Incazelo nezici
Igama layo bivalve molluscs bathola ukuhlonipha ukungezwa kwabo. Lezi zidalwa zasemanzini zaqanjwa ngale ndlela emuva ngekhulu le-18. Konke ngesandla esikhanyayo sesazi semvelo saseSweden uKarl Linnaeus. Kepha kunezinye izindlela. Isibonelo, "engenakhanda", okukhombisa nezici zokubukeka kwalezi zidalwa ezihleli phansi. Laba bantu bangatholakala kokubili olwandle nasemizimbeni yamanzi amasha.
Imvamisa, umzimba we-bivalve molluscs okulinganayo, isicaba kancane. Kepha kukhona futhi abantu ababukeka njengebhola, kanye nezikelemu. Uma ubabheka, ungaqonda ukuthi awuboni ikhanda noma amaphiko, kuphela umzimba nomlenze, ongaphambili.
Lesi sakamuva sisebenza njengemoto kubo ukuhamba kancane ngezansi. Okokuqala, kuphuma isitho esivela egobolondweni, elibambelela phansi, bese lidonsela igobolondo kusona. Ngenxa yale ngxenye yomzimba, imollusk ingagxumela esihlabathini.
Futhi konke lokhu kufakwa egobolondweni le-limestone, eliqukethe amapuleti amabili ahlanganiswe ndawonye. Usayizi walawa ma-valve ungahluka kusuka kumamilimitha ambalwa kuya kumitha elilodwa nohhafu. Bangalingana ngosayizi futhi bahluke ngosayizi.
Ukusuka ngaphakathi, imvamisa zinombala weparele omuhle kakhulu, ngoba uvame ukumbozwa ngengubo kamama wamaparele. Isidalwa esidala samanzi, kukhulu lolu ungqimba. Lapho isichashazana singena ngaphakathi kwegobolondo, umama-wamaparele uyasimboza, futhi uthola amapharele athandwa kakhulu ngabaningi.
Akukhangi kangako kusuka ngaphandle - i-stratum corneum ivame ukuba nsundu futhi ivuleke. Kwakha izicubu ezixhuma iminyango yegobolondo. Zikhula ndawonye ngemuva nangemuva. Kodwa-ke, hhayi ngokuphelele, kushiya ukuvula umlenze. Ukuvala indlu yombumbulu, udinga ukusebenzisa okhethekile. ukuvala imisipha.
Ukuxhuma okuqinile nakho kunikezwa ngamazinyo, agijima emaphethelweni wama-valve. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yedivayisi enjalo, amabhande ngeke agobeke, futhi alungiswe ngokucacile. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke abameleli abafakiwe kufayela le- Ama-molluscs wesigaba se-bivalve.
I-mollusk iphefumula ngosizo lwe-ctenidia (noma ama-gill). Baphinde bahlunge amanzi. Uma i-bivalve ishaya ugu, lapho ivula kancane igobolondo, ingashintshana ngegesi. Kepha hhayi konke, hlukana izinhlobo zama-bivalve molluscs vala igobolondo ngokuqinile, futhi bakwazi ukubakhona kulesi simo hhayi ihora elilodwa.
I-mollusk ikhula kanjena: emaphethelweni egobolondo, ngenxa yezimfihlo ezikhethekile, kwengezwa umugqa owodwa ngonyaka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iminyaka yokudalwa ayinzima ukuyinquma. Umzimba ukhulisiwe ngenxa yokuqoqwa kwesisekelo samaminerali. Ziyi-livers yangempela, iminyaka yazo ifinyelela eminyakeni engamakhulu amahlanu.
Isakhiwo
- Ukubukeka
ake sicabangele isakhiwo se-bivalve molluscs... Amafolda esikhumba azungeze umkhawulo wegobolondo abizwa ngengubo. Uma umhlali wasemanzini enomkhuba wokuzingcwaba esihlabathini, khona-ke lesi sitho sakha amashubhu amabili - iziteshi zokungena nezokungena.
