Izimbongolo ziyaphawuleka ngenxa yokuthi zibukeka zihlukile emehlweni abantu. Abanye bababheka njengabangahlakaniphile ngokwanele, abanye bacabanga ukuthi azikho izilwane ezihlakaniphe ngokwedlulele. Okomuntu othile imbongolo abalalelayo nabamnene, abanye bathi inkani yembongolo ayazi mkhawulo. Ukuthola iqiniso, udinga ukuvula amaqiniso athembekile atholwe ososayensi bezilwane ngenkathi kwenziwa ucwaningo.
Incazelo nezici
Imbongoloukukhula komndeni equine kusuka kwimitha elilodwa kuya kwengxenye nesigamu kunomzimba omude, i-croup emfushane. Ekhanda elikhulu kunezindlebe ezinde ezinde, zimbozwe ngoboya obuvela ngaphakathi. Umbala unamabala amnyama-mpunga, ansundu, kwesinye isikhathi kutholakala abamhlophe.
Umugqa omnyama we-longitudinal ugqama ogwini. Isisu, izindawo ezizungeze amasokhethi wamehlo, phansi kwesifonyo kulula. Imane lifishane, likhukhumezela phezulu libheke phezulu ekubuneni, umzimba uthweswe umsila ngentambo yoboya ekugcineni.
Izinselo zezilwane, eziguqulelwe ezindaweni ezingalingani, zidinga isimo sezulu esomile. Ngomswakama owedlulele, ukudangala, imifantu ivela ngaphezulu, lapho ukuvuvukala namathumba kwakha khona. Kukho konke ukuzilibazisa okulinganiselwe, imbongolo iyakwazi ukugijima ngokushesha kunehhashi lomjaho.
Ukufuywa kokuqala kwenzeka eGibhithe, ezindaweni ezizungezile. Izimbongolo zazisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ukuthutha izimpahla. Futhi ikhulelwa inyama, ubisi, ifakelwe izinqola. Kamuva, imihlambi nabantu basakazeka kuwo wonke amazwekazi ngaphandle kwe-Arctic ne-Antarctica.
Isilwane esinjengesimbongolo I-Asian kulan, ebingakwazi ukufuywa. I-Wild equines yehlukanisa izintaba ezisindayo nezizacile emathafeni amilenze emide. Abesifazane bancane kunabesilisa. Umbala we-kulan unesihlabathi noma nsundu. Uboya obude ebusika buba nezinguquko ezithile zonyaka.
Imbongolo, isilwane engathobekile, eqinile, kepha isici esiyinhloko ukuphikelela, ukubekezela. Ukuzithiba kumuntu kubonakaliswa ngokucacile ngesikhathi sokuxhashazwa ngokweqile ngale kwemingcele yamathuba. Lapho kuzaliswa izinhlobo ezifuywayo, bekungeke kwenzeke ukucindezela izakhi zofuzo ezibhekele ukuzivikela kwabantu.
Uma izimbongolo zibona ukuthi umsebenzi owedlulele uzolimaza impilo yawo, lapho-ke ngeke ziqhubekele phambili zize zithole amandla. Imbongolo iyakhala eyinqaba, engathandeki ekuboneni. Isilwane sihlala sithule. Ukubhonga okukhulu, ukusika indlebe yomuntu, kukhombisa ubungozi noma indlala.
Ngokwe-horoscope yeZoroastrian imbongolo yesilwane lifanekisela ukusimama, ukunamathela ezimisweni, ukuthula nokubekezela okukhulu. Izimbongolo zinenkani futhi ziyaphikelela ekufezeni izinhloso, azichithi isikhathi sazo ezintweni ezingathi sína, aziphazanyiswa yizinto ezingasho lutho. Uma behlula isithiyo, akekho noyedwa ongavimba. Izilwane zingabasebenzi abakhulu, zibona injongo yokuphila emsebenzini, hhayi isizathu sokuthola udumo.
Abantu, i-totem yabo imbongolo, abathandi ukungqubuzana, bavusa ubutha. Bangabantu abathobela umthetho, abajwayelene nokuzidela, inhlonipho yokuzinza. Ukulinganisela, ubudlelwano, ukubekezela kufaka isandla ekwakheni ubumbano lomndeni oluqinile, kunikeze izidingo zamalungu omndeni ngokugcwele. Ukulinganisa izithelo zomsebenzi, bona uqobo lwabo banquma ukuthi bathathe ikhefu lini emsebenzini.
