama elithi "bukela".
ISher Bernard efushane
Ukunakekelwa nokunakekelwa
ISt. Bernard ingubukhazikhazi umnikazi wendawo yokuhlala ebanzi angaba nayo. ISt. Bernard ivame ukuvela endlini inenyanga eyodwa. Ngaphambi kwalokho, kwenzeka isigaba esibalulekile - ukukhetha umdlwane. Umbala, umsebenzi, usayizi yizindlela ezibalulekile, idatha yabazali ibaluleke kakhulu.
Ukudla imikhiqizo ojwayelene nayo, indawo yokulala ekahle, nomoya ozolile ekhaya kuzoqinisekisa ukuqala okujwayelekile empilweni. Awudingi ukubamba umdlwane ezandleni zakho noma uwuthathe uyolala isikhathi eside. Imikhuba emibi oyifunde usemncane kunzima ukuyilungisa. I-thermoregulation esebenzayo yomzimba wembuzi iqala eneminyaka engu-3-4 izinyanga. Ngakho-ke, kufanele uqiniseke ukuthi akahlali endaweni lapho uhlaka kungenzeka khona.
Ukujwayela indawo yomuntu siqu kuyingxenye ebalulekile yemfundo yokuqala. Ngasikhathi sinye, umdlwane akufanele uzizwe unesizungu. Ukuxhumana njalo namalungu omndeni kuyisihluthulelo se-psyche enempilo, ukuzethemba, kanye nohlamvu oluqinile. Umdlwane kufanele ube namathoyizi. Ngale njongo, noma yiziphi izinto ezingabangeli ukulimala zifanelekile. Akufanele kube nemingcele lapho uhambahamba ekhaya.
Umdlwane ukhula ngokushesha ngokungafani nezinye zala. ISt. Bernard ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila, ithola ama-50-70 kg. Ngokukhula okusheshayo okunjalo, umthwalo okhethekile uwela emathanjeni ohlaka lwamathambo noqwanga. Ngokunikwa leli qiniso, ukukhuphuka izitebhisi nokugxuma usuka endaweni ephakeme kuyaphikisana nomdlwane. Kuyadingeka ukuthwala umdlwane emgwaqweni kuze kube sezinyangeni ezintathu ubudala ezandleni. Benyusa behlisa, bambamba ngawo wonke umzimba.
Cishe ezinyangeni ezintathu, kwenzeka i-molt yokuqala, amazinyo aqala ukushintsha, futhi amasosha omzimba ayo aqala ukusebenza. Imikhuba efundwayo, emihle nemibi, iyahlanganiswa.
Kusukela esemncane, udinga ukuhamba nomdlwane. Kufanele uqale ngokuhamba okufishane kwemizuzu eyi-10-15. Isimo sezulu esishisayo kufanele sibe yingxenye efiselekayo yezindawo zokuqala. Ukuhamba kuqinisa amasosha omzimba enja. Ngaphezu kwalokho, injana ifunda ukuphuma ngaphandle.
Inombolo yokuhamba kwenja encane kufanele okungenani ibe yi-4. Kunconywa ukuhamba isikhathi eside kakhulu elangeni noma, okungenani, ngezikhathi zasemini. Ukuhambela umdlwane ukunyakaza okuningi, ukunganaki nokuxhumana nomnikazi. Imithwalo esindayo, ukugijima okude, ukugxuma nokukhuphuka kungaphazamisa impilo yesilwane.
Ososayensi bayalithanda ikhono likaSt. Bernard lokulindela isiphepho seqhwa kusele imizuzu engu-40 ngaphambi kokuba siqale
USt Bernard omncane uthatha isikhathi esiningi kumnikazi. Kangangokuthi kwesinye isikhathi kuyasiza ukwahlukanisa ukunakekelwa kwezilwane kuwo wonke amalungu omndeni. Ukuhlanganisa ijazi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuzilungisa inja, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuchitha. Ngokobuchwepheshe, lokhu akuyona into enzima. Ama-Combs akhethekile namabhulashi asetshenziswa njengamathuluzi. Izinwele ezimfishane iSt. Bernards ngokwemvelo azinankinga.
