Ngaphandle kophawu lwesilwane olusemthethweni. Amazwe amaningi ahlotshaniswa nalokhu noma lezo zinhlobo zezinyoni, izilwane ezincelisayo, izinhlanzi. I-Russia inebhere elisendaweni emhlophe, i-Australia ine-kangaroo, i-India inengwe, kanti iCanada ine-beaver.
Ngaphandle kwemingcele yayo, i-Ukraine ayihlotshaniswa nanoma yisiphi isilwane. Ngabe lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi kunezilwane ezimbi ezweni? Izazi zezilwane zinikeza impendulo engeyinhle. Ubukhulu be-Ukraine buyizinhlobo zezilwane ezingama-28,000.
Kunama-vertebrate ayizi-690 kuphela.Izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-3 000 ngama-arachnids. Izinambuzane ezweni ziningi kakhulu, kunezinhlobo ezingama-20 000. Kunezinyoni ezingaba ngu-400 e-Ukraine, nezinhlanzi ezingaba ngu-500.
Izilwane zasendle zase-Ukraine
Ingulube
Ezinye izingulube zasendle zase-Ukraine azisekho endle. Ngonyaka odlule, ngokwesibonelo, izilwane ezimbalwa zathathwa yibutho lamasosha ezwe. Izingulube zafundiswa ukwazisa ngokusondela kwabantu esikhundleni sezinja, ukufuna imingcwabo.
AmaSavages awasebenzi kabi kunezinja, ngaphandle kokucela inyama. "Abasebenzi abasha" banelisekile ngezikhulu nezipho zehlathi. Izingulube - zinkulu izilwane zase-Ukraine... Ubude zifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-170. Ukuphakama lapho kubuna kufinyelela imitha elilodwa. Ingulube yasendle endala inesisindo esingaphansi kwamasentimitha amabili.
Ukungacaci kwezingulube zasendle ekudleni kwazo kungenxa yokungabi bikho kwenqwaba yamahlumela okunambitha. Izilwane, isibonelo, azizwa ubumunyu. Kodwa izingulube zasendle zinomuzwa omuhle kakhulu wephunga. Ezinsimini zamasosha, izingulube zibala abantu ezingabazi ngephunga, izinja ezidlula kuleli khono cishe izikhathi ezintathu.
Lalela izwi lesingulube sasendle
Impungushe
Ku-2017, izimpungushe zasendle ezingama-57,000 zabalwa kubukhulu be-Ukraine. Wonke umuntu uyakwazi ukuzwa nokuhogela igundane ngaphansi kongqimba olungamamitha ayiqhwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho izilwane zasendle zase-Ukraine banobuqili futhi bahlakaniphile.
Esikhathini esithile esidlule, ukuzingelwa kwezimpungushe kwakwenziwa hhayi kakhulu ngenhloso yokudla okwezemidlalo. Ukukopela yindebe eyinkimbinkimbi ekhuluma ngekhono nokuhlangenwe nakho komzingeli.
Izimpungushe zihlobene nezinja. Abantu bazamile ukuthambisa amakhanda abomvu phambi kwezinja. Ubufakazi balokhu yithuna elinensalela yomuntu nendoda yakhe ethambile. Ukungcwaba kwatholakala ngabavubukuli eJordani. Ukuthandana kwento kukhombisa umlando wayo weminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyi-12.
Umvundla
Izinsalela zigcwala izinkambu ezivulekile I-Ukraine. Umhlaba wezilwane amazwe angenazindlebe ezinde ngabe awaphelele. Ukuba izinkulungwane zeminyaka "ekubukeni" kwezilwane ezizingelayo nabazingeli, ama-hares aqala ukuzalwa enemilenze yangemuva engenakulinganiswa. Yingakho izilwane ziba nokugwinciza. Ngakho igama lesidlaliso "oblique". Ixhumeke hhayi nombono wonogwaja, kodwa nokunyakaza kwayo.
AmaHare azingelwa yonke indawo, kepha awafakwa kunoma iyiphi iRed Book. Isiza ukuzala kwezilwane. Amacala okukhulelwa kwabesifazane ayaziwa ngisho nangesikhathi sokudilizwa yinzalo edlule. Izindlebe zazo zizala ngobuningi, zikhula ngokushesha.
UMuskrat
it izilwane exotic Ukraine... Bangu-300 kuphela kuleli lizwe.Bonke bahlala esifundeni saseSumy. Emhlabeni, nokho, kunama-desman angama-35 000. Ngokwesilinganiso seplanethi, nayo incane, ngakho-ke lesi silwane sibalwa kuRed Book lomhlaba wonke.