Ngemuva kwalokho konke ukuxhumana nemvelo kwenzeka ngabo. Ngokusho kowokuqala, umoya-mpilo nokudla kungena emzimbeni, ngokusho kwesibili, izinsalela zomsebenzi obalulekile ziyasuswa. Umgodi wengubo uhlanganisa nomlenze, izimbobo ezinama-horny nezitho zokuphefumula.
Ukuphefumula nokwethuka izinhlelo ze-bivalve mollusc: Lezi zidalwa ziyakwazi ukuthinta ngosizo lwe-tentacles. Zikhula onqenqemeni lwejazi. Ngokusebenzisa lokhu kokugcina, izimvukuzane ezingenayo imiphunga ziyakwazi ukuthola umoya-mpilo. Ama-Gill ngesimo samacembe amabili atholakala ngapha nangapha komlenze.
Ngendlela, akubona bonke abantu abanayo, uma i-bivalve ihlala phansi, amandla emoto awasizi ngalutho kuye (ama-oysters, isibonelo). Futhi uma inhloso yemollusk ukunamathisela entweni ethile isikhathi eside, khona-ke indlala ekhethekile esemlenzeni ikhipha indlala ethile. imicu igobolondo le-bivalve unamathela ngokuphepha nomaphi lapho edinga khona.
Ngokuqondene namehlo, izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo ezisohlwini lwethu azinazo. Kepha, noma kunjalo, kukhona abanye abameleli abanikezwe izitho zombono. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi amangqamuzana azwela ukukhanya, wonke umuntu anawo, asiza ama-mollusk ukuhamba lapho ukukhanya kukhona nalapho ubumnyama bukhona.
- Isakhiwo sangaphakathi
Abathambile abanamathambo. Qaphela ukuthi ukujikeleza kwegazi uhlelo lwe-bivalve mollusc evulekile, igazi ligeleza hhayi kuphela ezitsheni, kodwa futhi liyageza izitho zama-bivalve molluscs... Amathumbu agijima enhliziyweni yalezi zidalwa. Ipheya lezinso libavumela ukuthi bakhiphe imikhiqizo ye-metabolic. Izilwane zibona iphunga kabi, izitho zomzimba wazo azithuthuki kahle. Kukhona abesilisa nabesifazane. Kodwa-ke, kube nezimo zokunikezwa kabusha kobulili phakathi komjikelezo wempilo.
Ukukhiqiza kabusha
Kwezinye izimo, ukukhulelwa kwenzeka ngale ndlela elandelayo: ngomgudu wokukhipha womuntu oyedwa, kuphuma amaseli okuzala abesilisa, ngemuva kwalokho angene engubeni yowesifazane kanye namanzi. Lapho kuzalwa inzalo. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, izibungu ziphuma ngokushesha.
Kepha imvamisa inqubo yokuvela kwempilo entsha yenzeka khona emanzini, abesifazane nabesilisa bakhipha amangqamuzana abo amagciwane ngaphandle, bahlangana futhi kuzalwa inqwaba yama-mollusk. Ukuthomba kungenzeka onyakeni wokuqala wokuphila. Kwezinye izinhlobo, hhayi ngaphambi kokuba imollusk igubhe iminyaka yayo yokuqala ineminyaka eyishumi ubudala.
Ukudla okunomsoco
Ukucabangela ukudla kwama-bivalve molluscs, lapho-ke udinga ukuqonda ukuthi le nqubo yenzeka ngokuya ngomgomo wesihlungi. Ukudla, futhi lokhu kungu-algae, izitshalo, i-protozoa, izinqubo uhlelo lokugaya ukudla bivalve molluscs.
Nge-siphon yokungena, kanye namanzi, izinto eziphilayo zingena kusinki. Okukhethekile okuqhubekayo. "Izinwele" zihlunga ukudla bese zikuthumela emlonyeni. Ngemuva kwalokho, ngokusebenzisa i-pharynx, konke lokhu kungena emphinjeni, kufinyelele esiswini, futhi, njengoba sekusemathunjini, kususwa nge-anus.