Ochwepheshe abatusi ukugeza inja yakho njalo. Kabili ngonyaka ubhekana nezinqubo zokugeza: entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Inja igezwa ngamanzi ekushiseni okungama-40 ° C ngokohlelo olugcwele: nge-soaping, rinsing in the shower, wiping off with a towel, drying with a hairdryer.
Ukuhamba ngakunye kungaphela ngezinqubo zenhlanzeko. Inja iyasulwa futhi ihlanzwe ngezingxenye. Isithwathwa yindlela engcono yokuhlanza uboya ebusika, nokugeza ehlobo.
Akuvamile ukuthi amehlo abhekane noboya. Izinkophe ezikhululekile azizona izivikeli zamehlo ezinhle kakhulu othulini. Isimo silungiswa ngokusulwa kwamehlo nsuku zonke ngendwangu yendwangu. Ngaphambi kwalokhu, indwangu iswakanyiswe ngamanzi afudumele noma itiye elibuthakathaka.
Uma sigeza amehlo nsuku zonke, khona-ke kwanele ukusula izindlebe kanye ngesonto. Le nqubo ilula: i-tampon iswakanyiswe nge-antiseptic (ngokwesibonelo, i-boric alcohol) bese isula i-auricle. Izenzo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, njengokushaya i-boric acid eyomile endlebeni, kufanele zenziwe kuphela ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela wezilwane.
Ezinja, ezivame ukuhamba ezindleleni ze-asphalt, uzipho luzigaya lodwa. Uma lokhu kungenzeki, udinga ukuthatha abasiki bezintambo bese usika uzipho lwe-regrown. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokucophelela ukuze kungalimazi ingxenye ephilayo yozipho. I-stratum corneum eqhekekile imbozwe nge-wax noma i-glue yezokwelapha.
Izinzipho nezidladla zezinja zivame ukonakala ebusika uma isilwane kufanele sihambe emigwaqeni efafazwa ngamakhemikhali. Ezimweni ezinjalo, kunendlela eyodwa kuphela yokuphuma: ukubeka izicathulo enjeni. Izicathulo ezilula zingakhiwa wedwa noma uthenge okwenziwe ngomumo.
Amazinyo kungenye indaba yokukhathazeka. Esontweni lesithathu lokuphila, umdlwane unamazinyo obisi. Baqala ukushintsha ezinyangeni ezi-3, ngezinyanga eziyi-11 ukushintshwa kuqediwe. Ngokuvela kwamazinyo, inja kufanele ijwayele ukuhlolwa amazinyo.
Ukushiya amazinyo kabusha ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kuhlanzwe kuzokwenza impilo ibe lula kumnikazi nakwinja uqobo. Isici esiyinhloko esithinta impilo yamazinyo, njengezinja ngokujwayelekile, ukudla.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ngokudla komdlwane onenyanga, konke kulula; umnikazi omusha kufanele amphakele ukudla okufanayo akuphiwe Indlwana yaseSt. Bernard noma umfuyi. Imithetho elula okufanele inja iyilandele ngaphandle kwemibandela: ukondla kwenzeka ngasikhathi sinye, ukudla kungatholwa esitsheni sayo kuphela.
Ingcezu yokudla ingaphakelwa esandleni somnikazi. Lokhu kuphela okuhlukile kwimithetho yokudla. Ivumela ukuxhumana okusondelene phakathi komnikazi nesilwane futhi ineqhaza empumelelweni ekufundeni nasekuqeqeshweni.
Umkhuba onzima kodwa obaluleke kakhulu wokudla okunempilo awukhethi ukudla phansi noma phansi. Ukwazi kahle lokhu kwenqatshelwa kuzogcina inja iphilile noma iphila. Ezinyangeni zokuqala zokuphila, inja iphakelwa izikhathi ezingama-5-6 ngosuku. Inani lokuphakelwa lincishisiwe laya ku-3 ngonyaka. Ineminyaka emibili, inja ingondliwa kabili ngosuku.
