I-Sheepdog yesiNgisi sakudala noma ubobtail - uhlobo lomalusi olusebenzayo. Ubuhlakani, ingqondo ezinzile nokuzola, ukuthambekela kokuzithoba kwenza inja yaba ngumngane omuhle kakhulu. UBobtail kulesi sikhundla muhle kakhulu kangangokuba uPaul McCartney ubhale ingoma ethi "My Love Martha" ngomngani okhathazekile.
Incazelo nezici
Kunezinganekwane nezinsumansumane ezimbalwa ngemvelaphi yohlobo. Yinye into eqinisekile: okhokho be-bobtail bahlala futhi basebenza eNgilandi amakhulu eminyaka. Ngekhulu le-18, izinja ezinkulu, ezibizwa ngokuthi i-shaggy, izinja ezinkulu kubhekiselwa kuzo njengabelusi, abasizi kubalimi.
Umsuka wegama elithi "bobtail" uhlotshaniswa nesifiso sabalimi baseNgilandi sokugwema intela yezinja, esakhokhiswa emazweni aseYurophu. EBrithani, izinja ezinemisila emifushane zazikhokhiswa intela. Ukuqina kabuhlungu kwabantu bendawo kwathatha umthwalo wabo: baqala ukusika imisila yezinja ezalusayo. Isilo esikhulu, esiqinile saqanjwa ngegama elithi "bobtail" - bobtail.
ENgilandi inja yokuzalanisa bobtail eqanjwe ngegama elisemthethweni: "I-Sheepdog endala ye-English". Kwamanye amazwe ase-Europe ibizwa kalula ngokulula: "Bobtailed Sheepdog". Womabili la magama ayasetshenziswa eRussia: i-Old English Sheepdog neBobtail.
I-Bobtail ingenye yezinja ezihamba phambili zokwelusa
Ekuqaleni, ama-bobtails ayedlala indawo yabelusi, ayesetshenziselwa ukuqhuba imihlambi emikhulu yezimvu amabanga amade. Kulo msebenzi, phakathi kwezinja, babengenakulingana. Izinja zazivame ukuqhuba ukudla kwezimvu nsuku zonke, ngaphandle kokungenelela komuntu.
Kunobufakazi obubhaliwe bemiphumela yokuhlola izimfanelo zokusebenza ze-bobtail. Umncintiswano phakathi kwezinja ezingabelusi wabanjwa ngo-1876. Uhlelo lokuhlola belunzima:
- Shayela umhlambi wezimvu ungene ku-corral.
- Ukuhlukanisa nokuxosha umhlambi oxubekile wezimvu zenkosi yakhe.
- Hlukanisa imvu kuphela, shayela inkosi yakhe.
- Thola imvu, uyibuyisele emhlambini.
- Balekela iqembu lezimvu eziyi-10. Akufanele kudidaniswe nezilwane zabanye abantu eziklaba emhlambini endleleni yeqembu.
Izinja ze-Old English Shepherd Dogs zabhekana kangcono nezinye izinhlobo ngale misebenzi. Sesibe ngabaholi abaziwayo bomphakathi we-canine kanye nowokwelusa. Kulezi zinsuku, ama-bobtails akuvamile ukuthi enze umsebenzi awuthandayo. Kepha lapho bebona isiminyaminya sezilwane noma abantu, baqala ukubheka iqembu, banxuse labo abasilele emuva, babuyise labo abalekela.
Inqubo yokuthola nokugcina amakhono omsebenzi yayinde futhi inzima. Akekho owafundisa izinja ezingabelusi. Okokuqala, bamukela indlela yabantu yokwelusa izimvu. Kamuva imidlwane ye-bobtail babuka izinja ezindala futhi benza okufanayo. Amandla okufunda awubufakazi bokuhlakanipha okuphezulu kwe-canine.
Kunezimo eziningi ezingavamile empilweni yangempela yomalusi. Okuhlangenwe nakho kwangaphambilini akusebenzi ngaso sonke isikhathi. I-Bobtails iyakwazi ukuphuma ezimweni ezingalindelekile. Ubuhlakani be-Old English Shepherd Dogs bufanelwe amamaki aphakeme kakhulu.