Lapho-ke le ndaba incane - ukususa imfucuza nge-outlet siphon. Kodwa-ke kukhona futhi izilwane ezidlayo phakathi kwazo. Zisebenzisa imisipha yazo, zithumela ama-crustaceans amancane nezinye izisulu kumbhobho wokungena, bese zingena emlonyeni.
Izinhlobo
Lesi sigaba esikhulu sakhiwe ngamashumi ezinkulungwane zezinhlobo. Ukusho ngokunemba kakhudlwana, kukhona ezingaba ngu-20 000. ERussia, kunezinhlobonhlobo ezingaba yinkulungwane zalezi zidalwa.
- I-Tridacna enkulu
Ingatholakala olwandle lwaseNdiya nolwePacific. Zitholakala ekujuleni nasemanzini angajulile. Le mbaza inkulu ngempela. Kuyinto enkulu kunazo zonke esigabeni sayo. I-invertebrate isisindo esifinyelela kukota yethani. Kodwa-ke, isampuli enesisindo serekhodi lama-340 kilograms yaqoshwa.
Izilinganiso zobude begobolondo nazo zibonisa imiphumela ehlaba umxhwele - cishe imitha elilodwa nohhafu. inyuka cishe ngamasentimitha ayisishiyagalombili ngonyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sakhamuzi sasemanzini siphila isikhathi esingengaphansi kweminyaka eyikhulu. ITridacna nayo ihlukile ngoba ichitha impilo yayo ilele ngomhlane.
Labo. i-dorsal valve yegobolondo, njengomthetho, evela ngezansi. Ngakho-ke ukuguqulwa okuphawulekayo kwangaphakathi. Imisipha yokuvala yayisesinqeni sesisu. Futhi i-byssus (imicu yokubopha ngaphezulu), kunalokho, yathuthela emuva. Esinye isikhundla se-mollusk esiyintandokazi ngama-shutter phezulu.
Izansi zengubo yakhe zinde kakhulu futhi zakha "isiketi" esigaxa, esivame ukuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nsundu, ophuzi, noma oluhlaza okotshani. Futhi nengubo ikhule ndawonye cishe kuyo yonke indawo. Ngokuqondene nombala wegobolondo, awumangalisi, uluhlaza okotshani. Uthola ukudla ngokuhlunga. Kepha akababukeli ubulembu obuhlala engubeni yakhe.
Imollusk ayinabo ubulili, inesimiso sobufazi nesobesilisa. Njengomphumela wokukhulelwa, izibungu ziyazalwa, ezihamba amasonto ambalwa, ngemuva kwalokho zizitholele indawo ethokomele futhi zihlale lapho isikhathi eside. Okokuqala, zinamathiselwe ngemicu ye-byssus, futhi ngobudala, isisindo sazo sisebenza njenge-ejenti yesisindo.
I-Tridacna isetshenziswa njengokudla kwabantu, ngaphezu kwalokho, kwakheka amapharele kuyo, kodwa ayigugu kangako. I-shellfish isiye yajwayeleka kakhulu ngenxa yezilwane ezithengiswayo. Amagobolondo awezikhumbuzo.
- Pearl mussel (pearl mussel umndeni)
Uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lomndeni oluhlala eRussia - imbaza yamaparele. Amagobolondo egobolondo lawo aminyene, ajiyile, anombala onsundu ngombala. Umumo uyi-oval. Ngaphakathi kukhona ungqimba lomama we-pearl oluhlaba umxhwele, omhlophe noma obomvana.
Ubukhulu abuncane - kuze kube ngamasentimitha ayi-15-16 ubude. Kutholakala emanzini amasha. Ayibekezeleli amapayipi, ngoba aya ngokuncipha. Bahlala cishe iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu. Indawo yokuhlala ayiguqulwanga, kungaba isihlabathi noma indawo ephakathi kwamatshe. Bangabesilisa nabesifazane. Zizala ehlobo. Ukukhula okuncane kukhula ngaphakathi kwabesifazane. Ngemuva kwalokho, uma isikhishiwe, iba yisinambuzane sezinhlanzi ezithile, lesi sikhathi sithatha cishe izinyanga ezimbili.