I-desman iyisilwane esidla izinambuzane, esinamanzi amancane eqembu le-relic. Sekuyizigidi zeminyaka isilo singakashintshi neze. Lokhu ngokwengxenye kufakazela ukuphelela kohlobo lwangempela, futhi ngokwengxenye ukwehluleka kwemvukuzane yamanzi ukuzivumelanisa nezinto ezingokoqobo ezishintshayo. Ngekhulu lama-21, owesibili weza phambili, inani labantu lincipha kakhulu.
Iminki yaseYurophu
Ngenxa yokudutshulwa kwabantu abaningi, abantu abangama-200 basala e-Ukraine. Ukunyamalala kwabantu nakho kuhlotshaniswa nokuncintisana. Iminki yaseMelika yalethwa kuleli zwekazi, futhi iyashesha futhi iyabekezela. Ngakho-ke, izinhlobo zaseYurophu zichazwe emakhasini eRed Book yase-Ukraine.
UMink uhlala emathafeni ezikhukhula zemifula yemaqeleni namahlathi. Idamu liyisidingo sokuphila kwesilwane. Esikhathini esedlule lokhu bekukwenza kube lula ukuzingela isilwane. Ayidluli ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-200 ukusuka emanzini.
I-lynx ejwayelekile
Kunama-lynx angama-400 kulo lonke elase-Ukraine. Ukwehla kwabantu kuhlotshaniswa nokudutshulwa koboya. Manje ukuzingela akuvunyelwe, kepha akuphelanga ukubhekwa njengobuciko. I-lynx izwa izinyathelo zomuntu eziqhele ngamakhilomitha ambalwa, ngakho-ke kuphela abazingeli abanekhono kakhulu abangasondela esilo.
Inani le-lynx elinciphileyo liyisizathu sokuchuma kwezimpungushe. Ikati lasendle liyabazonda, libabhubhise kwasekuqaleni. Kodwa-ke, ukushoda kwama-lynxes kwavumela izimpungushe ukuba zizale, ukuze zikhululeke.
Igopher enamachashazi
Uhlala emakoloni amancane esifundeni saseKharkov, ehlala emaqeleni. Ubude besilwane bungamasentimitha angama-26-37, sinesisindo esifinyelela kuyikhilogremu elilodwa nohhafu. Ama-Gopher ahlukaniswa namanye amagundane ngezindlebe. Akubekiwe cishe entanyeni futhi kuncane kakhulu, kufana nezimbobo.
Inyathi
Yisilwane esikhulu kunazo zonke e-Ukraine. Abanye abantu banesisindo esingaphezu kwethani. Abesilisa balula baze bafike kumamitha amabili kuya kwamathathu, bafike kumamitha amathathu ubude. Ungabona imidondoshiya eCarpathians naseVolyn.
Izinyathi zanamuhla zilethwa e-Ukraine. Abazingeli baqothula isilwane esasikuyo. Inyathi yokugcina ezweni yawa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18. Lapho kuvela umbono wokuvikela izilwane nokubuyisa izinhlobo zezilwane ezisengozini, abashisekeli baletha imidondoshiya emisha ezweni.
Shrew
Lesi yisikhisi esincane kunazo zonke esidla izinambuzane. Isilwane sinesisindo esingama-5 amagremu. Isisindo nobukhulu buyefana nobamagundane, ngakho izilwane zididekile. Kodwa-ke, isikulufu sinomphimbo omude, okhombisiwe. E-Ukraine, ama-shrews ahlala emaqeleni nasezindaweni ezinamahlathi, kepha ikakhulukazi athanda amahlathi e-oki anengqimba yotshani ethuthukisiwe nomswakama ophakeme.
IBeverver
Ingaphansi kokuvikelwa. Inani lama-beaver lehla. Lokhu akuvimbeli izilwane ukuthi zibambe intende phakathi kwezihibe ezinde ze-Independent. Abantu kuphela abangaphambi kwama-beaver.
Abaphumelele "indondo yesiliva" baphila isigamu sekhulu leminyaka. Ngisho namabhere akuvamile enza lokhu kakhulu, imvamisa kukhawulwa iminyaka engama-30. AmaMartens nawo athathwa njengekhulu leminyaka lezilwane e-Ukraine, kepha iminyaka yawo ikhawulelwe eminyakeni engama-20.
U-Elk
Esikhulu kunazo zonke phakathi kwezilwane ezinezimpondo zamahlathi zeNezalezhnaya. Iqukethe nezihlobo eziseduzane ze-moose - izinyamazane. Abokugcina bahlangana emihlambini. Ama-Elks aphila impilo eyedwa. Abesilisa bezinhlobo banesisindo esingaba ngama-400 kilograms, kuthi abesifazane babe ngama-300 kilograms. Ukugcina isisindo, izilwane zidla amakhilogremu angu-25 ohlaza nsuku zonke.