Lapho wenza imisebenzi yokwelusa, umuntu kufanele abekezelele ubuhlakani obuphansi bezimvu. Ukudidiyela ngokusobala nezinye izinja nabantu. Lokhu kukhulise kuma-bobtails umuzwa wokwamukelwa kwezilwane nabantu banoma yisiphi isimilo nezinga lobuhlakani.
Isiko lokumisa imisila yezinja laqhubeka isikhathi eside. Emazweni amaningi aseYurophu, lesi senzo asivunyelwe ngumthetho. Abanye abalimi, ngokuzithandela kwabo, bayeka ukusika imisila yemidlwane. Kukhona onjiniyela bohlanga abathi umsila we-Old English Shepherd Dog kufanele umiswe: lokhu kuyisiko, inja ibukeka ivumelana kakhulu, izimfanelo zokusebenza ziyathuthuka.
I-bobtail inobuntu obunobungane, obuzolile.
- Amazinga okuzala
I-International Organisation of Cynologists ivume inguqulo elandelayo yezinga ngo-Okthoba 2010. Ishicilelwe njenge-FCI-Standard N ° 16. Ichaza ukuthi iyini i-Old English Sheepdog.
- Incazelo.
Inja enkulu, eqinile enomthethosisekelo ohambisanayo. UBobtail — inja ifanekiselwa ubukeka enokuzethemba futhi ehlakaniphile. Kumbozwe ngejazi elijiyile nelide. Ukuzilungisa kuyadikibala ngenxa yokuhlanekezelwa kwesimo semvelo sesilwane. Uboya buvikela kahle esimweni sezulu esibi, emvuleni. Inja ibekwe njengesakhamuzi esihlakaniphile, esinobungane. Ukukhonkotha kwayo okukhulu, okungesabi kungavimba noma ngubani ongena ngaphakathi.
- Izilinganiso eziyisisekelo.
Lapho imi ngemilenze eqondile, ukubuna kutholakala ngezansi nje kokhalo. Ikhanda likhulu, ngokulingana nosayizi womzimba. Ingxenye yabo bonke ubude bekhanda iwela kumlomo.
- Isimo.
Inja ingathenjwa. Ayenzi izenzo ezinolaka nezingashukunyiswa. Inja iyalalela hhayi amagwala. Wenza imiyalo kahle.
- Inhloko, imihlathi, amazinyo, amehlo.
Ukhakhayi lucishe lube yisikwele ngokuma okuphinyiselwe (ukuguquka kusuka esifundeni esingaphambili kuye ebhulohweni lekhala). Isifonyo siwunxande. Izinsimbi zomhlathi zinamandla. Iqoqo lamazinyo seliphelele, ukulunywa akukhubazekile, njengesikele. Amehlo amnyama, kungenzeka abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, kodwa hhayi ukukhanya. Umphetho ozungeze amehlo ufiphele. Izindlebe zincane, zitholakala ezinhlangothini zekhanda.
- Umzimba, umsila.
Umzimba ubumbene, awulinganiswanga. Ukhalo lubanzi futhi lunamandla. Isifuba sijulile, sikhulu, simbozwe ngezimbambo eziqinile. Ngaphambilini, imisila yayidokiwe; manje lo msebenzi awudingeki. Umsila kufanele uvulwe kahle futhi ungabi namakhinki.
- Ukudlondlobala.
Amahlombe ezingaphambili alele emuva, awehliswa. Izindololwane zisondele esifubeni. Ijoyini le-hock elingemuva lasekhaya libekwe phansi. Izingxenye eziphakathi zonyawo emilenzeni yomibili ziyafana. Izinyawo zincane, ziyindilinga futhi ziqinile.
- Ithrafikhi.
Ukuhamba kwebhele, ukuhamba. I-trot ilula, icindezelwe ngamandla emilenzeni yangemuva. I-gallop iyashelela, ngaphandle kokudlikiza. Ikhanda lingehla ngesikhathi sokunyakaza. Ngokuhamba kancane, amble kungenzeka.
- Uboya.
Ijiyile, yinde, kepha ayihluphi. Izinwele zokuqapha zi-wavy, kepha hhayi i-frizzy. Ingubo yangaphansi iminyene, iyaxosha amanzi. Inja iboshwe ngokungalingani. Intamo nangemuva kunengubo egcwele kakhulu.
- Umbala.
Yonke imithunzi yegrey nokuhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kungenzeka. Umzimba ombala oqinile nomhlane. Izinyawo zingaba mhlophe.
