Inyoni yase-Australia i-emu iyisakhamuzi somdabu ezweni, ikhadi lokuvakasha lezilwane zezwekazi. Abahambi baseYurophu baqala ukubona isidalwa esinemilenze emikhulu ngekhulu le-17. Izinyoni zamangala ngokubukeka kwazo nemikhuba yazo engavamile. Intshisekelo kuma-emus ase-Australia isekelwa okutholwe okusha ocwaningweni lwezinyoni.
Incazelo nezici
Igama elivela ePutukezi, isi-Arabhu lihunyushwa ngokuthi "inyoni enkulu". Intshe ye-Emu esithombeni kubukeka njenge-cassowary ngesizathu. Isikhathi eside ibibalwa phakathi kwezintshe ezijwayelekile, kepha kusigaba esibuyekeziwe, ngokususelwa ocwaningweni lwakamuva lwekhulu elidlule, kwenziwa izichibiyelo - inyoni yanikezwa i-oda le-cassowary, yize inhlanganisela yendabuko intshe u-Emu iyaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa emphakathini nasemphakathini wesayensi. Ngokuphambene ne-cassowary, umqhele we-congener awunamakhanda ekhanda.
Ukubukeka kwe-emu kukhethekile, yize kunokufana ne-cassowary, intshe. Ukukhula kwezinyoni kuze kufike ku-2 m, isisindo esingu-45-60 kg - izinkomba zenyoni yesibili ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Abesifazane kunzima ukuhlukanisa nabesilisa, umbala wabo ufana - kukhona umehluko omncane ngosayizi, izici zezwi. Kunzima ukucacisa ngamehlo ubulili benyoni.
I-emu inomzimba ominyene ohlanganiswe nomsila olengayo. Ikhanda elincane entanyeni evulekile linombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Amehlo ayindilinga ngokuma. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ubukhulu bazo buyafana nobukhulu benyoni. Ama-eyelashes amade enza inyoni ibukeke ikhethekile.
Umthethosivivinywa ubomvana, ugobile kancane. Inyoni le kayinawo amazinyo. Umbala wezimpaphe usukela kumathoni amnyama mpunga kuya konsundu, okuvumela le nyoni ukuthi ingabonakali phakathi kwezimila naphezu kobukhulu bayo obukhulu. Ukuzwa nokubona kwe-emu kuthuthukiswe kahle. Kumamitha angamakhulu ambalwa, ubona izidumbu, uzizwa eyingozi kude.
Imilenze inamandla kakhulu - ijubane lentshe emu ifinyelela ku-50-60 km / h. Ukushayisana nayo kuyingozi ngokulimala kanzima. Isinyathelo esisodwa senyoni ubude silinganiselwa ku-275 cm, kepha singakhuphuka size sifike kumamitha amathathu. Izidladla ezinemigqa ziyisivikelo se-emu.
Emlenzeni ngamunye we-emu kunezinzwane ezintathu ezinama-phalanx amathathu, ezihlukanisa nezintshe zezinzwane ezimbili. Azikho izimpaphe ezinyaweni zami. Izinyawo kuma-pads aminyene, athambile. Emakhejini anezitho eziqinile, angalimaza ngisho nocingo lwensimbi.
Ngenxa yemilenze yazo eqinile, izinyoni zihamba amabanga amade futhi ziphila impilo yokuhambahamba. Izinzipho ziyisikhali esibucayi sezinyoni, ezilimaza ngazo kanzima, futhi zibulale nabahlaseli bazo. Amaphiko enyoni awathuthuki - i-emu ayikwazi ukundiza.
Ubude abudluli ku-20 cm, amathiphu anokukhula afana nezinzipho. Izimpaphe zithambile ukuthinta. Izimpaphe zivikela le nyoni ekushiseni ngokweqile, ngakho-ke i-emu ihlala isebenza ngisho nasekushiseni kwasemini. Ngenxa yezici zophaphe, izakhamuzi zase-Australia zingabekezelela amazinga okushisa anhlobonhlobo. Le nyoni ingashaya amaphiko ayo ngesikhathi somsebenzi wayo.