Inani lokudla linqunywa ngokuya ngesimo nomsebenzi womdlwane. Uma okuphakelayo kungadliwanga ngokuphelele, izingxenye ziyancipha. Uma umdlwane ukhotha isikhathi eside futhi ungashiyi, izingxenye zanda kancane.
Isisekelo sokudla kungukudla kwamaprotheni. Isici sayo esihle kakhulu yinyama eluhlaza. Inja endala enenyanga kufanele ibe ne-160-200 g ngosuku. Kancane kancane, ukusetshenziswa kwenyama kuyanda futhi ngonyaka kungafinyelela ku-0.5 kg.
Inyama yemvelaphi ehlukahlukene (inyama yenkomo, iwundlu, inyama yehhashi) ilungile, kepha akufanele ibe ngamafutha. Ukudla okuhle kakhulu kungu-offal: amaphaphu, inhliziyo, umbele. Izinso zingukudla okunempilo, kepha ngenxa yephunga elibi, inja ingakwenqaba lokho kudla.
Inhlanzi yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekudleni kweSt. Bernard. Ingashintsha ngisho nenyama ngokuphelele. Kepha ukwanelisa isidingo samaprotheni, kuzothatha isikhathi esisodwa nengxenye ngaphezulu. Imvamisa inhlanzi iphekwa okwesikhashana.
Ukuze uthuthukise ukugaya, umdlwane uthola imikhiqizo yobisi evutshiwe kusuka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Ukuze uthuthukise isakhi samaminerali novithamini, ukudla kwasolwandle kuvame ukufakwa ekudleni. Ngemuva kokudla, inja inikezwa amathambo. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi iqukethe inani elikhulu le-cartilage. I-calcium yenja enkulu kangaka ibalulekile.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Kuma-bitches, ukushisa kokuqala kwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyi-8-9. Abesilisa bakulungele ukuba abantu abadala ngenyanga ezayo. Kodwa izilwane ezincane azivunyelwe ukukhwelana. I-bitch ingaluka lapho ineminyaka emibili ubudala. Abesilisa baba yizilinganiso ezigcwele ngokugcwele eminyakeni engu-2,5. Ngaphandle kwalokho Imidlwane yaseSt izoba buthakathaka.
Izilwane ezibamba iqhaza ekukhiqizeni inzalo kufanele zibe nempilo futhi zibe sesimweni esihle. Izinja ezisondela eminyakeni eyi-8 ngokuvamile azivunyelwe ukuzala.
Eyesilisa ikulungele ukukhwelana unyaka wonke. Ngaso sonke isikhathi udinga ukugcinwa elungele le nqubo: ukondla kahle, ukuhamba kakhulu, ukuqapha impilo yakhe. Ngaphambi kokuhlangana nomuntu ozobhapathizwa ngempela, inja akufanele izwe ukutholakala kwama-bitches amanje. Inja ingethuka futhi ishe. Kulokhu, ukukhishwa kwangempela okuhleliwe kuzohluleka.
Ukukhulelwa kuthatha izinsuku ezingama-64 (izinsuku ezingama-58 kuye kwezingama-66). Ngalesi sikhathi, inja idinga ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Kusukela emavikini amathathu, ivolumu yokudla iyanda. Uma kulindeleke inani elikhulu lemidlwane, khulisa inani lokuphakelwa kukamama ozayo.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-55 kusukela ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, indawo yokulungela inja ilungiselelwe inja futhi inikezwe ithuba lokuyijwayela. Ngaphambi kokubeletha, umnikazi udinga ukuba nenja kaningi - lokhu kunikeza inja ukuzola.
Ngezingane, iSt. Bernard iziphatha ngendlela efanayo nemidlwane, ivikela futhi ikhulise
Abalimi abanolwazi bayatholakala ukusiza ngokubeletha. Uma ungenawo amakhono okunikeza usizo lokubelethisa, kungcono ukumema udokotela wezilwane. AmaSt. Bernards awakwazi ukubizwa ngeminyaka eyikhulu. Iminyaka engu-8-10 ithathwa njengesikhathi sokuphila esijwayelekile kulezi zinja.