Ukuze kukhule amaparele, imollusk idinga into encane yangaphandle, ingaba ichashaza, noma uhlamvu lwesihlabathi, noma isidalwa esiphilayo. Lapho ingena ngaphakathi kwegobolondo, iqala ukumbozwa ngezingqimba ze-nacre. Kuzothatha cishe iminyaka engamashumi amane ukuthi iparele lifinyelele kubukhulu obungu-8 mm. Amabhola amaparelecent amaningana angakhula kumuntu oyedwa.
Inani labo lincipha kakhulu, kuphela eminyakeni engamashumi amahlanu inani labantu selinciphe ngesigamu. Kodwa-ke, amaparele abaluleke kakhulu atholakala ezimbotsheni zasolwandle pearl. Icocekile futhi inkulu ngosayizi. Bakhetha ukungehli ekujuleni okukhulu. Zonke zitholakala olwandle olufanayo iPacific nolwandle lwaseNdiya. "Zakha isidleke" ngamaqembu.
- ukhwathu
Bahlala ikakhulu ezilwandle. Bakhetha izindawo ezifudumele, futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, zihlanzeke. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ama-oyster flaps ahlala evulekile. "Indlu" yabo ayinakubizwa ngokulingana. Ukuma kuncike endaweni yokuhlala, futhi kungahluka ngokuphelele.
Ikepisi elilodwa ligobile futhi li-wavy. Yileli bhande elisebenza njengesisekelo esikhula siye endaweni eyodwa yempilo. Abanazo iziteshi zokungena nokuphuma, ngoba ingubo ivulekile. Ukuvalwa kunamandla amakhulu, kanjalo nama-gill.
Ngendlela, banomlenze owehlisiwe (izilwane ezincane kuphela ezinazo, eziwusebenzisayo baze bazikhethele indawo yokuhlala). Ubukhulu abukhulu - cishe amasentimitha ayishumi. Kepha bangafinyelela kumashumi amane. Kuma-valve, izilwane ezahlukahlukene, ezinjengezibungu, zivame ukumila izimpande. Ihlukaniswe yaba owesilisa nowesifazane. Impilo iqala egobolondweni lowesifazane. Zizalana kahle, kepha zikhula isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Laba bantu abavamile ukuhlala bodwa. Bakhetha inkampani enkulu. Izindawo zokuqongelelwa kwazo zibizwa ngama-oyster banks. Izindawo eziyintandokazi - ezinamatshe aphansi namatshe kude nogu, bavame ukukhetha ozakwabo abadala njengesisekelo, futhi banamathele kugobolondo labo.
Kukhona nohlobo lwesibili lwama-oysters - bahlela amasimu asogwini. "Izinhlangano" ezinjalo, njengomthetho, zigcinwa ebusika; bayeke umsebenzi wabo obalulekile. Kepha, lapho nje sekufudumala, bayancibilika, babuye baphile impilo ephelele.
Kunezinhlobo ezingaba yishumi nanhlanu zalezi zinhlumba. Amagobolondo azo ahluka ngombala kusuka kokuphinki nokuphuzi kuya koku nsomi. Kepha ngaphakathi kokuchichima kukamama weparele ngeke ukuthole, kuphela ukuqhakaza kwe-matte limestone.
Zaziswa ngokuyinhloko njengesibiliboco. Amasimu wonke alinywa emhlabeni wonke. Ukunambitheka kwalobu bumnandi kuthonywa amanzi abakhule kuwo (ukuthi usawoti kangakanani, usawoti omningi, inyama iba nzima kanjani). Ngalesi sizathu, abantu abalimiwe bangagcina amanzi ahlanzekile isikhashana.