Into emangalisayo nge-emu yikhono lokubhukuda kahle. Ngokungafani nezinye izinyoni zasemanzini intshe u-Emu angabhukuda awele umfula omncane. Inyoni ithanda nje ukuhlala emanzini. Izwi lentshe lihlanganisa imisindo yokububula, isigubhu, ukukhala okukhulu. Izinyoni zizwakala kude nge-2 km.
Abantu bendawo babezingela i-emu ukuthola umthombo wenyama, isikhumba, izimpaphe, ikakhulukazi amafutha abalulekile, ayesetshenziswa njengomuthi, ayesebenza njengothambisa obalulekile, kwakuyingxenye kapende wokuhlobisa umzimba womkhosi. I-cosmetology yanamuhla ifaka phakathi emu amafutha yokulungiselela ukulungiswa kwesikhumba, ukuvuselelwa kwaso.
Izinhlobo
Ukuhlukaniswa kwesimanje kuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezintathu zabantu base-Australia:
- UWoodward, ohlala enyakatho yezwekazi. Umbala uphaphathekile;
- URothschild uhlala esifundeni esiseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Australia. Umbala ubunsundu ngokumnyama;
- izintshe ezintsha zaseDashi ezihlala engxenyeni eseningizimu-mpumalanga. Izimpaphe zimpunga-mnyama.
Ukudideka okuqhubekayo phakathi kwe-emu nezintshe zase-Afrika kuyaqhubeka ngenxa yokufana kwangaphandle. Kunokwehluka okuyisisekelo phakathi kwabo:
- ubude bentamo - entsheni ubude bayo buba uhhafu wemitha;
- isakhiwo yokwakheka kwezidladla - emu ngeminwe emithathu, izintshe ezimbili;
- ekubukeni kwamaqanda - ku-emu mancane, acebile ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Intshe yase-Afrika, emu e-Australia kunezinyoni ezahlukene.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Izinyoni ezinkulu yizakhamuzi zokuqala zezwekazi lase-Australia, isiqhingi saseTasmania. Bakhetha ama-savanna, hhayi izindawo ezikhule kakhulu, izindawo ezivulekile. Izinyoni zibonakala ngokuhlala phansi, yize entshonalanga yezwekazi ziya engxenyeni esenyakatho ehlobo nasezifundeni eziseningizimu ebusika.
Kukhona intshe emu imvamisa iyodwa. Ukuhlanganisa i-emu ngababili, iqembu labantu abayi-5-7, kuyinto engavamile, ephawuleka kuphela ngezikhathi zomzabalazo, ukufuna okusebenzayo kokudla. Akuyona into ejwayelekile ngabo ukuthi balahleke njalo emihlambini.
Abalimi bazingela izinyoni uma behlangana ngobuningi babo bese benza umonakalo ngokunyathela izitshalo, bachitha amahlumela. Ngenkathi "ibhukuda" emhlabeni ovulekile, isihlabathi, inyoni yenza ukunyakaza ngamaphiko ayo, njengasesikhathini sokubhukuda. Izinyoni zasendle zihlala ezindaweni lapho kunqunywe khona izihlahla futhi zitholakala emigwaqweni.
Izinyoni ezindala cishe azinazo izitha, ngakho azifihli emasimini amakhulu. Umbono omuhle ubavumela ukuba babalekele uma kwenzeka ingozi ngejubane elifinyelela ku-65 km / h. Izitha ze-emu yizilwane ezidla izimpaphe - izinkozi, oklebe. Izinja zeDingo zihlasela izinyoni ezinkulu, futhi izimpungushe zintshontsha amaqanda ezidlekeni zazo.
Ama-Emus akhetha izindawo ezingagcwele abantu, yize bengesabi muntu, basheshe bajwayele. Emapulazini e-emu, abukho ubunzima ekugcineni. I-emu iyinyoniivumelaniswe kahle nezimo zokushisa ezahlukahlukene. Isiqhwaga sase-Australia siyakubekezelela ukupholisa phansi -20 ° С, ukushisa kwehlobo kuze kufike ku- + 40 ° С.