Ihlengethwa elimnyama lolwandle olumnyama
Leli yihlengethwa. Isilwane esincelisayo sinesisindo esingaphezu kuka-100 kilograms. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amahlengethwa, ihlengethwa eliyibhodlela alilikhulu. Ngokude, isilwane asidluli kumamitha amathathu. Amahlengethwa ama-Bottlenose ayasebenza ebusuku, ahlala ngamaqembu abantu abayi-3-6. Bephishekela izinhlanzi, bavame ukusondela ogwini lolwandle.
Izinyoni zase-Ukraine
I-thrush kaSvenson
Ukutholakala emazweni ase-Ukraine. Inyoni iyafana ne-thrush encane, kepha inkulu futhi inombala onsundu. Inhloko enezimpaphe nomsila kubomvu ngokubomvu. Ubude be-Svenson's thrush buyi-16-20 centimeters, bunesisindo esingama-gramu angama-40. Le nyoni itholakala esifundeni saseKharkiv, kepha ivame ukundiza.
Lalela izwi lenyoni emnyama
I-Canary finch
Kutholakala entshonalanga ye-Ukraine. I-reel inesisindo esingama-gramu ayi-10, futhi ayidluli ngamasentimitha ayi-12 ubude. IPtakha ihlala ezingadini nasemapaki. Abaqaphi bezinyoni babhekisela kulezi zinhlobo njengezinyoni zezwe lamasiko. Ekhaya, njengopholi, izintaka azihlali, kepha zihlala ziseduze nabantu.
Izintaka zivame ukubonwa eBelovezhskaya Pushcha. Izinyoni zasendaweni zifakiwe kokuphakanyisiwe izinhlobo zezilwane zase-Ukraine. Izinyoni zezwe zibizwa ngokuthi i-European canary finch, yize zihlukile kokujwayelekile kuphela kuzindawo ezikhethwayo.
Linnet
Ifinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-16 ubude futhi inesisindo esingu-20-23 amagremu. Imvamisa lenyoni ibukeka njengendlunkulu, kepha ngesikhatsi sekukhwelana tinhloko nemabele emadvodza anombala lobovu. Lokhu kunikeza izinyoni ukubukeka okuhle.
ILinnet ingeyezintaka, ngokuba ngumculi ohamba phambili phakathi kwabo. Le nyoni ihlanganisa ngokuvumelanayo ama-trill, amakhwela, ukububula kanye nokutshiyoza. Ukucula kuyikhadi lephondo eliyinhloko lenyoni ngesikhathi sokukhwelana.
I-oatmeal
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu e-Ukraine: ingadi, umhlanga nokujwayelekile. Zonke zihlala emadlelweni avulekile anezimila ezingavamile. Izinyoni ezivamile zingamasentimitha ayi-3-5 amakhulu. Abesilisa bagqama ngezimpaphe zabo eziphuzi zegolide nezingoma zomculo.
I-Garden bunting inezwi eliyisidina nombala ophaphathekile. Izimpaphe ezisekhanda lenyoni ziyiminqumo. Ekuhlanganisweni kwemihlanga, ikhanda limnyama, ngemuva limpunga, futhi isisu sicishe sibe mhlophe. Igama elijwayelekile lama-subspecies ezinyoni lanikezwa nguKarl Liney. Wabiza isilwane i-citronella, okuyiLatini elisho "ulamula".
Ama-Wagtails
Kunezinhlobo ezine zama-Ukraine: aphuzi, anamakhanda amnyama, amhlophe futhi anezintaba. Zonke zinomsila omude, izinyoni ezinyakazayo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Njengoba "umsila" uhunyushwa ngokuthi "umpristi", kuvela ukuthi izimpaphe ziyamnyakazisa. Ngakho-ke, ngendlela, igama elithi "amanabukeni".
Izinqola ezinamakhanda aphuzi namnyama ziyafana, kepha eyokuqala inekhanda elinsundu. Kubamele bezinhlobo ezimhlophe, umugqa okhanyayo uhamba ngamehlo. Ngenhla nangaphansi kwakhe kunezimpaphe ezimnyama. Ku-wagtail wezintaba, ikhanda nomzimba wonke cishe mpunga.
Inkanyezi ejwayelekile
Kungaba ikhayithi, ixoxo, isihlahla, i-warbler, i-mallard. Kulula ukwenza iphutha ngenkanyezi kubo uze ubone inyoni. Inkanyezi iyinkosi yokulingisa ngezwi. Le enezimpaphe iyashesha ukuqonda indlela yokubiza ezinye izilwane, ifake "ama-arias" azo ekuculeni kwayo.
Ngaphandle, inkanyezi ejwayelekile ifana nenyoni emnyama. Izimpaphe ezifanayo ze-iridescent ngamathoni amnyama. Uqhwaku olufanayo oluwolintshi. Kodwa-ke, umsila wenkanyezi mfushane, kunamachashazi amhlophe emzimbeni. Ngokungafani ne-thrush, le nyoni iyagijima futhi ayibhampi.