Uma imiphumela yokugcina ingacacile futhi ingacacile, khona-ke i-totem yembongolo izoma ukusebenza isikhashana, naphezu kokukhathazeka kwengqondo. Lapho nje umgomo ucacile, uzobuyela ebhizinisini futhi.
Izinhlobo
Imbongolo yanda kakhulu e-Asia Ephakathi, e-Afrika nasemazweni aseMpumalanga Ephakathi. E-Russian Federation, ama-99% wabantu ahlala eDagestan. Yize iqiniso lokuthi imbongolo ayiyibekezeleli imozulu yaseYurophu enomswakama, ifuyelwa ezindaweni ezikhethekile zezazi zezilwane ezivela emazweni athuthukile aseYurophu.
Izimbongolo ezihlukile ezihlala ezifundeni ezahlukahlukene, kunezinhlobo ezingaba amakhulu amathathu. Izinhlobo ezithakazelisayo ezinezici ezivelele zifaka phakathi:
1. Poiatus
Yakhiwe ePoitou, ebangeni elingu-500 km ukusuka enhlokodolobha yaseFrance, emakhulwini ayi-10 edlule. Isibalo sabantu sincane, kepha asincane njengehhafu yekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Izimbongolo ezinobude obubomvu ngokusobala obuyisithupha, obufinyelela ku-10 cm nangaphezulu, phambilini bezisetshenziselwa inhloso yazo emsebenzini wezolimo.
Ngokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwamapulazi, izilwane zathunyelwa ngobuningi bazohlatshwa. Engxenyeni eyikhulu edlule, kwakuno-30 kuphela abameleli bohlobo. Ngenxa yezishoshovu ezilwela amalungelo ezilwane, inani labantu likhule kakhulu.
2. Sardinian (Mediterranean) into encane
Ukukhula kwembongolo akweqi ngamasentimitha angama-90. Umbala oyinhloko igundane, kepha ukuhluka okusuka kumbala onsundu kuya kobomvu kuyavunyelwa. Isilwane sinobungane, sihambisana kahle nezinja, sigingqika ngemuva kwezingane. Abelusi bavame ukusebenzisa lolu hlobo lokuvikela imfuyo.
Naphezu kokubonakala kwayo okuncane, imbongolo yaseSardinia ayikwazisi nje kuphela ngezwi ngokusondela kwabafokazi, kepha futhi ihlasela isitha ngesibindi. Izimbongolo zizolile, zinesibindi futhi zihlakaniphile. Bafaka imibala yomndeni noma babe ngumngane womuntu onesizungu.
3. UMammoth
Abamele umphakathi yizilwane ezinkulu. Izimbongolo zifinyelela ekuphakameni okungu-160 cm, izimbongolo - cm 140. Zalelwa e-United States ukuze ziqhubeke nokuwela ngamahhashi neminyuzi. Yize kusetshenziswa imishini yezolimo, abalimi bayaqhubeka nokusebenzisa lolu hlobo. Umbala wezingubo ezimfushane usukela kobomvu uye komnyama.
4. IsiCatalan
Uhlobo oluqinile, oluqinile lwaseSpain lungamasentimitha ama-5 ubude kune-mammoth. Yenzelwe ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kojantshi wesitimela, ukuthuthwa kwamaminerali. Uniform umbala omnyama. Umbala okhanyayo, ompunga uyisici somzimba ongezansi, isifonyo kanye nezinsika zamehlo.
5. IDagestan
Imbongolo ayithobeki lapho igcinwa. Isetshenziselwa ukuhambisa izimpahla ezindleleni ezimangelengele zezintaba. Uhlobo aluphakeme - imitha iyabuna. Umbala umnyama noma ulula. Imivimbo emnyama emhlane nasemahlombe.
Isifiso sokuzalela uhlobo oluqinile futhi oluqinile lwaholela ekuweleni kwezimbongolo ngezimbuzi. Ama-mules asabalele e-Asia, India, Africa. Izilwane ziyalalela, kulula ukugibela kuzo. Into enhle nge-hybrid ukuthi igcina isikhathi eside isebenza, ihlala iminyaka engu-5-7 ubude kunezimbongolo. Umnyuzi uzuze njengefa izici zabazali bobabili.