Amagagasi aphansi awasibi kulezi zingenamgogodla, angaphila kalula ngaphandle kwamanzi amasonto amabili aphelele. Ama-oysters anezitha zemvelo. Lezi yizimbungulu ezidla ezinye ezenza imbobo egobolondweni lazo, zikhubaze isisulu bese sizidla.
I-oyster ingashintsha ubulili ngesikhathi sokuphila kwayo, futhi ikwenze kaningana. Imvamisa ekuqaleni kwendlela bangabesilisa, ngemuva kokukhulelwa kokuqala bakha kabusha kahle kube ngowesifazane.
- I-scallop
Igobolondo le-scallop linomumo ojwayelekile futhi linobambo futhi libukeka njengomlandeli. Ama-valve alabo abakhetha amanzi angajulile ajulile futhi makhulu. Zinemibala emihle kakhulu ngemibala ehlukene ebomvu nebomhlophe. Labo abahlala ekujuleni okukhulu bane "ndlu" entekenteke kakhulu. Imvamisa kuyakhanya. Abantu abanjalo batholakala ekujuleni kwamamitha ayizinkulungwane eziyi-9.
Isembatho siya ngokuya siba sikhulu siqonde emaphethelweni. Lesi sidalwa sinamehlo ambalwa kuso ngasikhathi sinye (kungahle kube ngisho nekhulu), kusihlwa ziyakwazi ukukhanya. Amabhola amancane ahlala ngeziqu. Lokhu akukwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi umbono ophelele, kepha imollusk ingahlukanisa ngokusobala izinhlaka nezithunzi. Esinye isitho esiseduze nama-tentacles. Ngosizo lwabo, i-scallop ingathinta.
Hhayi kuphela isitho esiqinile, kodwa futhi ama-valve amagobolondo asiza ukunqoba amabanga amade. I-scallop iyabashaya bese "yeqa" iye endaweni oyifunayo. Imisipha yabangenakhanda inamandla amakhulu. Ngakho-ke kokunye ukugxuma okunjalo, isidalwa sasolwandle singanqoba isigamu semitha.
I-scallop iyakwazi ukubhukuda okungamamitha amane ngaphandle kokucwila phansi. Enye indlela yokuhamba, etholakala kuma-mollusk ambalwa, yeqa ngokudonsa ngokumangalisayo umphetho wengubo egobolondweni. I-scallop isebenzisa le nketho lapho izwa ingozi. Isitha sokuqala kuye i-starfish.
I-mollusk inganamathela ku-substrate noma ihlale ngaphansi kolwandle. Uma umuntu osemusha ezikhethele indawo yakhe, kuqala uyayizwa ngezingubo zayo zengubo, khona-ke kusetshenziswa umlenze, oqhuba futhi uhlobo lokuhlola kabusha.
Ngemuva kwalokho isitho sibuye simunce emuva bese sikhipha imicu. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ziba namandla futhi ngilungisa ikama endaweni ekhethiwe. Uma udinga ukubalekela izitha, uyakwazi ukudabula intaba aqhubeke. Uma imollusk ingaphazanyiswa futhi igobolondo layo lingcwatshwe kancane esihlabathini, lingalala linganyakazi kuze kuphele amasonto amabili.
Zihlukaniswe ngamadoda nabesifazane. Amaseli abesilisa nabesifazane atholakala emanzini. Izidalwa zivundile kakhulu, insikazi ikhipha amaqanda angaba yizigidi ezingama-25. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi bambalwa kuphela abayosinda. Izakhamizi zasolwandle zibhekwa njengokuvuthwa ngokocansi ngonyaka ongu-1, kanti kwezingu-2 sezivele zivunwa ukuze zisetshenziswe ngabantu.