Kamenka-pleshanka
Uyi-pleshanka ngenxa yempandla emhlophe ekhanda lakhe. Kodwa-ke, isisu senyoni naso asikhanyi. Izimpaphe zimnyama ngokujulile phakathi kwezimagqabhagqaba ezinempandla. Lona ngumbala wesilisa. Izinsikazi zezinhlobo zinombala onsundu onsundu. Le nyoni ibizwa ngeKamenka ngoba ihlala emaqeleni asezintabeni. Ukufakwa kwamaminerali ngaphansi kwezinyawo kuyimfuneko yendawo enempandla.
I-Belobrovik
Ungowomndeni we-thrush. Uhlala ezifundeni eziseningizimu ye-Ukraine. Ngenhla kwamehlo, kusukela emlonyeni kuya entanyeni yalowo onezimpaphe, kunemigqa emhlophe, efana namashiya. Ungasibona futhi isilwane ngamabala abomvu ezinhlangothini.
Ubude bebhungane elibomvu libomvu lifinyelela kumasentimitha angama-24, futhi lilinganisa cishe amagremu angama-55. Njalo eminyakeni eyi-10, inani labamele izinhlobo zezilwane e-Ukraine nakwamanye amazwe lincishiswa ngokwesithathu. Ngakho-ke, isimo sokuvikela se-red-browed: - "eduze nokusongela." Kuze kube manje, isibalo sezinyoni ezimnyama siyamukeleka, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi isimo siyadabukisa.
I-Bluethroat
Kungokwenhlobo yama-nightingales, amangalisa kakhulu phakathi kwawo. Kunemigqa eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, i-orange, nsundu esifubeni nasentanyeni. Inyoni enesisindo senyoni. Kukhona nendawo enombala osawolintshi emsileni. Ingemuva nezimpiko kuyi-beige. Abesifazane bezinhlobo, noma kunjalo, abathandeki kangako.
Ebhekisa ku-nightingale, i-bluethroat ikhombisa izimangaliso zamaphimbo, ikhipha kalula ama-trill ayo futhi ilingise ezinye izilwane. Lezi zamuva zisiza ukudida, ukwesabisa izilwane ezizingelayo.
Ukuhlekisa ngokuhlaza
Uhlala emathafeni ebhange lesobunxele lase-Ukraine. Izimpaphe zinesisindo esifinyelela ku-20 amagremu. Kukhona nabantu abangu-8 gram. Le nyoni icishe ibe ngamasentimitha ayi-13 ubude. Umbala wesilwane uhlakaniphile, ngamathoni we-beige kanye nsundu nge-tint eluhlaza.
Lokhu kuvumela ingane ukuthi izifihle kumakhasi. Ukuhleka usulu akubonakali ikakhulukazi ezihlahleni ze-birch. Le nyoni ibizwa ngokuthi inyoni ehlekisayo, ngoba kubonakala sengathi ilingisa ezinye izinyoni. Kwesinye isikhathi ukucula kwenyoni kufana nokugigitheka.
Isihloko esinomsila omude
Futhi inyoni eyi-10 gram efinyelela kumasentimitha ayi-15 ubude. Izinhlaka zesilwane ziyindilinga. Ngisho noqhwaku lunale ndlela. Incane, iqunjelwe, imfishane. Ikhanda, isifuba nesisu sale nyoni kumhlophe.
Izimpaphe zimnyama phezulu. Umsila omude umnyama qwa. Kunezindawo ezibomvana ezimpikweni. I-titmouse enomsila omude ivame ukuhlala eduze kwabantu. Lapho zikhetha izindawo zezimboni, izinyoni zifihla izidleke zazo nge-polyethylene.
I-Crested lark
Ihlukaniswe ngama-subspecies ama-5. U-Ukraine uhlala eNezalezhnaya. Abamele bayo banesisindo esingama-gramu angama-50, kubhekiswa ezinyonini ezinesilinganiso esiphakathi. I-crest ekhonjiwe ekhanda lekhanda. Umlomo omkhulu, ogobile kancane uyabonakala. Izimpaphe zesilwane ziyaqonda - nsundu emnyama.
Igwababa
Isilinganiso esisodwa nesigamu sobukhulu begwababa, avame ukudideka ngalo. Khonamanjalo, emndenini wamagwababa, igwababa likhulu kakhulu. Le nyoni iphila impilo yokudla. Kwesinye isikhathi, isilwane sihlasela amajuba.
Ngo-2014, noma kwaba yizinyoni, ezikhishwe uPapa ngokuncenga ukuxazulula isimo e-Ukraine. Amajuba okuthula ahlaselwa ngasikhathi sinye igwababa nengabangaba. Umphakathi uthathe lesi sehlakalo njengophawu olubi. Amagwababa abhekwa njengenye yezinyoni ezihlakaniphe kakhulu, kulula ukuwafunda, futhi angakwazi ukukhiqiza inkulumo yomuntu.