I-Loshak - i-hybrid yembongolo nehhashi ayithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yobunzima bokuzala, amandla amancane. Ihhashi lifana nembongolo kunehhashi. Isetshenziselwa ukuthutha, sebenza epulazini.
Indlela yokuphila nendawo yokuhlala
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Afrika, ukuqothulwa kwesilwane ngezinhloso zokwelashwa, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kwaholela ekususweni kwezimbongolo zasendle ezindaweni zazo zokuqala. Indawo yokusabalalisa inciphile emazweni amaningana asentshonalanga nasenyakatho ye-Afrika (i-Eritrea, i-Ethiopia, neSomalia).
Izimbongolo zitholakala ezindaweni ezinezintaba kuze kufike kumamitha ayizinkulungwane ezimbili ngaphezu kogu lolwandle nasezindaweni eziwugwadule ezinotshani obungaqinile. Izilwane zihlala phansi, zihlala emihlambini emincane yabantu abangaphansi kwe-15.
Izinselo eziqinile azesabi isihlabathi esishisayo namatshe ashisayo. Ukunyakaza okuphumuzayo ntambama kuyofuna ukudla kusindisa ekushiseni ngokweqile. Balinda ukushisa emihosheni enamadwala.
Ngokungenasidingo, isilwane asishayisani nezitha ezingaba khona, sizama ukweqa ingozi. Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yokubona okuhle nokuzwa. Izinhlobo zasendle ziyizinhlobo ezisengozini yokuqothulwa, okuboniswa kwiRed Book.
Imbongolo yesilwane engathobekile esimweni sezulu esishisayo esomile. I-canopy noma i-corral enendawo ephelele ye-5 sq. m anele kokuqukethwe okunethezeka. Ebusika ngamazinga okushisa e-subzero, kudingeka ishede elinezindonga ezingashaywanga kanye naphansi kwepulangwe elimbozwe ngotshani. Ubumanzi, umoya obandayo ngokunakekelwa okungafanele kungadala imikhuhlane.
Izimbongolo azivamile ukugula, azidingi izicathulo zamahhashi, ngoba izinselo zinamandla ngokwemvelo. Bahlukaniswa ngokwazi ukuhambisa imithwalo enesisindo esingaphezu kwesigamu somzimba wabo. Kwesinye isikhathi isisindo silingana nobunzima bedonki.
Lapho ukhathele, umzwelo wokuzivikela uyenziwa. Isilwane ngeke sinyakaze kuze kube yilapho sibona kunesidingo sokuqhubekela phambili. Kwazisa isimo esihle kuye, kunamathela kumnikazi, kuphuthelwa ngaphandle kwakhe.
Imbongolo iba ngumqaphi omuhle lapho kudla imfuyo. Ngesibindi uxosha izilwane ezidla ezinye, awunikeli ngisho nezimpisi. Ukuzigcina kufanelekile kudinga umsebenzi wansuku zonke, amadlelo mahhala noma ukuhamba ibanga elide.
Ukunakekelwa kwezilwane kufaka ukusetshenziswa kwebhulashi, ukugcina izinselo zihlanzekile. Isikhumba esimanzi asikhululekile. Kusetshenziswa ingubo yokuvikela imvula namakhaza. Okungenani zonke izinsuku, indawo yokuhlala idinga ukuhlanzwa ngomquba.
Imbongolo iyagonywa, isikhumba siyelashwa ngezinambuzane eziphazamisayo, futhi banikezwa imithi ye-helminths. Imbongolo yasekhaya ayisiyena nje umsizi wokusebenza kanzima, kodwa futhi iyisilwane esihamba naso esithembekile kumalungu omndeni, kubandakanya nezingane.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ukuze kugcinwe impilo nokusebenza kahle, imbongolo idinga ukudla kwezitshalo ezinama-khalori aphansi okune-fiber. Izimbongolo ziklaba emini, zidle ukudla ngezingxenye ezincane. Izinhlamvu zesitashi ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu koshukela (ummbila, ukolweni, ama-oats) azifanele. Lapho le mikhiqizo idliwe, izilwane zikhuluphala ngokweqile futhi impilo yazo iba yimbi.