- Ukuphakama.
Abesilisa bangakhula baze bafike kuma-cm 61. Ama-Bitches afinyelela ku-59 cm. Noma ikuphi ukuphambuka kusuka kuzinga kuthathwa njengephutha. Ukuthi iphutha libaluleke kangakanani lihlolwe ngezinga lokuphambuka kusuka kuzinga.
Uhlamvu
Inja izinikele kumnikazi, ithanda wonke amalungu omndeni. Uyakujabulela ukubamba iqhaza ekuhambeni kwamaqembu nokudlala nezingane. Isilwane siba nentukuthelo ngokungasebenzi isikhathi eside nokungakwazi ukuxhumana. UBobtail — inja unesizotha, akazenzi isikhundla esiholayo, kepha akabekezeleli ukunganakwa.
Izinja ezikhuliswe phakathi kwabantu ngokuzithandela ukuxhumana nabantu ongabazi. Izivakashi zamukelwa ngenjabulo. Ubungani abenziwa nawo wonke umuntu: ngemvelo yenja banquma ukuthi ngubani ofanele ukunakwa ngokukhethekile, ongekho.
Izinja ezindala zama-Shepherd zesiNgisi zinenkani futhi zinenkani. Lezi zici zingabonakala zisencane lapho izinja ziqeqeshwa. Kodwa inkani ayiyona inkomba yomlingiswa echazayo. Kunalokho kufana nomcabango omncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izilwane ziqeqeshwe kahle. Basebenza ngokuzikhandla, bayakujabulela ukudumisa okuvela kumnikazi.
Umlingiswa weBobtail Ngokubambisana nobuhlakani nobuhlakani, kukuvumela ukuba ufunde kahle umsebenzi womhlengi, umlindi, umlaphi ngesikhathi se-canistherapy. Ikhono lokwenza imiyalo eyinkimbinkimbi nokubukeka okuhlukile kwaletha i-bobtail ezinkundleni zamasekisi nakumaqoqo wamafilimu.
Izinhlobo
Izinga alihlukanisi noma yiluphi uhlobo oluhlukile lohlobo lwesiNgisi Esidala. Kodwa kukhona izinja zezinye izinhlobo, ezifana ne-bobtail. Ngokubukeka, umlingiswa, izakhiwo zokusebenza, uMalusi waseNingizimu South uyafana nezinja zesiNgisi. Kukhona ukucabanga ukuthi i-bobtail ingumphumela wokuwela inja usuka eningizimu yeRussia nomalusi waseFrance uBriard.
Indlela Yokuphila
Inja ingena endlini isencane kakhulu. I-puppy enempilo iyahamba futhi inelukuluku. Mahhala ekwesabeni umhlaba wangaphandle. Impilo yakhe iqukethe ukulala, ukudla, ukudlala nokwenza izidingo zakhe zemvelo. Lapho unezinyanga ezingu-2-3 ubudala, umdlwane uqala ukujwayela i-leash.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukuqeqeshwa kwemiyalo elula kuyaqala. Imidlwane ifunda imiyalo yomnikazi ngokushesha. Njengomvuzo, bathola ukunconywa, amagama avumayo. Isethi ejwayelekile: "kimi", "hlala" njalonjalo ibonakala ngokushesha futhi ngaphandle kokuphikiswa okukhulu. Lapho uqeqesha i-bobtail, ukuthukwa futhi, ikakhulukazi, ukujeziswa kuyaphikiswa.
Ngeminyaka yezinyanga eziyi-3.5, yonke imigomo iyaphela. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uhambe nomdlwane. Impilo esebenzayo, ukuhamba ibanga elide kuyadingeka esilwaneni. Indaba yakhe yonke ikhuluma ngokuthambekela kwenja ukuzivocavoca.
Ngeminyaka yezinyanga eziyisithupha, umnikazi kufanele acabange ngombuzo obalulekile: ukusebenza kwenja yemisebenzi yokuzala. Uma umnikazi engeke abe ngumfuyi, kuyadingeka ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wezilwane. Ukusebenza okungeyona inkimbinkimbi kuzosusa ubunzima obuhambisana nesifiso sezinja ukuqhubeka nomjaho waso,
Ukudla okunomsoco
Umdlwane omncane udliswa kaningi, okungenani amahlandla ama-4 ngosuku. IBobtail encane enezinyanga ezintathu ubudala ingondliwa kaningi. Bashintshela ekudleni okungu-2 ngosuku besenezinyanga eziyisithupha ubudala.