Rook
Amarokhi eza e-Ukraine ebusika ebusika esuka eRussia. Ngenxa yemizwa yezepolitiki, iphephandaba iDnipro Vecherniy laze labiza lezi zinyoni ngokuthi “ama-freeloaders”. Bakhethe isifunda saseZhytomyr sezwe. Ku- "Evening Dnieper" efanayo babhala ukuthi awekho ngaphezu kwama-10% ama-rook asendaweni ebusika. Zonke ezinye izinyoni zindiza zivela "ezweni elinolaka".
Ngaphandle, ama-rook abukeka njengegwababa, kepha awanazo izimpaphe ezansi komlomo. Njengoba ziphoqelelwe ukuba ziye ebusika, izinyoni zibuyela ezweni lakubo ngaphambi kwabanye, maphakathi no-Mashi. Uma ucabanga ngezitatimende zezintatheli zase-Ukraine, abanye baseRussia baqaphele ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ama-rook abe namahloni ngokuba khona kwawo isikhathi eside.
I-Nutcracker
Inyoni enamaphiko ayisigamu semitha ubude, cishe ngamasentimitha angama-30. I-nutcracker ipendwe nsundu ngemigqa eminingi ekhanyayo, eyomndeni wakwa-corvids. I-Nutcracker ayidli amantongomane kuphela, kodwa futhi nama-acorn, imbewu ye-beech, amajikijolo.
I-oriole ejwayelekile
Igama lenyoni linokuthile okufana negama lesiLatini elithi "golden". Inyoni inombala ogqamile, obalele. Izimpaphe ezimnyama nomlomo obomvu kunezela umehluko. Kusuka kokugcina, kuzwakala imisindo, efana nemiculo yomtshingo.
Ngakho-ke, abantu baqala i-ivologue, njenge-nightingale, ekhaya, bejabulela ukucula kwezinyoni. Emahlathini, ama-orioles abhekwa njengokuhleleka, adla izinambuzane eziyingozi, ikakhulukazi, amacimbi anoboya.
I-Peregrine falcon
Iphrojekthi eyinkimbinkimbi yemicibisholo yase-Ukraine yaqanjwa njengegama lakhe. ERussia, esinye sezitimela ezihamba ngesivinini esikhulu saqanjwa ngalesi sinezimpaphe. Ukhozi ukhula ngesivinini esikhulu, ubamba inyamazane ngesivinini sonyazi. Ubude be-peregrine falcon bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-58. Isilwane sinesisindo esingafinyelela kukhilogremu elilodwa nohhafu. Abesifazane basinda futhi bakhulu.
I-Kobchik
Ukhozi omncane onombala ompunga, isifuba esincane esisawolintshi nomlomo ocebile we-orange. Imilenze enezimpaphe nayo inemibala egqamile. Ihlukile kwamanye ama-falc ngomlomo wayo obomvu. Endizeni, ukumakwa okumhlophe kuyabonakala ezimpapheni zokundiza zeduna. Basemsileni wenyoni.
I-kingfisher evamile
Kubizwa nangokuthi luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Inyoni inombala ogqamile. Ngaphezu kokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iqukethe ne-orenji. Amabala amhlophe akhona entanyeni nasezihlathini. Imilenze ye-kingfisher ibomvu, kanti uqhwaku lude, lujiyile, lunombala onsundu.
IKingfisher yodwa. Okuhlukile ngabesilisa ngesikhathi sokuzala. Izinyoni zikwazi ukuqala ngasikhathi sinye imindeni eminingana, zinakekele amazinyane ama-2-3 ngasikhathi sinye.
Izikhova
I-wide-eared, white, hawk owl, grey owl ne-house owl zihlala kubukhulu be-Ukraine. Lokhu kuvamile. Ngokuvamile, kunezinhlobo eziyi-13 zezinyoni ezweni. Abayishumi babo bahlala phansi.
Ibhu alivamile futhi liyafuduka. Olunye uhlobo lwe-2 aluhambanga kahle, i-Ukraine kubo iyisitobhu sendiza ende. Ukuvela kwezikhova akulindelekile. Izimpaphe ezithambile zezilwane zinqamula emoyeni buthule. Isikhova singandiza eduze ngaphandle kokuzwakala.
Ijuba eliboshiwe
Kubukeka njengejuba eliqinile elimpunga-beige. Futhi inesisindo esingama-200 amagremu. Ijuba lihlukaniswa ngendandatho emnyama emnyama esonga entanyeni. Umaki uvela kubantu abadala.