Izimbongolo zichitha isikhathi sazo sasemini emadlelweni. Kepha izitshalo ezibulala imifino ehlobo kanye notshani ebusika azenzi isisekelo sokudla. Ukudla okuyisisekelo kwembongolo yasekhaya utshani. Emvelweni wazo wemvelo, izilwane zidla utshani, amagxolo ezihlahla, amajikijolo.
Izilwane ezindala ezinamazinyo agugile, izimbongolo ezigulayo nezincelisayo zithanda amakhoba. Ukudla okweqile kwamaprotheni kuholela ekufeni kwesilwane. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi okhokho bezimbongolo ezifuywayo badabuka emazweni omile ase-Afrika.
Abanikazi bahluka ngokudla ngemifino nezithelo. Inani lemikhiqizo enikelwayo akufanele leqe isandla esisodwa ngesikhathi. Kufakwa imenyu izaqathe, ubhanana, i-apula.
Imikhiqizo enqatshelwe:
- inhlanzi yenyama;
- isinkwa, abaqhekezi;
- confectionery, izimpahla ezibhakiwe;
- iklabishi yazo zonke izinhlobo;
- amazambane.
Izimbongolo zasendle azithambekele ekuniseleni amanzi - kwanele ukuza emgodini wokunisela kanye ezinsukwini ezintathu. Imbongolo inikezwa amanzi ekhaya nsuku zonke, futhi ngenkathi ebandayo iyashiswa futhi.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Ukukhiqizwa kabusha kwezilwane endle kulawulwa yimvelo, ngakho-ke inzalo ivame ukuzalwa igula, ibuthakathaka. Iqiniso ukuthi ukukhwelana kwenzeka lapho ukuthomba kufinyelelwa, kuqala eminyakeni emibili ubudala. Futhi ukukhula ngokomzimba kwezimbongolo kuphela kuphela eminyakeni emine.
Ngesikhathi i-estrus yabesifazane, owesilisa ukhombisa intshisekelo, ehogela ngaphansi komsila, alume intamo yentombi yakhe. Uma imbongolo iletha inzalo njalo eminyakeni emibili, khona-ke iduna lilungele ukukhulelwa unyaka wonke.
Igama lokuthwala ithole lisukela onyakeni owodwa kuye onyakeni nasezinyangeni ezimbili, ukondla ubisi kufinyelela ezinyangeni eziyisishiyagalolunye, kepha sekuvele emasontweni amabili ingane idla ukudla kwezitshalo. Ukukhulelwa kuvame ukuba yi-singleton, kuyaqabukela kuvela amathole amabili.
Izimbongolo zasekhaya zilungiselelwe ukukhulelwa. Nikeza ngama-vitamin supplements, unciphise ukusebenza komzimba. Indoda ikhethwa ngezici ezihamba phambili zokuzala, isisindo esifanele, iphilile futhi yondlekile.
Amapulazi amakhulu adinga inzalo yokuzalanisa aqala ekusetshenzisweni kokukhulelwa. Emapulazini amancane, ukunitha kwenzeka ngezindlela ezintathu - ngesandla, ukugunda, ukupheka.
Esimweni sokuqala, lezi zithandani zishiywa esibayeni, lapho izilwane zazane kangcono khona. Ukufakwa komanyolo kulawulwa ngumgcini ukuvimbela ukuphuma kwesikhathi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Uma kwenzeka, ukukhwelana kuyaphindwa.
Ngendlela yokugunda, owesilisa usala yedwa neqembu lezimbongolo emadlelweni avulekile. Indlela yokupheka ifaka ukumbozwa kwezimbongolo eziningana ngendoda eyodwa esibayeni. Izindlela ezimbili zokugcina zibhekwa njengokukhiqiza kakhulu.
Isikhathi sokuphila kwezimbongolo sithonywe ngofuzo, impilo, izimo zokuphila nokuxhashazwa kwesilwane. Iminyaka engamashumi amabili kuya kwamashumi amathathu nanhlanu ibhekwa njengesilinganiso. Kunabantu abaneminyaka eyikhulu abafinyelela eminyakeni engama-47.