Ziphila ngokudla ngeplankton ngokuyihluza emanzini. Lo mndeni uningi, ukuhluka okungaphezu kwamakhulu amabili. Kepha uma sikhuluma ngokuhweba, nakhu okuvame kakhulu:
- I-scallop yase-Icelandic (inesisindo esingama-gramu angama-200, ubude - amasentimitha ayi-10. Ihlala emakoloni amatshe, ithanda ulwandle olubandayo olusenyakatho
- ngasolwandle (lokhu kuphindwe kabili kunokwedlule, umbala uvame ukukhanya, indawo yokuhlala - iSakhalin neKamchatka)
- I-Black Sea (inegobolondo elincane nelikhanyayo)
Lapho sekupholile, izimbaza zifuduka kalula ziye endaweni efanelekayo.
- Imbaza
Ungazithola lezi ezingenamgogodla emhlabeni wonke, ezidliwayo zihlala emanzini oLwandle iBaltic, ogwini lwe-Atlantic. Zikhetha amanzi apholile. Bahlala eduze nogu, futhi nalapho kunemisinga enamandla ngokwanele. Bahlala ezinkampanini ezinkulu, i.e. amabhange njengama-oysters. Irekhodi liyiqoqo lama-20 metres ukuphakama. Azikhethi ngokukhethekile ngekhwalithi yamanzi, ukungcola akubethusi, kanye nokwehla kwamazinga kasawoti.
Igobolondo nomzimba wezimbaza u-oval. Ama-valve abanzi ebangeni elingasemuva, anciphile ebangeni langaphakathi. Umbala walomuntu ohlala ezilwandle umnyama, useduze nomnyama, kepha ngaphakathi kwegobolondo, njengama-bivalve amaningi, enengubo kamama weparele. Izimbaza zingakhiqiza amaparele. IByssus itholakala kuphela olwandle ingenakhanda, kwemifula ayikho. Umlomo wemollusk uqonde ngqo emlenzeni.
I-Mussel caviar igcinwa yi-gill; amaqanda angaba yizigidi eziyi-15 akhiqizwa kudoti owodwa. Zizala phakathi nezinyanga zasehlobo. Amantshontsho ezinambuzane awazitholi amagobolondo ngokushesha. Ekuqaleni, imollusk encane ihamba ngokukhululeka ohlwini lwamanzi. Kepha lapho ama-valve eqala ukukhula futhi esinda kuye, futhi lokhu kwenzeka ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-10, imbaza iyahlala.
Abathandi ukujula okukhulu - ubuningi bamamitha angama-30.I-shellfish yisidlo sasemini esamukelekile hhayi kubantu kuphela, kodwa nangenxa yezinhlanzi, izilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-stingray kanye nezinkalankala ziyamzingela. Kuke kube nezimo lapho owesilisa ehlangabezana nembaza enobuthi.
Into yokuthi invertebrate idla ulwelwe olunoshevu. Ngakho-ke, inyama ye-shellfish, eqongelela into enobuthi, iba yingozi kithina. Njengesihlungi, ziyasebenza impela futhi ziyakwazi ukucubungula cishe amalitha angamashumi amahlanu amanzi ngosuku.
- Akunazinyo
Ibukeka njengembaza, kepha inesimo esiyindilinga ngokwengeziwe, kanye "nendlu" ekhanyayo (ensundu, ephuzi). Lathola igama lalo ngenxa yokungabikho kokukhiya okuqhubekayo - amazinyo. Uhlala emanzini amasha aseYurophu, eMelika, futhi atholakala e-Asia. Ukubala zonke izinhlobo zalesi sidalwa, inqwaba yeminwe ayanele. Bangaphezu kweshumi nanhlanu babo. On ukuzwa ezifana: swan, emincane, duck amazinyo, njll
Ukukhiqiza okungenazinyo yizibungu, okuthi isikhathi esithile zikhubaze ezinye izinto eziphilayo, izinhlanzi, ngokwesibonelo. Futhi lapho sebekhulile, bacwila phansi. Lo mshini uvumela laba bantu abangenakhanda ukuthi basakaze futhi bathathe izindawo eziningi ngokwengeziwe.