Izinyoni ziyasebenza emini, kuyilapho i-emu ilele ebusuku. Ukuphumula kuqala ekushoneni kwelanga, intshe icwila ebuthongweni obukhulu, ihleli ngezidladla zayo. Noma yisiphi isisusa siphazamisa konke okunye. Ebusuku, i-emu ivuka njalo ngemizuzu engama-90-100. Ngokuvamile, izinyoni zilala kuze kufike emahoreni angu-7 ngosuku.
Ngenxa yokwanda kwezintshisekelo ezinyoni, sekuvele amapulazi akhethekile okuzalaniswa kwezimboni zemidondoshiya enezimpaphe eChina, Canada, USA naseRussia. Zivumelanisa kahle nezimo zezulu ezipholile nezibandayo.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ukudla kwama-emus ase-Australia kusekelwe ekudleni kwezitshalo, nakuma-cassowaries ahlobene. Ingxenye yesilwane ikhona kancane. Izinyoni zidla ikakhulu ekuseni. Ukunakwa kwabo kudonswa amahlumela amancane, izimpande zezitshalo, utshani, okusanhlamvu. Ukuhlaselwa kwezinyoni ezitshalweni zokusanhlamvu kuletha umonakalo kubalimi, abagcini ngokuxosha abaphangi abanezimpaphe, kodwa futhi badubula nezivakashi ezingamenyiwe.
Ukufuna ukudla, izintshe ze-emu zihamba amabanga amade. Bayakujabulela ukutshalwa kwezitshalo, imbewu, izithelo, bayazithanda izithelo ezinamanzi. Izinyoni zidinga amanzi, kufanele ziphuze okungenani kanye ngosuku. Uma beseduze kwechibi, khona-ke baya emgodini wokunisela izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
Ama-emus ase-Australia awanamazinyo, njengezintshe zase-Afrika, ngakho-ke ukwenza ngcono ukugaya, izinyoni zigwinya amatshe amancane, isihlabathi, noma izingcezu zengilazi, ukuze ngosizo lwazo ukudla okugwinyiwe kungachotshozwa. Ezakhiweni ezikhethekile, ingxenye edingekayo yokugayeka esezingeni eliphakeme nayo iyangezwa ekudleni kwezinyoni.
Ukondla ekuthunjweni ehlobo kuqukethe inhlanganisela yokusanhlamvu notshani, kanti ebusika kwenziwa ngotshani obunezithasiselo zamaminerali. Uthando lwe-Emus lwahluma okusanhlamvu, ama-oats aluhlaza, ama-cranberries, ne-alfalfa. Izinyoni zidla ngokuzithandela isinkwa sokudla okusanhlamvu, izaqathe, uphizi, amagobolondo, ikhekhe, ama-beet, amazambane no-anyanisi.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, izintshe zase-Australia kwesinye isikhathi zizingela izilwane ezincane; ezinkulisa, ekudleni kwethambo, enyameni, kanye nakumaqanda enkukhu kuhlanganiswa nawo ukunxephezela ukungabikho kokudla okuvela ezilwaneni.
Inani lokudla ngosuku cishe liyi-1.5 kg. Awungehlulile imidondoshiya enezimpaphe. Amanzi kufanele atholakale ngaso sonke isikhathi, yize izinyoni zingahamba ngaphandle kwawo isikhathi eside. Ukudla kwamachwane kuhlukile. Izinambuzane, amagundane ahlukahlukene, izibankwa, nezikelemu kuba ukudla okuyinhloko kwezilwane ezisencane.
Kuze kube yizinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili ubudala, ama-emus akhulayo adinga ukudla kwamaprotheni. Ukudla okuhle kakhulu kukusiza ukuthi ukhuluphale ngokushesha. Uma ngemuva kokuzalwa imvuthuluka inesisindo esingu-500 g kuphela, khona-ke ngonyaka wokuqala wokuphila kunzima ukuwahlukanisa nabantu abadala.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Izinyoni zivuthwa ngokocansi cishe eminyakeni emibili. Kusukela kulesi sikhathi, abesifazane baqala ukubeka amaqanda. Ngokwemvelo, inkathi yokukhwelana ivela ngoDisemba-Januwari, ekuthunjweni kamuva - ekuphakameni kwentwasahlobo.