Ijuba libukeka njengejuba ngesizathu. Inyoni iyisihlobo sejuba elibomvana. Ngendlela, wacishe wafa. Abantu abangu-10 basele umhlaba wonke. Ngenxa yohlelo lokuvikela ukubuka, isimo saqala ukuba ngcono.
Ama-Terns
Amaphiko amhlophe, umfula, amachashazi, ama-gull-nosed kanye nama-tern amancane ahlala e-Ukraine.Kunabamele abaningi bezinhlobo ikakhulukazi esifundeni saseKhmelnytsky ezweni. Kukhona ngisho nomuzi onegama elifanayo. Zonke izinhlobo ezingaphansi zama-tern zivame ukuhlala emakoloni amaningi, zihlala osebeni lwamachibi lapho izinyoni zibamba khona izinhlanzi.
Izinhlanzi zasolwandle
Ebunzimeni bezwe, izinhlanzi, amakhanda ampunga, amakhanda amnyama nama-herring gulls ahlala. Phakathi kwamaSlav, abameleli bezinhlobo bahlonishwa. Ukubulala i-seagull kubhekwa njengesono. Ezinganekwaneni, izinhlanzi zasolwandle ziyimiphefumulo yabangasekho. Ngokusho kwezinganekwane, imihlambi yezinyoni ivikela abantu base-Ukraine, isebenza njengohlobo lwezingelosi eziqaphile.
Ukugoba okukhulu
Ubude bufinyelela ngamasentimitha angama-60. Isisindo senyoni singama-gram ayi-1000. UCurlew ugqame ngoqhwaku lwayo olude nezidladla. Phakathi kwe- izilwane ezihlala e-Ukraine, curlew kubhekwa njengokuyivelakancane. Lezi zinhlobo zamukelwa njengengcuphe. Isimo sibuhlungu njengengoma enezimpaphe. Imisindo eyenziwe yi-harshnep ilusizi, iyadabukisa.
I-Grane crane
Kunezithombe zama-cranes emadwaleni, adwetshwe yiPithecanthropus. Laba ngabantu bokuqala. Ngakho-ke, izinyoni ezimpunga sezikhona okungenani iminyaka eyizigidi ezingama-40. Le nyoni inkulu, ngakho-ke ihamba kancane kancane, isakazeka emoyeni.
Sparrowhawk
Ifana ne-goshawk, kepha incane izikhathi ezi-2. Ubude benyoni abweqi kumasentimitha angama-43, kanti isisindo singama-gramu angama-300. Abesifazane baseSparrowhawk bakhulu kakhulu kunabesilisa.
Igama lomzingeli ngenxa yokuluthwa ukubamba izigwaca kwasekuseni, emini nasekuseni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amaGoshawks abamba ama-grouse amnyama ngobukhulu e-Ukraine, anesisindo esingaba ikhilogremu elilodwa nohhafu, futhi afinyelela kumasentimitha angama-68 ubude.
Ikhayithi elimnyama
Kubhalwe kuzo zombili Izincwadi Zedatha zase-Ukraine nakwamanye amazwe. Isidlakela sikhulu, singamasentimitha angama-60 ubude, sinesisindo esingaba ikhilogremu. Le nyoni iyafa ngenxa yokuwohloka kwemvelo nokusetshenziswa kwezibulala-zinambuzane kwezolimo. Ikhayithi libamba amagundane adla emasimini, adle nawo ubuthi.
Osprey
Inyoni ye-Falcon cishe ngamasentimitha angama-60 ubude. I-osprey idla kuphela izinhlanzi, okwenza ivelele phakathi kwezinyoni ezidla ezinye. U-Osprey ubamba izinhlanzi uqobo. Inyoni iyenyanya inyamazane yangaphandle, ithatha kuphela ukubamba okusha futhi okuphelele.
I-egret encane
Ubude bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-65. E-Ukraine, le nyoni itholakala ezifundeni ezisemaqeleni nasemathafeni asemahlathini aseduze nemizimba yamanzi. Le nyoni idla emanzini angajulile. Indwandwe encane iyikhophi encane yomhlophe omkhulu.
Ukugwinya
Ngokocwaningo lwabahlali bezwe, inkonjane - isilwane sesizwe sase-Ukraine... Bafuna ukubona iPtah njengophawu lwezwe. Lokhu kungenxa yezithombe ezingokomfanekiso. Bakhuluma ngezinkonjane zokuqala zenkambo entsha yase-Ukraine, izinkonjane njengezithunywa zoshintsho.
Sekukonke, izinhlobo zezinyoni ezingama-425 zihlala e-Ukraine. Bahlukaniswe ukuhlala phansi, ukwakha izidleke, mhlawumbe ukwakha izidleke, ukuhambela kude, ukufuduka, ubusika, ukundiza endaweni yezwe. Kukhona nezinyoni ezethulwe, okungukuthi, zilethwe ngenhloso ezweni.