Ubude begobolondo bufinyelela kumasentimitha angama-25, kepha umuntu ojwayelekile uvamise ukuba ngamasentimitha ayi-10 amafushane. Izindonga ze-valve zintekenteke futhi zizacile. Esimweni sezulu esifudumele, abantu ngabanye bakhula ngokushesha okukhulu kunasebusika. Lokhu kunganqunywa futhi ngebanga lesici phakathi kwamabhendi obudala kugobolondo.
Okungenamazinyo kunomlenze oqinile, oshiya ama-groove ezansi enhlabathini. Kodwa-ke, i-mollusk ayikwazi ukubizwa ngokuhamba kakhulu, ijubane lokuhamba kwayo liphansi, ngehora umuntu "adlula" ngamasentimitha angama-30 kuphela. I-invertebrate ethandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabathandi be-aquarium. Bafaka izimbaza emanzini ukuze zihlale zihlanzekile.
- I-Perlovitsa
Lezi zinhlobo zikhulu kakhulu kunaleso esedlule, ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-valve ebhali le-pearl akhulu kakhulu. Isikhathi sokuphila siyiminyaka eyishumi nesigamu. Isidalwa samanzi ahlanzekile asiyideleli indawo engezansi eyakhiwe ngosilika. Kukule ndawo lapho bethanda khona ubusika. Izilwane ezingenamgogodla zingena odakeni ngesikhathi sezulu esibanda.
Kuyathakazelisa. Ezikhathini zasendulo, abadwebi babesebenzisa izigaxa zebhali njengephalethi. Ngakho-ke, ibizwa nangokuthi i-mollusk yabadwebi. Manje isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwezinkinobho zomama-pearl.
- AmaTeredinids
Le mibungu emikhulu yemikhumbi inokubukeka okuthile. Igobolondo limboza kuphela ingxenye encane yomzimba wabo ongamamitha, futhi lisekugcineni kwengaphambili. Ikhonza ukubhoboza izimbobo ngokhuni - indawo eyintandokazi ye-invertebrate.
Ama-valve ambozwe ngeziqu ezithile. Futhi imollusk isebenzisa isitho salo kuphela ukuze ithole indawo engxenyeni yesihlahla ngaphambi kokuba "isibholwe". Ingubo izungeza ngemuva komzimba. Ikhiqiza uketshezi olukhethekile, lapho isibungu simboza ngalo izindonga zenkambo eyenziwe.
Lesi silokazane asidli nje kuphela izinto ezincane eziphila emanzini, kodwa futhi sidla nothwayi. Ukuze icubungule izinkuni, imollusk idinga amagciwane akhethekile ahlala esiswini sayo.
Ungathola izikelemu emihlathini, kanye nasezikebheni zokhuni. Abantu bakubheka njengesinambuzane futhi baphatha imikhumbi yabo ngokukhulelwa okunobuthi. Abantu base-Asia, ngokungafani nabaseYurophu, abayideleli imbaza futhi bayidle. Ezweni lethu kunezinhlobo ezine zezikelemu ezinjalo. Futhi emhlabeni wonke kunezingaphezu kuka-60 zazo.
- I-Pinna
Ama-valve alo mmeleli wesigaba sama-bivalve ahlanganiswe ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi abhekiswe ngokucijile kolunye. Ingaphansi elingenalutho lembaza alithandeki. Ngokuphela kwayo okucijile, inamathiselwe lapho kunezihlahlana zotshani, ulwelwe. IPinna ikhula ngokushesha okukhulu. Angafinyelela usayizi wamasentimitha ayi-15 asevele enonyaka wokuqala wokuphila. Kunabamele abanegobolondo elide emitha.
Kukule mollusk lapho ngaphambili kwakukhiqizwa usilika wasolwandle obaluleke kakhulu. Le yinqubo ekhandlekayo kakhulu, ngoba i-pinna ayikhiphi imicu eminingi ye-byssus okwenziwe ngayo le ndwangu. Amakhulu ezinkulungwane ezingenamgogodla adinga ukubanjwa ngocezu oluncane lwendaba.