Lapho uhlela ukudla, okokuqala, udinga ukukhetha uhlobo lokudla: okuphakelayo kwezimboni noma imikhiqizo yemvelo. Kulula ukondla ngokudla kwezimboni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona izinketho zayo yonke iminyaka yezinja nezinhlobo.
Abanikazi abaningi bakhetha ukuphekela abangane babo abanezinyawo ezine ngokwabo ukudla. Kulokhu, inyama iba isithako esiyinhloko. Ingashintshwa ngempumelelo yi-offal. I-rumen, isibindi, inhliziyo, noma amaphaphu kuyasiza futhi kunomsoco. Isikhuphasha seqanda sifakwa endishini kanye ngesonto.
Ingulube, amashubhu kanye namathambo ezinhlanzi kufanele kugwenywe. Imifino nokusanhlamvu kuyengezwa enyameni, inhlanzi, izinkukhu noma i-offal ngendlela yokusanhlamvu. Kufanele kuhlale kunamanzi eduze kokudla. Ukudla okusalile kususwa ngokushesha. Ukudla okudala futhi okunomoya akusetshenziselwa ukondla.
Ukuzala kanye nesikhathi sokuphila
Abesilisa nabesifazane bakulungele ukuzala benonyaka owodwa. Kodwa izilwane ezincane zingaveza imidlwane ebuthakathaka. Ngakho-ke, izilwane okungenani ezineminyaka engu-1.5 ubudala zivunyelwe ukukhwelana. Ubudala obuhle kakhulu benzalo yiminyaka engu-3-4.
Umnikazi we-bitch unquma isikhathi lapho esekulungele ukulingisa. Umhlangano wenzeka endaweni yowesilisa. Ukuhlangana okuphumelelayo kugcina ekukhulelweni, okuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingama-58-62. Kunzima ukucacisa isimo senja ngenyanga yokuqala. Izimpawu ezihlukile zokukhulelwa zenzeka ngenyanga yesibili.
Umnikazi ongenalwazi ucela usizo kudokotela wezilwane. Ngokulungiselela okujwayelekile, ukuzalwa kwemidlwane kuyaphumelela. Ama-Bobtails avundile impela: aletha imidlwane engu-5-8. Zigcinwa eduze konina amasonto ayi-8-9. Ngalesi sikhathi, umnikazi omusha uyakhethwa. Endlini entsha, imidlwane iqala impilo, ehlala iminyaka eyi-10-11.
Ukugcinwa nokunakekelwa
Ukunakekelwa okukhulu kwe-bobtail kudinga uboya. Inja ifundiswa le nqubo kusukela ebuntwaneni. Shayela kanye ngesonto. Ijazi lenja lide, ijazi langaphansi liyajiya, ngakho-ke kuthatha isikhathi esiningi ukukama.
Ukwelashwa kwamanzi akuvamile ukwenziwa. Ukuwasha ngokuphelele kwenziwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Ukuhlanzwa kwendawo yoboya nesikhumba sesilwane kwenziwa njalo. Ngaphezu kokuzilungisa, izinzipho zezinja ziyasikwa ngezikhathi ezithile. Izindlebe ziyindawo ebuthakathaka yazo zonke izinja.
Zihlolwa nsuku zonke futhi zihlanzwe uma kunesidingo. Yenza okufanayo ngamehlo. Ukuze kugcinwe amazinyo abo emhlophe futhi enempilo, izinja zelashwa emathanjeni amakhulu enkomo, ngaphezu kwalokho, zinikeza amathoyizi athengiwe ahlanze amazinyo awo.
Intengo
I-Old English Sheepdog iyinja enkulu. Ubukhulu bayo nomsebenzi wayo kusikisela ukuba khona kwefulethi elikhulu, noma okungcono, indlu yangasese. Okusho ukuthi, lokhu kuyinja yabantu abacebile.
Intengo yeBobtailImvelaphi yakhe enhle iqinisekiswa yimibhalo ingama-ruble ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20-40. Ngokwesiko abakwaKennels abamemezeli izindleko zemidlwane, okulindeleke ukuthi ivele kungekudala.