Izinhlanzi zase-Ukraine
Izinhlanzi zase-Ukraine zihlukaniswe zangena emanzini angenasawoti nasolwandle. Izinhlobo zokuqala eziyi-111, bese kuthi eyesibili ibe ngu-102. Kodwa-ke, kusekhona izinhlanzi ezingama-32 ezikhetha amanzi anosawoti.
Isibani sase-Ukraine
Ingamasentimitha angama-23 ubude futhi inesisindo esingama-gramu angama-20. Inhlanzi ayinemihlathi, ikhumbuza i-leech, futhi ibambelele kwezinye izilwane. Kuban enegazi elifudumele kufanele ilunywe.
I-lamprey yase-Ukraine ikhetha imizimba emisha yamanzi enesihlabathi esingezansi. Izinhlanzi zibizwa nangokuthi umhlonyane, ngoba isilwane sizigaxa ohlotsheni, sicashe ezitheni silinde izisulu.
Inhlanzi eyikati
Le stingray. Uhlala olwandle. Lesi silwane sibizwa ngegama lekati ngenxa yomsila waso omude. Ihlala ngaphezu kwesihlabathi lapho inhlanzi uqobo lwayo igobhoza kuyo. Isimo sekati lasolwandle limise okwedayimane. Kunameva anobuthi emsileni we-stingray. Kumuntu, imijovo ayibulali, kepha ibuhlungu.
I-katran yoLwandle Olumnyama
Lo ushaka woLwandle Olumnyama omaphakathi naphakathi ongafika kumasentimitha angama-220 ubude futhi unesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-20. Ngaphandle, inhlanzi imnyama mpunga ngemaka elimhlophe. Katran igcina ezansi, kuyaqabukela ukhuphukela phezulu. Kubantu, ushaka oLwandle Olumnyama awuyona ingozi, awekho amacala okuhlaselwa aqoshiwe.
Spike
Ubizwa ngokuthi ongaqondakali kunazo zonke phakathi kwama-sturgeon. Ngokungafani nezizukulwane zalo, iva linodebe olugcwele oluphansi. Ngenxa yalokhu, isifonyo senhlanzi sinesimo esivamile esiyindilinga.
Ezinye izazi ze-ichthyologists zibheka iva leli njengesiphambano phakathi kwe-sturgeon ne-beluga. Abanye bathi ukuwela nge-stellate sturgeon kwenzeka. Kwama-sturgeon emanzini ase-Ukraine, ngasendleleni, kukhona ne-sterleton, i-Russian ne-Atlantic sturgeon. Kwenzeka kumadamu eNezalezhnaya kanye ne-paddlefish. Yiyona kuphela i-sturgeon ezondla nge-zoo- ne-phytoplankton.
Qalisa
Izinhlanzi zasolwandle ezinjenge-Eel. Isilwane sifinyelela kumamitha amathathu ubude, sithola isisindo esingamakhilogremu ayi-100. Imidondoshiya iyafa ngemuva kokuzala okokuqala. Ngemuva kwayo uqobo, i-conger ishiya amaqanda ayizigidi ezi-3 kuye kwezi-8. Izinhlanzi zazo zicashe ezansi, ekujuleni kwamakhilomitha ama-2-3.
Finta
Kushiwo i-herring. Ikhula ize ifinyelele kumasentimitha angama-60. Ihlukile kolunye uhlaka ochungechungeni lokumakwa okumnyama ezinhlangothini zomzimba. UFinta uyinhlanzi engajwayelekile. Kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule, isilwane besisabalele futhi siningi, sifakiwe enanini lezilwane ezithengiswayo.
Ukudoba, empeleni, kwehlisa inani lamapayipi. Manje kusuka herring e-Ukraine kuphela i-sprat yaseYurophu esabalele. Le nhlanzi incane futhi ayimnandi kangako.
Bream
Umhlali wamanzi ahlanzekile, ungowomndeni we-carp. Ungabamba izinhlanzi ku-Dnieper. Kwezama-cyprinids, ngasendleleni, kukhona okufiphele, okukhonkotha, ishemaya, i-asp ne-blue bream. Umzimba we-bream ucindezelwe kamuva, uphakeme. Ubude, inhlanzi ikhula ize ifinyelele kumasentimitha angama-70, ithola isisindo kusuka kuma-2 kuya ku-5 kilogram.
ISmallmouth Buffalo
Ungowomndeni wakwaChukuchanov. Izinhlanzi zilethwe emadamini ase-Ukraine avela eMississippi - indawo yokuhlala enkulu. Isilwane sithanda imifula ehlanzekile enesilinganiso sokugeleza okujwayelekile. Izimila ezisechibini kufanele ziminyene futhi phansi kufanele kube nosilika.