Intengo
ISt. Bernards ibhekwa njengohlobo olungajwayelekile. Akulula ukuziqukatha. Ngakho-ke, intengo yemidlwane yozalo iphezulu. Kepha ngisho nenzalo evela kubakhiqizi abanesihloko ingaba nezinkinga ezithile.
Uma ukukhubazeka okukhona kungaphazamisi impilo, kepha kungukuphambuka okungathi sína kusuka kunqubo yokulingisa (ngokwesibonelo, ukuluma okungalungile), Intengo yaseSt ingahle isuke ku- $ 100 iye ku- $ 500. Lokhu kuthiwa yi-Pet-class.
Imidlwane eminingi ayinakho ukuphambuka kusuka kuzinga lokuzala. Kepha iso elinolwazi lochwepheshe libona ukungapheleli okuthile. Umdlwane onjalo ungabiza u- $ 500-1000. Lesi isigaba seBreed. Imidlwane ephelele kusuka kuwo wonke amaphuzu wokubuka, ompetha besikhathi esizayo kanye nabazali besikhathi esizayo bompetha zenani elingaphezu kwe- $ 1000. Lesi isigaba sokubonisa.
Ukuqeqesha
Ukuqeqeshwa kuqala ngokuhamba okulula. Ukufundisa inja ukungadlali nge-leash, ukungathathi ukudla kubantu ongabazi, ukungavumeli abantu ongabazi ukuba bazishaye futhi baziphulule kungukunqoba okukhulu esigabeni sokuqala sokuqeqeshwa.
Ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi umphumela ungatholwa kuphela ngokuthinta nokushintsha ukunakekela komdlwane. Abanye banombono wokuthi isijeziso siyindlela yemvelo futhi eyamukelekayo yokufaka ngaphakathi ukwenqatshelwa.
Okubaluleke kakhulu emiyalweni eyenqabelayo ngu- "fu". Kepha nganoma iyiphi indlela yokuletha ukuvinjelwa engqondweni yenja, lo myalo akufanele unikezwe kaningi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ilahlekelwa ukubaluleka kwayo. Eminyakeni yezinyanga ezimbalwa, ngisho nomqeqeshi ongenakho ukwazi ukuqeqesha inja ukuthi ilandele ama-oda alula: "hlala", "ubheke kimi", "izwi" nokunye okunjalo.
ISt. Bernards isabela kahle kwezinye izinja, kepha ungalokothi ubonise ulaka
Ukuqhubeka nokuqeqeshwa kuvame ukuqala cishe unyaka owodwa ubudala. Inja namanje ayilahlekelwa ukuthambekela ekuqeqesheni futhi izuza i-psyche ezinzile. Inja imvamisa ithola amakhono akhethekile ngaphansi kokuqondiswa komphathi onolwazi eneminyaka eyi-1 ukuya kwengu-2.
Izifo ezingenzeka nokuthi ungazelapha kanjani
Ngokuvamile, iSt. Bernard iyinja enempilo enhle. Kepha phakathi nesikhathi sokukhula, okungukuthi, eneminyaka yobudala yonyaka owodwa, usongelwa izifo ezahlukahlukene zamalunga namathambo. Isibonelo: i-dysplasia, i-herniated vertebral discs.
Ngokukhula kweminyaka, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile kungakhula ngenxa yokudla ngokweqile nokusebenza komzimba ongaphansi.Ngenxa yalokho - izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, umgudu wamathumbu nezinye izitho zangaphakathi.
Ifa noma ukulimala kwegciwane ohlelweni lwezinzwa kungaholela esithuthweni. Imenyu elinganiselayo, isenzo esifanelekile sokuzilungisa, nokuhamba okude kuzogcina inja iphilile. Futhi umnikazi uzokwethulwa ngobungane besidalwa esikhulu futhi esihle.