Ngesikhathi sokuqomisana, ukukhetha umlingani, izintshe zase-Australia zenza imidanso yesiko. Uma esikhathini esijwayelekile kunzima ukuhlukanisa phakathi kowesilisa nowesifazane, ngenkathi yokuhlangana kulula ukuthola ukuthi ngubani ngokuziphatha. Izimpaphe zezinsikazi ziba mnyama, izindawo zesikhumba esingenalutho eduze kwamehlo, uqhwaku luba luhlaza okotshani.
Emu iqanda lentshe
Owesilisa uheha owesifazane ngemisindo ethile efana nempempe ethule. Intshisekelo efanayo iyavezwa emidlalweni yokukhwelana, lapho izinyoni zimi zibhekene, zehlise amakhanda phansi, bese ziqala ukuzishwibeka ngenhla komhlaba. Bese kuthi owesilisa ahambise insikazi esidlekeni, azakhele sona. Lona umgodi ekujuleni kwawo phansi kufakwe amahlumela, amagxolo, amaqabunga, utshani.
Inani eliphakeme lomsebenzi wokukhwela liwela ebusika base-Australia - ngoMeyi, ngoJuni. U-Emus unesithembu, yize kunezibonelo zokusebenzisana njalo nowesifazane oyedwa. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukulwela umlingani kwenzeka ikakhulu phakathi kwabesifazane, abanolaka kakhulu. Ukulwa nokunakwa kwabesilisa phakathi kwabesifazane kungahlala amahora amaningana.
Amaqanda abekwa ngezikhathi zezinsuku eziyi-1-3. Izinsikazi eziningana zizalela amaqanda esidlekeni esisodwa, amaqanda ayi-7-8 lilinye. Sekukonke, i-clutch iqukethe amaqanda angama-25 amakhulu kakhulu anombala oluhlaza okotshani noma omnyama okwesibhakabhaka, ngokungafani namaqanda entshe amhlophe. Igobolondo liminyene, liwugqinsi. Ngamunye iqanda lesintshe inesisindo esingu-700-900 g. Uma kuqhathaniswa nenkukhu, iphindwe izikhathi eziyi-10-12 ngevolumu.
Ngemuva kokuvuthwa, abesifazane bayashiya esidlekeni, kuthi owesilisa aqhubekele ekufukameleni, bese ekhulisa inzalo. Isikhathi sokufukamela sithatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili. Indoda idla futhi iphuze okuncane kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi. Ishiya isidleke isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora we-4-5 ngosuku. Ukwehla kwesisindo sowesilisa kufinyelela ku-15 kg. Amaqanda ashintsha umbala kancane kancane, abe mnyama abe nsomi.
Emu amaphuphu
Amachwane achanyuselwe aze afike ku-12 cm ukuphakama ayasebenza kakhulu futhi akhula ngokushesha. Imichilo yokufihla ukhilimu iphela kancane ize ifike ezinyangeni ezi-3. Eyesilisa egada inzalo inolaka olukhulu ekuvikeleni amaphuphu. Ngokukhahlela, angahle aphule amathambo omuntu noma wesilo. Ubaba onakekelayo uletha ukudla ematshweleni futhi uhlala nawo izinyanga ezingama-5-7.
Isikhathi sokuphila semidondoshiya yase-Australia yiminyaka eyi-10-20. Izinyoni zifa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ziba izisulu zezilwane ezidla ezinye noma zabantu. Abantu abahlala ekuthunjweni baba ngabanikazi bamarekhodi okuphila isikhathi eside eminyakeni engama-28-30. Ungabona inyoni yase-Australia hhayi kuphela ezweni layo lomlando. Kunezinkulisa eziningi nama-zoo lapho i-emu ingumhlali owamukelekile khona.