Lesi sidalwa esinomzimba othambile asivamile. Ngempela, namuhla inani elanele labahlali basemanzini lingatholakala kuphela endaweni yezindawo ezimbili ezigcinelwe izwe. Ngakho-ke, ukuthwebula kwabo kunqunyelwe.
- Usuku lwasolwandle
Lezi yizihlobo zezimbaza. Bangabeqembu labasiki bamatshe. Lezi zinhlobo ziyaziwa ngokuhlala emigodini eyenziwe ngamatshe amatshe amatshe noma amakhorali. Ukuze uzenzele le ndawo eyimfihlo, usuku lufihla imfihlo ekhethekile emuncu. Idla itshe lekalika, futhi kuvela kanjena imink. Ngasikhathi sinye, izigaxa zemollusk ziphumela ngaphandle ukuze zikwazi ukondla nokulahla imfucuza.
Inani
Okwemvelo:
- Uma kungenjalo ngalezi zidalwa, akwaziwa ukuthi bekuzokwenzekani kumadamu ethu. ngoba ukubaluleka kwama-bivalve molluscs ukuhlanzwa kwezilwandle, imifula namachibi akunakwenzeka ukweqisa. Imvamisa abantu bazala ngamabomu, bese bethumela lezi ezingenamgogodla endaweni yemvelo. Isibonelo, i-oyster eyodwa nje ingahlunga amalitha ayishumi amanzi ngemizuzu engama-60 nje kuphela.
- I-Shellfish ingukudla komthala wonke wezilwane. Zidliwa yizinhlanzi, izikele nezinyoni zamanzi.
Okomuntu:
- Ukusetshenziswa kwethu okuthandwa kakhulu yilezi zidalwa kukudla. Iningi labo bonke abantu lidla izimbaza, ama-oysters, ama-scallops. Kwesinye isikhathi kuba lula futhi kushibhile ukuthi umuntu akhulise endaweni yokufakelwa kunokuyivuna olwandle. Futhi leli yibhizinisi elinenzuzo enkulu. Ngemuva kwakho konke, ukunambitheka kwalezi zilwane zasolwandle kungaphezu kokudunyiswa. Ama-Shellfish awadliwa ngabantu kuphela, kodwa futhi nezilwane zasemapulazini. Isibonelo, imvuthuluka yegobolondo elingenamgogodla ingezwa ekudleni kwenkukhu.
- Ubuhlalu, amacici, izindandatho, izikhumbuzo - yilokhu okusadingeka ukuthi kwenziwe ama-invertebrate. Amaparele "akhula" egobolondo le-oyster pearl abaluleke kakhulu kunamatshe ayigugu.
- Ukwakhiwa kungenye indawo yokusetshenziswa kwama-molluscs, noma kunalokho amagobolondo abo. Kutholakala kubo itshe legobolondo, lolu hlobo lwetshe lekalika, lubizwa nangokuthi itshe lasolwandle. Okuqukethwe kufanelekile ekukhiqizeni ama-tunings amancane. amabhlogo. Idume kakhulu ngokwakhiwa kwamathempeli. Ngemuva kwakho konke, uzovikela emsindweni nasemakhazeni. Futhi okuqabukela ukukubona kuzoba yisithiyo emisebeni. Izithombe ezibunjiwe kakhulu, izinto zokuhlobisa ingadi, ama-vases, njll. Zitholakala kokuqukethwe okunjalo.
- Kukhona nezinhlangothi ezingezinhle kulezi zidalwa. Isibonelo, lezo ezinamathele kumphezulu owodwa isikhathi eside, futhi ziqoqe abafo bazo zibazungeze, zilimaza izimfanelo ezisezingeni eliphezulu zemikhumbi. Njengoba sezinqwabelene emaphethelweni ezikebhe, ziphazamisa ukuqhubeka kwazo. Futhi amatilosi abheka izikelemu zemikhumbi njengesiqalekiso sangempela. Ngemuva kwakho konke, bajika phansi kwemikhumbi kube ngesihlungo sangempela.