Umzimba wezinhlanzi ufana ne-carp crucian emile, unombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Kunezinyathi ezingamasentimitha angama-90 ezinesisindo esingamakhilo ayi-16. Kodwa-ke, e-Ukraine izinhlanzi zashiswa. Abantu abanesisindo esingaphezu kwamakhilogremu ayisithupha abavamile.
UDanube ehluthula
Kubukeka sengathi ingcosana evamile, enomehluko omncane ngokulingana komzimba nokubala. Izikali zezinhlanzi zeDanube ziyigolide. Ukwehla okufudumele kucacisiwe kakhulu. Izinhlobo zeDanube kwaba ezokugcina ezitholakala phakathi kwama-spikes ngo-1969. By the way, ingcosana evamile emifuleni yase-Ukraine nayo iyatholakala, njengaleyo yaseSiberia neBaltic.
Inhlanzi emnyama
Uhlala emizimbeni emile yamanzi nasemifuleni egeleza kancane. Kudingeka iphansi elinosilika elinenqwaba yezimila ezisogwini. Yonke enye i-catfish emnyama ayinasizotha, ihlala lapho ezinye izinhlanzi eziqinile, ngokwesibonelo, i-crucian carp, ingekho. Emachibini ase-Ukraine, i-black catfish ikhula ize ifike kumasentimitha angama-60 ubude, ithole isisindo esingamakhilogremu ama-3.
Inhlanzi emhlophe
E-Ukraine, kunezinhlanzi ezimhlophe nama-chuds. Owokuqala mkhulu, kwesinye isikhathi u-5 kg. I-Peipsi whitefish ingeqi kuma-3.5 kilos. I-Whitefish ijwayele ukwakha izinhlobo ze-polymorphic. Ngamanye amagama, emzimbeni ngamunye wamanzi izinhlanzi zihluke kakhulu kwezinye. Lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukuhlelwa kwe-whitefish.
I-European Evdoshka
Uhlala kuphela emigodini yaseDniester naseDanube, ekhetha amanzi angajulile anezimila eziminyene. Kuyo, inhlanzi engamasentimitha abomvu ansundu ayi-13 icasha ezitheni. Ngenkathi ibhukuda, i-Evdoshka ihlela kabusha amaphiko we-pectoral ne-pelvic. Kubukeka sengathi inhlanzi iyeza. Ngakho-ke, i-Evdoshka ibizwa nangokuthi inja.
Okumhlophe
Kubhekiswa kukhodi futhi kuvame ukudukiswa ngabadobi nge-cod ejwayelekile. Kodwa-ke, isilwane esincane sasolwandle sifushane futhi sincane, ngaphandle kwamadevu. Abesifazane aba-Whiting bazala amaqanda ayisigidi ngesizini ngayinye. Lona umlando phakathi kwezinhlanzi zasolwandle zase-Ukraine. Inzalo ivikela lezi zinhlobo ekuqothulweni.
Angler waseYurophu
Ibizwa nangokuthi i-monkfish. Inhlanzi inekhanda elikhulu eliyisicaba. Umzimba we-anglerfish tapers ubukhali ubheke ngasemsileni. Isikhumba esingenasikali simbozwe ngeziqu eziningi. Ameva anamathela entanyeni, kuthi ekhanda anwetshwe ekugcineni kwe-illicium.
Ithweswe umqhele ngophawu olukhanyayo - ithoshi. Ngayo, umuntu ohlala phansi ukhanyisa izindawo zomdabu futhi ahehe inyamazane. Izisulu "zindiza" njengezimvemvane zingene ekukhanyeni. Izinhlanzi ezingama-Angler zihlala ekujuleni okungaba ngamamitha ayi-2000. Kodwa-ke, abanye abantu bayabhukuda baye ogwini, bema ebangeni lamamitha ayi-10. Kulapha lapho abadobi bedotshwa khona.
Inhlanzi yenaliti
Kunezinhlobo ezi-5 zazo emanzini ase-Ukraine. Olwandle kuhlala izinaliti zesiNtaliyane, ezivamile, ezikhala kahle, ezinezikhala ezijiyile nezikhala ezinde. Zonke izinhlobo zingasolwandle noma zihlala emanzini amunyu emilonyeni yemifula egelezela olwandle. Okuvame kakhulu phakathi kwezinaliti kunekhala elide. Inhlanzi ihlala emanzini angajulile ngasogwini lolwandle.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi amazwe ase-Ukraine asendulo. Ulwandle lwahlehla ezindaweni zezwe ngisho nangaphambi kwenkathi yethu. Abavubukuli bathola amathambo obhejane, izindlulamithi, amakhemikhali ekujuleni kwezwe. Lokhu kukhombisa ushintsho esimweni sezulu nasendaweni yomhlaba wase-Ukraine. Manje ngeke uthole izindlulamithi kubo, kuphela izinsalela zabo zangaphambi komlando.
